从旅游者角度对旅游目的地形象的探讨

旅游目的地形象是吸引游客最关键的因素之一,是旅游整体营销理念中的重要概念。本文从旅游者角度探讨了旅游目的地形象的可感知性与不可感知性,并提出了正确运用旅游地形象要素进行形象策划的观点。     

旅游地顾客满意度测评指标体系的研究及应用

市场的竞争力来自顾客的满意度。本文根据旅游业的“食、住、行、游、娱、购”6要素特点。运用美国密歇根大学质量研究中心费耐尔(Fomell)教授的顾客满意度指数理论，构建旅游地顾客满意度指数测评的因果模型(Tourism Destination Customer Satisfaction Index，简称TDCSI)和旅游地顾客满意度测评指标体系，并对其进行了实证检验，证明该模型和指标体系较为科学、合理和可行。     

旅游地景观生态规划与设计研究

本文以福州市青云山风景区为实例，紧扣旅游与环境问题，突出规划的两大目标——发展旅游事业和保护生态环境，在景观现状格局分析、适宜性评价、生态安全格局辨识和敏感度分析的基础上，拟定旅游地景观总体规划设计方案。然后，围绕主题从整体到局部多层次深入展开，突出宏观总体格局、中观功能分区和微观单元设计三个级别的规划与设计。最后，对规划前后进行对比分析，确认规划方案的优劣。结果表明。对旅游地进行景观生态规划与设计具有实践上的可行性。能满足风景区旅游生态平衡与人地协调的发展要求。     

基于本地旅游需求驱动的旅游地空间系统重构

旅游地空间系统是一个复杂而敏感的系统,易受空间内外部各种因素特别是市场要素变化的影响.文章在对以外来旅游需求为牵引的传统旅游空间系统及其不足和形成机理进行深入分析的基础上,结合国民休闲和内需扩大战略背景下本地旅游需求不断提升的现实变化,重构了内外需求更为平衡条件下的新旅游地空间系统.该系统应具有良好的空间外部环境、通畅高效的信息流、域面平滑流畅的旅游地发育、便捷立体的旅游通道、趋向均衡互补的内外部旅游市场等内涵,从而对传统旅游空间系统进行了补充和完善.     

旅游地社会文化环境变迁机制试研究

本文探讨的重点,包括以下方面:①制约旅游地社会文化环境变迁的动因在于外界旅游流对旅游地的静态平衡系统产生冲击和干扰,分析旅游地社会文化环境变迁,必须从构成“流“的要素入手;②旅游者及其携带而来的物能流与旅游地各主体要素(政府机构、旅游企业、旅游地原生居民等)的竞争与协调产生旅游地社会文化环境变迁的动力机制.     

旅游接待地社会文化保护问题新论

对旅游接待地的社会文化保护一直是中外旅游发展中备受关注但始终未能妥善解决的问题。本文针对这一问题分析了旅游接待地所扮演的文化角色,分析了旅游业的过度发展对旅游接待地社会文化造成的6个方面的冲击,在此基础上提出对旅游接待地实施社会文化保护和文化提升的战略思考。笔者认为,我们对保护一词首先应有正确的理解,应采用旅游学术研究最新成果,制定文化保护和文化提升战略,制定和颁布相关法律和政策,建立相关的执行和协调机构,应充分发挥社区居民在旅游接待地社会文化保护和文化提升方面的作用,应重视在旅游接待地社会文化保护和提升方面的国际合作。     

山岳型旅游地水环境管理比较与模式构建

论文以牯牛降风景区(观音堂核心景区)、普陀山风景区、黄山风景区3个不同发展阶段的山岳型旅游地为案例,对水环境管理现状、水环境管理驱动力和管理方法进行了比较研究,发现山岳型旅游地水环境管理都不同程度地受到外界控制、道德规范、经济限制等驱动力的影响.在此基础上,从管理的角度提出了以道德影响为主,外部控制和经济限制影响为辅,形成意识管理、政策管理和技术管理三者齐头并进的山岳型水环境管理模式.     

