城市综合业务数据仓库的设计与应用

一、方案背景 １．存在问题 海南建行于１９９５年建立了联机事务处理的城市综合业务数据全集中网络系统（以下简称“城综网”），经过多年的业务拓展，城综网各业务数据一一会计、储蓄、信用卡及公积金等已积累了大量的信息，在日常管理工作中，如下问题迫切地需要解决。 （１）几年来城综网数据库存放了大量的业务流水、客户和银行的资料信息等，运行业务系统被历史数据占用了较大的磁盘空间，为系统备份和恢复等日常维护工作增加了很大的负担，同时严重地降低了部分应用系统的运行处理能力。 （二）随着金融系统改革的深入和同业竞争的加…     

凭风好借力--利用 Second Copy进行远程备份的原理及实现

在金融电子化业务快速发展的今天，建立适合于本单位的备份系统，对实现历史数据查询、维护数据安全、提高防范数据风险的能力是非常重要的。     

SQL查询语句的动态生成

海南建行城综网已上线使用,其主机系统使用AIX操作系统和Informix数据库,中间件采用Tuxedo,柜面系统使用Sco UNIX操作系统和In-formix数据库,这也是众多金融系统当前普遍采用的模式。银行业务中数据查询是柜员使用频繁的功能之一,在综合业务系统中包括分户账、明细账、登记簿、标准参数表等在内需要查询的表不下200个,柜面系统可以根据SQL语句的特点开发一个动态生成查询界面和语句的功能,实现系统数据的动态查询。在业务运行中增加表格查询或修改查询条件只需要修改查询字典,柜员申请标准数据后即可使用新的查询功能,避免了柜面程序的修改和更新。     

虚拟技术在国库业务系统上的应用

国库业务系统中,国库会计核算系统和财税库银横向联网系统是十分重要的系统。根据国库会计管理规定的要求,每日日终处理结束后,必须在备机上恢复备份数据以验证备份数据是否完整可用。以宁德中支为例,最初的做法是:业务人员每天在客户端上通过异地自动备份收到主机的日终后备份文件,第二天压缩后将它复制到移动硬盘,到计算机机     

提高银行微机数据双备份和数据恢复速度的方法

提高银行微机数据双备份和数据恢复速度的方法工商银行安徽省东至县支行张安华目前，金融系统微机大多采用多用户ＸＥＮＩＸＳｙｓｔｅｍＶ，由于银行业务量大，处理数据多，在日终端数据处理时，为确保日终顺利进行和数据的恢复，必须先对白天业务数推进行双备份，才能进...     

数据中心机房集中监控系统的设计与实现

中国建设银行湖南省分行已于2001年9月完成了全省数据大集中。全省的城综网数据都集中在省分行科技处数据中心,数据的安全性与运行风险全部集中在数据中心机房。机房的环境设备如供配电系统、空调、UPS、消防等,为保障全省城综网的安全运行提供重要的辅助支持。一旦机房环境设备出现故障,就会影响到全省城综网应用系统的正常运行环境,对数据传输、存储及系统运行的可靠性构     

谈城市综合网计算机系统安全

建设银行张家口分行城市综合网络系统（简称城综网）包含储蓄、会计、信用卡等银行业务，其计算机操作系统基于Unix操作平台，Informix数据库，TCP/IP网络平台。虽然Unix安全性能已达到美国国防部的C2级安全标准，是一个相对安全、严密的系统，但随着银行计算机应用的大规模普及，计算机应用潜在的风险越来越大。为保障银行电子化业务正常运行，防范金融计算机犯罪和黑客的侵入，加强城综网计算机系统安全已是迫在眉睫。城综网计算机系统安全包括：操作系统安全、数据库安全、网络系统安全等。　　一、操作系统安全　　操作系统安全是城…     

AIX操作系统下应用系统的维护与性能优化

应用维护是一项细致的工作，在工作中除了要求技术人员工作严谨、认真负责外，还要求技术人员必须具备在各种突发事件中较高的处理能力和工作经验。随着工商银行两大数据中心的建立，工行核心业务数据集中到数据中心，各一级分行的工作重点转移到柜面业务系统、综合前置系统和历史数据查询系统等外围系统的维护工作方面，其中AIX操作系统在工行的使用比较广泛。在应用维护方面，工行使用AIX操作系统的应用主要有：综合前置系统、跨行支付系统、客户对账系统、历史数据查询系统、国际业务结算系统5个应用系统。     

