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1.
The methodologies that have been used in existing research to assess the efficiency with which organic farms are operating
are generally based either on the stochastic frontier methodology or on a deterministic non-parametric approach. Recently,
Kumbhakar et al. (J Econom 137:1–27, 2007) proposed a new nonparametric, stochastic method based on the local maximum likelihood
principle. We use this methodology to compare the efficiency ratings of organic and conventional arable crop farms in the
Spanish region of Andalucía. Nonparametrically encompassing the stochastic frontier model is especially useful when comparing
the performance of two groups that are likely to be characterized by different production technologies.
相似文献
Teresa SerraEmail: Email: |
2.
Technical efficiency in farming: a meta-regression analysis 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Boris E. Bravo-Ureta Daniel Solís Víctor H. Moreira López José F. Maripani Abdourahmane Thiam Teodoro Rivas 《Journal of Productivity Analysis》2007,27(1):57-72
A meta-regression analysis including 167 farm level technical efficiency (TE) studies of developing and developed countries
was undertaken. The econometric results suggest that stochastic frontier models generate lower mean TE (MTE) estimates than
non-parametric deterministic models, while parametric deterministic frontier models yield lower estimates than the stochastic
approach. The primal approach is the most common technological representation. In addition, frontier models based on cross-sectional
data produce lower estimates than those based on panel data whereas the relationship between functional form and MTE is inconclusive.
On average, studies for animal production show a higher MTE than crop farming. The results also suggest that the studies for
countries in Western Europe and Oceania present, on average, the highest levels of MTE among all regions after accounting
for various methodological features. In contrast, studies for Eastern European countries exhibit the lowest estimate followed
by those from Asian, African, Latin American, and North American countries. Additional analysis reveals that MTEs are positively
and significantly related to the average income of the countries in the data set but this pattern is broken by the upper middle
income group which displays the lowest MTE.
相似文献
Teodoro RivasEmail: |
3.
Application of a double bootstrap to investigation of determinants of technical efficiency of farms in Central Europe 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
The paper provides one of the first applications of the double bootstrap procedure (Simar and Wilson 2007) in a two-stage estimation of the effect of environmental variables on non-parametric estimates of technical efficiency.
This procedure enables consistent inference within models explaining efficiency scores, while simultaneously producing standard
errors and confidence intervals for these efficiency scores. The application is to 88 livestock and 256 crop farms in the
Czech Republic, split into individual and corporate.
相似文献
Laure LatruffeEmail: |
4.
Researchers have long recognized that entrepreneurial or managerial skill is a major determinant of productivity or reason why production among firms varies. Yet, except for a few studies, differences in productivity and output levels are usually attributed to plant configuration or scale. More important, there appears to have been few attempts to relate technical efficiency to managerial skill. Utilizing a stochastic production frontier, we examine the relationship between technical efficiency and characteristics of skill such as experience and education in a fishery. Although we can not determine threshold or essential levels of experience and education, substitution possibilities are found to exist between years of experience and education levels. Additional analysis of efficiency for two captains of the same background and experience reveals that additional characteristics need to be considered in the examination of skipper skill or the good-captain hypothesis. 相似文献
5.
Worker peer-effects and managerial selection have received limited attention in the stochastic frontier analysis literature. We develop a parametric production function model that allows for worker peer-effects in output and worker-level inefficiency that is correlated with a manager’s selection of worker teams. The model is the usual “composed error” specification of the stochastic frontier model, but we allow for managerial selectivity (endogeneity) that works through the worker-level inefficiency term. The new specification captures both worker-level inefficiency and the manager’s ability to efficiently select teams to produce output. As the correlation between the manager’s selection equation and worker inefficiency goes to zero, our parametric model reduces to the normal-exponential stochastic frontier model of Aigner et al. (1977) with peer-effects. A comprehensive application to the NBA is provided. 相似文献
6.
