影视旅游:旅游目的地营销推广新方式

电影电视中出现的旅游目的地会影响旅游者的旅游兴趣,促成旅游行为。绝大多数现有文献是研究影视旅游对于目的地旅游者数量和对旅游者决策过程的影响和作用,也有探索影视作品对于旅游目的地旅游形象的影响的。由此说明影视旅游是可以作为一种推广旅游目的地的营销新方式。影视旅游之所以成为营销工具,相关旅游地的旅游形象在其中起了重要作用。本文在现有文献理论和实证研究的基础上,分析论述了影视旅游作为营销方式的特点和原理,结合影视作品的拍摄和放映两个阶段,探讨了在每个阶段影视旅游营销工作的重点和形式。     

国外旅游目的地营销研究综述

本文对国外旅游目的地营销研究进行综述.近10年来国外研究主要涉及旅游目的地形象、旅游目的地营销组织、旅游目的地促销、信息技术与目的地营销4大方面.文章在简要评述我国旅游目的地营销研究现状的基础上,结合国外研究情况,认为强化实证研究及定量分析、旅游目的地品牌及定位研究、旅游目的地营销组织、信息技术的促进作用和旅游目的地营销绩效评价应是我国近期旅游目的地营销研究的主要方向.     

论旅游目的地联合营销的理论基础及其对中国的启示

时于以旅游经济为支柱的地区来说,目的地营销一直是一项极具挑战性的任务.联合营销可能为目的地旅游组织解决这一挑战提供有效的路径.本文以组织关系理论为基础,探讨和阐述旅游目的地联合营销的先决条件、动机成因、合作过程和预期成果,并对其理论和实战两个层面的影响进行阐述.     

海岛型旅游地空间竞争与区域合作研究

近年来,作为滨海旅游发展的延伸,海岛旅游研究已成为国内外旅游研究重要领域之一。但在一定区域范围内,海岛型旅游地有较为相似的旅游资源、重叠的客源市场以及相当的重视程度,同时,其资源特色、发展环境、市场定位、发展条件、政策条件、介入机会等竞争因素差异较大,这些都决定了海岛型旅游地之间是竞争与合作共存的对立统一关系。本文以福建省4个特色海岛——海坛岛、湄洲岛、鼓浪屿、东山岛为例,从分析4个特色海岛的概况入手,重点比较分析它们之间的空间竞争优势,最后提出海岛型旅游地区域合作的可行性策略。     

Critical Success Factors for Business Tourism Destinations

Abstract

Business tourism is a highly lucrative but competitive sector of the tourism industry which has led many destinations to implement strategies and invest in infrastructure and human resource developments. National and regional capital city status gives additional kudos to a destination. This paper presents critical success factors for business tourism destinations developed from four case studies of successful UK business tourism destinations through stakeholder interviews and explores how Cardiff should exploit its national capital city status to support its business tourism offer. The critical success factors for business tourism destinations include: leadership; networking; branding; skills; ambassadors; infrastructure; and bidding. These will inform an action plan to develop and shape Cardiff's business tourism offer and position Cardiff amongst the UK and Europe's major business tourism destinations.     

培育节庆活动 营销西部旅游目的地

随着旅游业的发展，旅游目的地竞争越来越激烈，目的地形象的塑和推广成为竞争的重要手段。节庆活动既是目的地形象的载体，又是形象传播最有效的方式之一，对西部旅游目的地营销有着特殊重要的意义。西部旅游目的地要从实际出发，培育有西部特色的节庆活动，同时要注意以下问题：节庆活动规模和参与度；节庆活动的形式和内容；国际体育旅游活动的开发；提高服务水平。     

The Role of Local and Regional Food in Destination Marketing

Summary

An analysis of the relevant tourism literature and the promotional material of various destinations indicate that the role of food in the marketing of destinations has until recently received very little attention globally and locally. All indications, however, are that local food holds much potential to enhance sustainability in tourism; contribute to the authenticity of the destination; strengthen the local economy; and provide for the environmentally friendly infrastructure. This paper will highlight the key findings of the preliminary study regarding the utilization of food as a key or supportive attraction by destination-marketing organizations in South Africa. Guidelines for the future development, packaging and marketing of local and regional foods will be postulated and proposals for future research will be outlined.     