大型数据中心数据备份管理的方法与实践

为了确保系统持续稳定运行，并满足金融监管部门等对历史数据的查询需要，数据备份管理面临更高的要求。数据中心作为银行信息系统的核心，有效的数据备份管理尤为重要。因其数据具有来源复杂、数据量大的特点，要做好大型数据中心的备份管理，需关注以下儿个问题。     

吉林省建行金融电子化建设助推业务发展

本刊讯“科技领先，商机无限”吉林省建行的员工们对这句话有着尤为深刻的认识和理解。近几年，行长查询系统、局域网、企业网、综合业务网等金融电子化新技术新成果不断应用到各项业务当中，为吉林省建行的经营发展创造了广阔的发展空间和无限商机。吉林省建行金融电子化发展近几年逐步升级，从１９９４年长春、延边开通城综网到资金清算网、龙卡网络的相继开通；从单纯面向客户的营业系统的开通到信贷管理信息系统、人力资源系统和办公自动化等内部管理系统的运行，２０００年７月１日，吉林省建行综合业务网络处理系统率先在全省范围内全…     

Almanac of anticipations: The age of affluence—of anticipation—of anxiety—of automation—of discontinuity—of longing—of overkill—of space exploration

With this survey of developments in the futures field since 1945, I.F. Clarke completes his present series for Futures. He makes two major points: that forecasting techniques have become essential tools in the management of change; and that nuclear weapons and ecological problems have added a moral dimension to the study of the future. In the next issue of Futures he will start a new series on the range of future-thinking in the USA, from the expectations of the first settlers to the Star Wars programme.     

基金公司经营融资融券业务的问题审视

融资融券业务正式运营已经开展,为证券市场带来了革命性的改革,作为证券市场的一大主体,基金公司面对融资融券也迎来了新的发展方向和挑战,本文从融资融券业务的运行机制入手,分析了基金公司融资融券的新契机,并对其即将面临的问题进行审视和剖析,进而提出策略建议.     

对基层人民银行科技工作的几点建议

银监会分设后,人民银行将专司货币政策、金融稳定、金融服务三大职能。作为人民银行的分支机构,基层人民银行的工作重心也将从金融监管调整到这三大职能上来。人民银行的科技部门,就要积极运用科技手段,为人民银行履行新的职能发挥“服务、支持、促进、发展”的作用。一、围绕三大职能搭建五大平台经过“六五打基础、七五作准备、八五大发展”几个阶段后,人民银行相继实现了核算电算化、清算网络化和办公信息化。特别是近一两年来,陆续开通了大额支付系统、信贷登记咨询系统、会计四集中系统、金融信息服务网站等系统,人民银行信息化水平又…     

The Usefulness of Measures of Consistency of Discretionary Components of Accruals in the Detection of Earnings Management

Abstract:  Prior research has shown the prevalence of measurement error in models used to estimate aggregate discretionary accruals. In these models, the incremental information content of the various components of accruals is ignored. Limited prior research and data gathered from firms under Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) litigation indicate that managers use either one or more than one component of accruals simultaneously, in a consistent way to manipulate bottom-line earnings in a given direction. I propose two measures that capture the consistency between the discretionary components of accruals and test their significance in earnings management (EM) detection in firms that have artificially added accrual manipulation and firms that were targeted by the SEC for accrual manipulation. There is evidence that this information is incrementally useful in detecting EM. This finding paves the way for improvements in the discretionary accruals measure by including consistency information from the components of aggregate accruals.     

社会主义所有制形式的改革、完善与共产党执政能力的提高

在中国,所有制形式的调整、改革与完善,先进生产力的发展,党的执政能力建设,是社会主义建设过程中密切结合在一起的三个不同层面的发展关系.应在相互促进和共同提高中促进社会的和谐发展,保证社会主义现代化建设战略目标的顺利实现.     

Summary of Results of Survey of Seminar Attendees

Abstract

The Society of Actuaries undertook a three-phase research project on mortality improvement in the three NAFTA countries: Canada, Mexico, and the U.S. Phase 1 consisted of a literature review of papers on projecting mortality levels in the future and a study of the trend in mortality improvement during this century. Phase 2 consisted of a discussion of different facets of modeling mortality rates at a seminar attended by 79 experts (actuaries, demographers, economists, and medical researchers) representing different countries. The last session of the seminar consisted of the completion of a survey by the attendees to obtain input for Phase 3, which would analyze the impact of mortality improvement on the social security system of each country. This paper summarizes the results of the survey.