旅游目的地游客忠诚研究进展

旅游目的地游客忠诚的研究伴随消费者行为研究的范式转移而产生.在旅游目的地竞争日益激烈的情况下,如果想维持目的地的游客偏好,则需要培育游客忠诚.本文回顾了近10年来国内外有关旅游目的地游客忠诚研究的主要成果,并根据国内外研究现状,展望了今后国内对旅游目的地游客忠诚的研究,希望为国内相关研究提供启示.     

Satisfaction With All-Inclusive Tourism Resorts: The Effects of Satisfaction With Destination and Destination Loyalty

Despite the fact that all-inclusive package holidays play a major role in the tourism developments of sun and sea destinations, relatively little research has been done within the hospitality literature to investigate the relationships between satisfaction with all-inclusive, destination satisfaction and loyalty to a destination. Moreover, the measurement of satisfaction with all-inclusive resorts is lacking. Therefore, the aim of this study is to examine relationships between satisfaction with all-inclusive resorts, satisfaction with destination, and destination loyalty, in order to understand the generation of tourist satisfaction with all-inclusive resorts. Based the previous theoretical and empirical evidence in the related literature, a questionnaire survey was conducted during summer 2008 at Antalya, a major sun and sea tourism destination of Turkey. The data were analyzed using several statistical techniques. The results suggested that there were significant relationships between satisfaction with all-inclusive resorts, satisfaction with destination and destination loyalty. It is also noteworthy that an all-inclusive package tour is the most popular traveling mode for tourists visiting Antalya.     

国内客源市场旅游目的地花费模型的构建——以西安"五一"黄金周为例

影响游客旅游目的地花费水平的因子有游客个体因子及与每次出游相关的因子.本文以西安地区"五一"黄金周国内市场的抽样调查数据为基础,利用SPSS12.0对旅游花费影响因子进行了虚拟回归分析,寻找出国内游客旅游目的地花费的显著影响因子,并构建了旅游花费模型.通过分析得出以下结论:旅游花费影响因子的作用机制不尽相同;不同旅游方式的花费水平差异明显;拓展旅游产品谱系、完善旅游目的地营销系统是提高西安国内游客旅游花费水平的主要手段.     

The Influence of Food Expenditure on Tourist Response to Festival Tourism: Expenditure Perspective

Festival tourism, which combines the theme of a festival with the local characteristics of an area, has become an extremely attractive marketing method in recent years. In addition, local food and beverages are items that many visitors enjoy consuming and that can become attractions in their own right. The aims of this study are: (a) based on expenditure theory, to explore how spending on food and beverages and other items such as accommodations and transportation influences intentions to revisit and make positive recommendation; and (b) to examine whether or not tourists with different lifestyles use or experience different sources of information, evaluation criteria and travel expenses. A questionnaire survey was conducted using visitors to the 2009 Penghu Sea fireworks festival, and 308 valid samples were collected. The results were as follows. First, food and beverages had a significant positive influence on revisit and recommendation intentions. Second, the total expenditure on a tourist visit had a significantly negative effect on revisit and recommendation intentions. Third, there were statistically significant differences with regard to information searching, evaluation criteria and tourism expenditure among tourists with different lifestyles. Based on these results, we can conclude that food and beverage expenditure during festival tourism is an important factor in whether or not tourists plan to revisit an area and recommend it to others. The findings also show that more tourists can be attracted if festivals are well suited to local conditions and characteristics (such as the availability of seafood in the example examined in this work).     

Similarities and Differences of the Effect of Country Images on Tourist and Study Destinations

ABSTRACT

The present study attempts to determine whether students hold similar or different country images when they are “buying” study abroad programs and tourism destinations. This article also tries to investigate similarities and differences in the brand personality perceptions of countries when they are considered as tourism and as study abroad destinations through the application of the brand personality characteristics model developed by Aaker (1997 Aaker, J. L. 1997. Dimensions of brand personality. Journal of Marketing Research, 34(3): 347–356. [Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]). A convenience sample of 360 students was split into two groups based on the motivation for visiting a specific country, whether for tourism or to participate in a study abroad program. The t test was used to calculate the significance of differences in country images between the two groups—those considering study abroad programs and those considering tourism destinations. The study concludes that the knowledge developed within the tourism context regarding images of countries may be applied to the context of study abroad programs.     