Cider and the Marketing of the Tourism Experience in Somerset,England

Summary

The paper provides a background to the history, development and importance of the cider industry to the county. A case study approach is then adopted, in order to demonstrate the richness of cider experiences available to the tourist travelling both through, and within, Somerset. Three case studies of individual firms are provided. The paper notes that a firm's reasons for engaging in tourism bear great similarities to those utilized by wineries. The paper also highlights the importance of collective marketing strategies at both the firm and business level.     

基于入境旅游市场开发的台海两岸四地旅游合作途径

本文以有关统计和预测数字分析台湾海峡两岸四地旅游业在东北亚地区乃至在整个亚太旅游市场中的地位、四地旅游业主要客源市场的特点及其彼此互为客源市场的现状与潜力,指出这些方面对于两岸四地间建立和发展旅游合作的寓意,并基于目前的可能性,就两岸四地旅游业发展营销合作的现实途径提出个人见解.     

全球——地方联结下的旅游地研究进展

全球化加速了人口流动,旅游成为当今资本、人口流动的一种普遍现象.旅游已被融入到后工业城市的经济重构、全球化和地方化等更大背景.全球力和地方力的协同存在,不同旅游地被重新构造.文章重点回顾了国外近年来对全球--地方联结下的旅游地理的研究进展,集中体现在全球--地方联结下的旅游地发展机制、不同类型旅游地发展、开发战略和旅游影响等方面.随着我国旅游快速发展,全球化和地方化两股力量已经开始对我国旅游地产生明显的作用,将引起我国旅游地形式、特征、机制的新变化,应加强对其变化的后果及应对措施进行研究,为我国旅游地研究提供新思路和新视角.     

信息传播:旅游目的地营销与服务的关键环节

文章讨论了旅游业作为信息密集型和信息依托型产业的特征,并指出,旅游目的地信息传播既是一种社会现象,也是目的地营销的基本内容,同时,传递信息也是为旅游者提供旅游服务的一种重要形式.     

Development Opportunities for a Tourism Benchmarking Tool-The Case of Tyrol

Abstract

The aim of this study is to improve an already existing Tourism benchmarking tool designed and implemented by the Austrian Provincial Government of Tyrol in 1987 (Haemmerle and Lehar 1987, Berktold 1992). After a brief introduction which overviews latest benchmarking approaches within tourism (Morey and Dittman 1995, Kozak and Rimmington 1998, Siguaw and Enz 1999, Dubé et al. 1999, Ritchie and Crouch 2000) and emphasizing its strategic significance of continually monitoring and emulating standards of performance, the principal purpose of an already existing benchmarking tool, the Tyrolean Tourism Barometer, is described in form of a case study. Both, the data gathering process as well as the operational sequences leading to a variety of indicators are thoroughly discussed. The paper concludes by analyzing the strengths and weaknesses of this secondary data based benchmarking tool. The final section of the paper critically assesses the neglect of relevant elements within the production process of tourism services. Here, the point will be made that it will not suffice to only describe structural shifts in tourism supply and demand in order to establish a reliable instrument for retrospectively evaluating tourism policy and strategically optimize future destination policies. Thus, the existing approach, initially based on price and capacity data only, is extended by linking it to both quality measures of customer satisfaction as well as resource allocation conditions (Weiermair and Fuchs 1999, Wöber 2000).     

Malaysia's Tourism Development and Marketing

Abstract

Malaysia has proven itself as one of the most successful and fastest growing economies in Southeast Asia. Being one of the world's greatest undiscovered and unexplored countries, there exists a vast tourism development potential in Malaysia. The Malaysian government in recent years has placed unprecedented importance on the role of tourism in its economic development process. This article reviews recent developments in tourism development and marketing efforts in Malaysia.     