The survey results illustrate the difficulty in forecasting mortality levels, because the effects of many factors that could have significant impact on mortality rates are unknown. This suggests the need for dynamic forecasting, which allows for the possibility of random shocks. A majority of the survey respondents believe that stochastic forecasting models, despite their complexity, have significant potential to add value. Respondents also believe that both historical data and cause-specific mortality forecasts are useful as input and also in validating forecasts of the aggregate levels of mortality. The challenge is to develop more sophisticated forecasting models to produce results that are relatively easy to interpret and to communicate these results to the desired audiences, including the public and policymakers.

The survey results suggest that the aggregate effect of lifestyle changes, medical advances, diseases, catastrophe, and physical environmental changes is an increase in life span. However, there is much uncertainty about the future. Respondents expect that beyond the year 2020 the mean annual rate of reduction in mortality for males age 65 and over will average about 0.58% for Canada, 0.76% for Mexico, and 0.67% for the U.S. The results for the female age 65 and over population are 0.64%, 0.83%, and 0.70%, respectively. The age 65 and over population is expected to see larger percentage reductions in mortality than the 0–14 and 15–64 populations. The reductions in male and female mortality will be ultimately the same, and the mortality levels in the three countries will ultimately converge, although differences may persist for decades.     

银行软件项目外包管理分析

一、引言随着国民经济的不断发展,银行业务与外部企业的联系越来越密切。银行正逐步成为现代经济活动的中心,作为数据处理核心的银行业务应用也越来越大型化、越来越复杂化,因此许多银行也把软件项目逐步由原来的自主开发转变为与公司合作的方式,或直接外包开发的方式,银行本身的技术人员也逐步由开发转向项目管理。二、项目外包的分类银行项目的外包有以下几种情况:①部分子系统外包,有时由于银行的软件项目太大,单靠银行自身的开发力量基本无法在预定的时间内完成项目,只好把相对独立的部分外包;②直接购买软件公司的成熟产品,有些金融软…     

银行管理信息平台建设发展的思考

一、目前国内银行IT发展现状及面临的问题 银行数据集中工作的完成,标志着银行的业务由电子化建设阶段转入信息化建设阶段.一方面银行数据的集中提供了丰富全面的基础数据,面对日益庞大的数据源,如何将数字转化为对银行有用的信息,并从中发现知识,为银行的经营决策提供支持,是摆在银行IT人员面前的一个亟待解决的问题.另一方面用户对银行信息的需求日益增长,如果银行没有一套完整、实用的信息管理系统,将对业务发展非常不利.南京爱立信公司倒戈花旗银行事件曾经轰动一时,其中一个重要原因就是中国本地银行不能满足爱立信全球总部对南京爱立信公司的要求:每周财务上报和每天贷款限额管理.这一事件为中国商业银行的未来发展敲响了警钟,如果不加快管理信息系统的开发,迅速提升业务管理水平,类似的事件还会接连不断地发生,并最终导致国内商业银行在同国外商业银行的竞争中全面溃败.     

Separation of Unit of Account from Medium of Exchange

The separation of a unit of account (UoA) from a medium of exchange (MoE) in the commodity–money system is investigated by considering explicitly a seller's choice of UoA in terms of either an MoE or a unit of metal weight. If the likelihood of debasement of an MoE and its rate are high enough, the price is posted in terms of a unit of metal weight rather than an MoE. Interestingly, this MoE–UoA separated equilibrium yields the flexible nominal price, whereas an MoE–UoA integrated equilibrium yields the sticky one. This implies the nominal price rigidity in the fiat‐money system where MoE and UoA are integrated.     

Properties of time-series estimates of degree of leverage measures

Empirical studies suggest that time-series regression estimates of the degrees of operating and financial leverage have a tendency to produce measures less than one. According to ex ante theory, these measures should be greater than one for firms operating above the breakeven point. There have also been suggestions that the biases in these estimates may be attributable to an underlying increase in unit sales. This work presents evidence that these counter-intuitive measures are produced by changes in the firm's operating parameters (unit price, variable cost, fixed cost and interest payments). It further suggests that attempts to control for the underlying change in unit sales substantially increase the volatility of predicted estimates.