旅游企业社会责任对目的地形象及游客忠诚的影响研究

在旅游市场竞争日趋激烈的背景下,由旅游企业经营所引发的社会责任问题受到广泛关注,但学界关于旅游企业社会责任的影响研究还不够系统和深入.文章将旅游企业社会责任划分为6个方面,将目的地形象划分为认知形象和情感形象两个方面,并构建了旅游企业社会责任对目的地形象及游客忠诚的影响模型.实证研究表明,旅游企业社会责任在目的地形象及游客忠诚形成中发挥非常重要的作用,其中,经济责任、环境责任、游客责任、员工责任和法律责任对认知形象有正向影响,游客责任、员工责任和慈善责任对情感形象有正向影响;认知形象和情感形象不仅对游客忠诚产生直接影响,而且通过游客满意对游客忠诚产生间接作用.相比认知形象,情感形象对游客满意和忠诚的影响作用更大.     

信息传播:旅游目的地营销与服务的关键环节

文章讨论了旅游业作为信息密集型和信息依托型产业的特征,并指出,旅游目的地信息传播既是一种社会现象,也是目的地营销的基本内容,同时,传递信息也是为旅游者提供旅游服务的一种重要形式.     

旅游景区游客满意度测评体系研究

稳定的规模化游客流是经营性旅游景区的生命线 ,游客满意度是游客流的根本动力。本文在分析旅游景区业务流程的基础上 ,提炼了影响旅游景区游客满意度的主要因素 ,构建了测评游客满意度的指标体系 ,运用模糊综合评价法建立了测评游客满意度的数学模型 ,试图为旅游景区经营管理者提供一个掌握游客满意度水平的决策辅助工具     

饮食旅游动机对游客满意度和行为意向的影响研究

饮食旅游是近年来发展最快的旅游类型之一,但有关游客动机和行为的研究却很少.文章构建结构方程模型,剖析饮食旅游的推动和拉动动机要素,明确旅游动机对游客满意度和行为意向的作用机制.在澳门进行问卷调查获得368个有效样本后,检验假设模型,发现饮食旅游的推动动机为休闲放松、饮食猎奇和文化探索,拉动动机包括饮食产品和配套服务;休闲放松、文化探索和饮食产品对满意度有正向影响,饮食猎奇要素对行为意向有正向影响.文章从供求两方面明确了饮食旅游的参与原因及其后续效应,为发展饮食旅游、提升游客满意度和忠诚度提供了指导.     

Image-Based Segmentation of Cultural Tourism Market: The Perceptions of Taiwan's Inbound Visitors

This paper aims at testing the effectiveness of using an image-based approach to segment the cultural tourism market. Identifying 14 image attributes of cultural attractions, Taiwan's inbound tourists were then surveyed to rate the importance of these attributes. Applying a factor–cluster segmentation approach, four discrete image segments were identified, including arts and museum, heritage, living culture, and resulted in a sample of 954 respondents. The research findings reveal several theoretical and empirical implications, including the propositions of cultural distance, omnivorous/univorous, experiential and informational familiarity of destination and the two-dimensional model of cultural tourist typology.     

论旅游地形象发生发展中的几个"效应" 问题及其实践意义

旅游地形象问题研究受到旅游理论界和业界人士的极大关注.本文吸取多学科的研究成果,从旅游地形象的发生发展过程入手,集中探讨了旅游地形象发生发展中的几个"效应"问题.     

我国城乡旅游地居民参与旅游规划与发展研究

综合国内外居民参与研究的成就,本文提出了传统型、行政主导型、居民政府共同参与型和居民全过程主导参与型等4种居民参与旅游规划与发展模式.并从城市和乡村旅游地角度,比较了中山市和四项山旅游地的居民基本特征和居民参与旅游规划与发展的差异.根据居民参与旅游规划与发展差异,四顶山旅游地采用行政主导推动型模式,中山市旅游地采取居民政府共同参与型模式.在此基础上,从政府、规划师、居民教育及信息交流4个方面提出了居民参与实施对策.