Intra- and inter-country bank branch assessment using DEA 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Increasingly globalized financial markets with considerable activity in the multinational sector have created the need to
understand inter-country bank branch performance. This topic is relatively unstudied, primarily due to the immense difficulty
encountered in gathering reliable data. Fortunately, we have been able to obtain data on a group of banks operating in one
geographical market area, but in different countries. In this paper we critically assess bank branch profitability and productivity
in seven national branch networks owned and operated by a multi-national financial services corporation. The corporate head
office (owner) imposes its management philosophy equally on all of its subsidiaries, thus removing executive managerial and
corporate disparity. Results suggest that countries in which branch performance is quite consistent amongst domestic branches
are less productive and less profitable when compared to other countries that have more disparity in their efficiency scores.
In addition, we discovered that, surprisingly, branches do not have to be productive in order to be profitable and this led
us to somewhat of a major breakthrough in inter-country branch analysis. Significant managerial advice may be derived from
these results vis-à-vis trans-national benchmarking and opportunity for performance improvements both at the branch level
and nationally as well.
相似文献
Joseph C. Paradi (Corresponding author)Email: |
7.
This study measures productivity growth on Irish dairy farms over the period 1984–2000. A total factor productivity index
is constructed for the dairy system and is decomposed into technical change, efficiency change, and changes in scale efficiency.
This is achieved by estimating a stochastic output distance function model of the production technology in use on Irish dairy
farms. Overall, productivity on Irish dairy farms grew by 1.2% per annum over the sample period.
相似文献
Alan Matthews (Corresponding author)Email: |
8.
This paper applies the probabilistic approach developed by Daraio and Simar (J Prod Anal 24:93–121, 2005, Advanced robust and nonparametric methods in efficiency analysis. Springer Science, New York, 2007a, J Prod Anal 28:13–32, 2007b) in order to develop conditional and unconditional data envelopment analysis (DEA) models for the measurement of countries’ environmental efficiency levels for a sample of 110 countries in 2007. In order to capture the effect of countries compliance with the Kyoto protocol agreement (KPA) policies, we condition first the years since a country has signed the KPA until 2007 and secondly the obliged percentage level of countries’ emission reductions. Particularly, various DEA models have been applied alongside with bootstrap techniques in order to determine the effect of KPA on countries’ environmental efficiencies. The study illustrates how the recent developments in efficiency analysis and statistical inference can be applied when evaluating environmental performance issues. The results indicate a nonlinear relationship between countries’ obliged percentage levels of emission reductions and their environmental efficiency levels. Finally, a similar nonlinear relationship is also recorded between the duration which a country has signed the KPA and its environmental efficiency levels. 相似文献
9.
Leonard L. Lundstrum 《Journal of Economics and Finance》2009,33(2):161-175
The relationship between managerial share ownership and the firm’s change in leverage around a security issuance is examined.
We find that entrenched managers are not more likely to issue equity, however they do affect lower leverage by choosing debt
issuances which are smaller and equity issuances that are larger than those chosen by managers that are not entrenched. The
magnitude of the decline in leverage that occurs from before the issuance to after the issuance is positively related to managerial
share ownership. In addition, this relationship is confined to only the “entrenchment” range of managerial share ownership.
The market reacts negatively to an issuance announcement when managerial share ownership is high.
相似文献
Leonard L. LundstrumEmail: |
10.
This paper proposes a flexible time-varying stochastic frontier model. Similarly to Lee and Schmidt [1993, In: Fried H, Lovell
CAK, Schmidt S (eds) The measurement of productive efficiency: techniques and applications. Oxford University Press, Oxford],
we assume that individual firms’ technical inefficiencies vary over time. However, the model, which we call the “multiple
time-varying individual effects” model, is more general in that it allows multiple factors determining firm-specific time-varying
technical inefficiencies. This allows the temporal pattern of inefficiency to vary over firms. The number of such factors
can be consistently estimated. The model is applied to data on Indonesian rice farms, and the changes in the efficiency rankings
of farms over time demonstrate the model’s flexibility.
相似文献
Young H. LeeEmail: |
11.