旅游目的地电子商务网络的构建与营销创新

随着信息技术的迅猛发展，特别是互联网的普及和应用。电子商务的交易模式应运而生，并迅速运用到旅游业领域，旅游目的地电子商务的发展也随之兴起。本文从电子商务的发展现状和旅游业的发展趋势入手分析了旅游目的地电子商务网络构建的背景，并在此基础上对其构建体系和构建模式进行了详细的阐述，进而提出在电子商务环境下旅游目的地营销的创新对策。     

国外关于旅游地水供需矛盾的研究

旅游业是地表水和地下水的主要使用者之一。随着旅游业的不断发展，对水资源的影响日益凸现，水供需矛盾已成为全球旅游可持续发展的主要制约因素之一。本文在阐述国外水供需矛盾旅游地主要区域特征的基础上．从系统角度深入分析了国外旅游地水供需矛盾及其主要影响因素，并从管理、技术、经济和教育等方面总结了国外水供需矛盾的主要调控措施与实施情况．以期丰富旅游水环境的研究视角，为我国旅游地水供需管理提供帮助。     

Gender Equity and Social Marketing: An Analysis of Tourism Advertisements

This study applies a social marketing approach to study the gender equity issue in tourism advertising. Using a geographic strata approach, vacation guides of destination marketing organizations from all the states in the United States are examined to investigate gender image representations. A total of 394 pictures are visually analyzed and coded using Goffman's framework on gender and media relations. Mixed results in terms of both blatant and subtle visual cues depicting relationships between men and women are reported. Thereafter, important implications for social marketing are drawn and a means-end quality-of-life framework is suggested.     

旅游业区域溢出的可计算模型及案例

一个开放的经济系统中,旅游业区域溢出广泛存在,而溢出大小除了与两个旅游区之间的规模等级差异和空间距离呈负相关外,还与它们之间的类型差异和接受溢出方的学习能力呈正相关。本文即是对上述溢出影响因子进行综合,借鉴经典知识溢出公式而构建了一个测度旅游业区域溢出的机理模型S(ji)=δje-1δ(jl)Gi(jl)2+δ(jk)G(ijk)-βrij,并在进一步的变量定义和参数估计后,实现了模型的可计算化。此外,本文还利用该模型对长江三角洲"15+n"旅游城市之间的溢出情况进行计算,在验证模型可信度的同时也分析了区域旅游合作及相应旅游圈组织的有效性问题,取得了一些有益的认识。     

Marketing Implications for Post-Disaster Tourism Destinations

This paper suggests that the tourism industry does not have to become an economic loser following large disasters. Planning and mitigative efforts can position the industry to function after a disaster. We suggest that current planning can draw upon current general knowledge about disaster behavior. For example, altruism and mass convergence also affects the tourism industry following disaster. Role abandonment and panic do not happen after disaster. Finally, we suggest that a systematic research program can enhance the tourism industryÆs efforts to respond and recover form disaster.     

Marketing Strategies for Last-Minute Travel and Tourism

Abstract

Travel and tourism arranged at the “last minute” has become a growing trend among consumers today. Responding to this trend, more and more travel/tourism firms are offering services catering to consumers seeking last-minute travel and tourism opportunities. Yet, clearly, not all last-minute travellers are alike. Variability in last-minute consumer characteristics such as motivations, lifestyles, and benefits sought suggests opportunities for astute marketers and revenue managers to collaborate in further segmenting the last-minute market and developing more effective marketing and revenue management strategies to potentially increase the firms' revenues, profitability, and customer satisfaction. Toward this end, this article evaluates and discusses marketing strategies, marketing mix elements, and segmentation approaches that may be most appropriate for more effective marketing and revenue management in the last-minute travel and tourism market.     

Destination Marketing Organizations and destination marketing: A narrative analysis of the literature

This article presents the first narrative analysis of the areas of research that have developed within the destination marketing field since its commencement in 1973. Given the broad extent of the field, and the absence of any previous reviews in four decades, a key challenge is in providing a focus for such a disparate body of knowledge. The review is structured around one principal question: ‘To what extent is the Destination Marketing Organisation (DMO) responsible for the competitiveness of the destination?’. In pursuit of this underlying question, we address a number of themes including nomenclature and the DMO, the evolution of the destination marketing literature, competitiveness as the DMO reason d'être, and DMO effectiveness including issues of branding and positioning, and future research themes in the field.