This study examines economic performance, environmental performance, and regulatory activity for plants in three industries: pulp and paper, oil, and steel. Stochastic frontier production function models show significant deviations from production efficiency. Older plants are less efficient in production, but perform no worse on emissions. Plants spending more on pollution abatement tend to do worse on both production efficiency and emissions. Stricter local regulatory pressure is associated with somewhat lower emissions, but has mixed effects on production efficiency. Positive correlations between SUR residuals for emissions and production efficiency suggest unmeasured plant-level characteristics that drive both economic and environmental performance.
相似文献
Wayne B. GrayEmail: Phone: +1-508-793-7693 |
12.
Decompositions of total factor productivity (TFP) shed light on the driving factors behind productivity change. We develop
the first exact decomposition of the Fisher ideal TFP index which contains no debatable mixed-period components or residuals.
We systematically isolate five effects of (1) technical change, (2) technical efficiency, (3) scale efficiency, (4) allocative
efficiency, and (5) price effect. The three efficiency components (2–4) represent the efficiency of achieving a given target
point. Components (1) and (5) capture the changes of the target point. While the technical change component is well-established,
changes in the relative input–output prices can have real effects on the scale and scope of the target. Such changes are captured
by the new price effect component (5). The new decomposition is compared with existing decompositions both in theory and by
means of an empirical application to a panel data of 459 Finnish farms in years 1992–2000.
相似文献
Timo KuosmanenEmail: |
13.
The temporal variation of cost-efficiency in Switzerland’s hospitals: an application of mixed models
Mehdi Farsi 《Journal of Productivity Analysis》2008,30(2):155-168
This paper uses a mixed effects model to examine the temporal variation of cost efficiency in Switzerland’s general hospitals.
The variations in total costs, the number of empty beds and the length of hospital stays are analyzed using financial data
from a sample of 168 hospitals operating from 1998 to 2003, as well as hospitalization records disaggregated to Diagnosis
Related Groups. Individual intercepts and random coefficients are used to account for the unobserved time-invariant heterogeneity
and the differences in temporal patterns across hospitals and DRG categories. The analysis illustrates the usefulness of mixed
models to account for unobserved factors such as quality, with a relatively weak assumption that their temporal variations,
rather than their initial levels, be uncorrelated with efficiency changes. The results indicate that hospitals have adopted
measures to curtail hospitalizations and reduce empty beds. The extent and effectiveness of these measures vary significantly
across individual hospitals. However, there is no evidence in favor of a particular ownership type or subsidization regime.
While the link between reduction rates of empty beds and gains in cost-efficiency is statistically significant, the expected
association between shortening hospital stays and cost-efficiency cannot be clearly established in the data.
相似文献
Mehdi FarsiEmail: URL: www.cepe.ethz.ch |
14.
This article generalizes production risk from a single output production function to a multiple output cost frontier, which is able to examine input-oriented technical efficiencies and production risk simultaneously in the context of a panel data. Furthermore, the joint confidence interval estimates for technical efficiencies are constructed by means of multiple comparisons with the best approach. Whether taking production risk into account or not offers quite dissimilar implications in terms of the average technical efficiency measure and the identification of multiple efficient banks achieving the optimal cost frontier. It is suggested that inferences drawn on the basis of the confidence intervals of technical efficiency provide much more fruitful and insightful information than the point estimation alone. Bank specific risk parameters are found to be highly and positively correlated with fixed-effect estimates, implying that the more risk-averse a bank is, the more technically efficient it will be.
相似文献
Tong-Liang KaoEmail: |
15.
Gurmeet Singh Bhabra 《Journal of Economics and Finance》2008,32(2):158-175
Stockholders of potential targets experience a statistically significant wealth gain of 0.59% over the 3-day window surrounding the acquisition program
announcement. Potential targets are defined as those firms that subsequently receive bids. Using alternative definitions,
such as a portfolio of all firms in the industry of the target or firms within the target industry with a higher probability
of receiving a bid as predicted by a maximum likelihood logit model, yield qualitatively similar results. These findings suggest
that events, such as program announcements, release significant merger related information well before a target is formally
approached with implications for wealth effects at subsequent bids. As with normal targets, the likelihood of receiving a
bid for targets that are part of a broad-based program of acquisitions increases in the level of agency problems, managerial
inefficiency and in the proportion of tangible assets in the target.
相似文献
Gurmeet Singh BhabraEmail: |
16.
Specialized managerial expertise, coupled with the threat of non-renewal should improve efficiency in firms that opt for contract
management arrangements. To examine this we apply a generalized version of tests for expense preference behavior to U.S. hospitals
in the 1990s. Extending prior literature, we create a quasi-experimental design for a comparison of adopters and non-adopters
of contracts using propensity score methods. We generate the distribution of ‘expense preference’ parameters for all contract
adopters in both the pre- and post-adoption states, and for a matched control group of non-adopters over the same period.
Our results show that contract adoption leads to reduced expense preference behavior, but that this result depends critically
on the input being examined.
相似文献
Kathleen CareyEmail: |
17.
Mohammad Nourani Qian Long Kweh Evelyn Shyamala Devadason V.G.R. Chandran 《Managerial and Decision Economics》2020,41(6):885-901
The insurance industry worldwide has become less fragmented through liberalization reforms. Yet, following the transformational changes, there is little empirical evidence on identifying the determinants of managerial efficiency. This paper employs a truncated regression analysis to determine the factors driving managerial efficiency of Malaysian insurers. Overall and divisional efficiencies are derived using data envelopment analysis. The decomposition analysis reveals that the observed inefficiency is mainly caused by investment capability division. The regression findings reveal that determinants of efficiency have dissimilar impacts on overall and divisional efficiencies. This study broadly supports financial liberalization as a means of promoting managerial efficiency. 相似文献
18.
Mariarosaria Agostino Sabrina Ruberto Francesco Trivieri 《Journal of Productivity Analysis》2018,50(1-2):25-40
Linking the theoretical predictions of the research on lending relationships with those of the literature on managerial incentives, we investigate whether the duration of credit relationships impacts on SMEs’ technical efficiency. Our hypothesis is that the balance between costs and benefits of enduring banking relationships might have heterogeneous effects on managers’ incentives depending on the level of firms’ indebtedness. Using a large sample of European SMEs, observed in the period 2001–2008, and adopting both parametric and non-parametric measures of efficiency, we find that the positive impact of longer lending relationships on efficiency decreases as indebtedness increases, suggesting that moral hazard problems may endanger firms’ technical efficiency. 相似文献
19.
M. Teresa Anguera Angel Blanco-Villaseñor José Luis Losada Pedro Sánchez-Algarra Anthony J. Onwuegbuzie 《Quality and Quantity》2018,52(6):2757-2770
The literature on mixed methods and multimethods has burgeoned over the last 20 years, and researchers from a growing number and diversity of fields have progressively embraced these approaches. However, rapid growth in any movement inevitably gives rise to gaps or shortcomings, such as “identity crises” or divergent conceptual views. Although some authors draw a clear and sometimes opinionated distinction between mixed methods and multimethods, for others, they are synonymous. The concepts underlying both terms therefore have become blurred and generated much confusion. The aim of this article is to explore the origins of the confusion, describe our view of mixed methods and multimethod studies, and by doing so, help to clearly delineate the two concepts. The authors have presented their opinion of how these terms and concepts should be distinguished and call for a constructive debate of the issues involved in the mixed methods and multimethod literature. This is a way truly to propel the field forward. 相似文献
20.
Patrick M. Bernet Michael D. Rosko Vivian G. Valdmanis Anatoly Pilyavsky William E. Aaronson 《Journal of Productivity Analysis》2008,29(2):103-111
Ukraine’s recent elections revealed deep divisions between eastern regions, which favored central economic planning, and western
regions, which preferred more free market reforms. This study compares polyclinics in Ukraine to see if the inflexibility
of Soviet-style planned economies results in lower economic efficiency in eastern regions. Using data from two geopolitical
regions, Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) scores for polyclinic efficiencies are modeled as a function of demographic and economic
determinants. Surprisingly, results indicate that polyclinics in western Ukraine are less efficient. Possible explanations,
including case mix intensity, responsiveness to local preferences, physician entrepreneurial behavior and a legacy of inequitable
funding, are discussed.
相似文献
Vivian G. ValdmanisEmail: |