日本农业法人经营现状及发展趋势

日本农业法人经营是建立在日本传统的农户经营基础上的一种农业经营形式。经过近30年演变，最近几年在新的世界农业贸易自由化的冲击下，正在发生由渐变到突变的转换，但保护耕地和提高土地利用效率仍是演变的主轴。     

家庭农场是我国农业现代化最适合的组织形式

现有的农村经营体制不适合农业现代化的发展，而家庭农场经营体制有利于农业的集约化、专业化、规模化、产业化经营，现阶段家庭农场是我国农业现代化最适合的组织形式，我们要采取各种措施，为家庭农场经营体制的产生创造条件。     

在参与农业产业化中大显身手

农业产业化是以市场为导向，以家庭承包经营为基础，依靠各类龙头企业、合作组织和中介组织带动，将生产、加工、销售各环节有机结合．实施一体化经营的农业经营方式。一体化经营是农业产业化经营的基本特点，它是一种经营模式，包括横向一体化和纵向一体化。作为农民合作经济组织的供销社，有责任和义务组织分散的农民．形成共同体，不断提高农民的组织化程度，扩大农民经营的规模效应，降低交易成本，增加农民经营农产品的附加值．引导和帮助农民走上专业化、规模化、商品化、企业化经营道路，从而提高农业的经营效益．促使农业形成自我积累机制、增强农业的自身发展能力。这是时代赋予供销社的使命．也是提高供销社自身价值的有效途径。     

产业链构建是产业化经营的关键

农业产业化经营，是以农业生产为发端的经营活动，是农业产业链条的延伸。通过产业链的延伸，实现农产品的广度深度开发和多次转化增值，克服传统农业的弱质特征，有效地提高农业比较效益，谋求产业的整体效益。所谓产业链，是指产业间通过“投入—产出”关系而形成的一种有机联系。农业产业化经营是一项宏大的系统工程，它既包括布局区域化、生产专业化、经营一体化、经济规模化，又包括管理企业化、服务社会化以及其他诸多宏观政策调整和微观主体改造的内容。只有通过产业链，才能把农业与其他产业有机结合起来，实现农业的产业化经营。因…     

农业土地规模化经营发展的误区及建议——对东北粮食主产区的考察

本文通过对东北粮食主产区的实地考察．对当前农业土地规模化经营发展出现的误区进行探讨．进一步加深了对农业土地规模化经营的认识．并提出发展农业土地规模化经营的建议。     

增加农业经营性投资发展农业产业化经营

经过改革开放以来20多年的发展，二、三产业逐渐已成为浙江农民收入的主渠道，不少地区出现了农民无心经营土地、农业生产兼业化的趋势，与此同时，农业小规模家庭经营与千变万化大市场的矛盾越来越突出；普通大田作物竞争力不断下降，而设施农业由于投资巨大，一般农户又无力经营。种种现状要求在政府增加农业基础设施投入的基础上，由业主增加对农业经营性的投资，实现以规模化、专业化、区域化生产和产加销一体化为特征、以效益为目标的农业产业化经营，以大工业生产方式重组我省农业，全面提高我省农业竞争力。     

一个农业大县的现代化征途

土地流转是农村土地使用权的一次变革。通过土地流转，有效促进了商水农业规模化经营和机械化耕作，提高了产出效益，全县农业逐步由分散、粗放型经营，向专业化、集约化、产业化发展，加速了传统农业向现代农业的转变。     

农村合作经济组织发展正当其时

发展农村合作经济组织,是对农业和农村原有生产方式、经营模式、体制机制的改革和创新,是广大农村干部群众适应社会主义市场经济发展需要的重大创举。加快发展农村合作经济组织,是提高农民组织化程度、促进农村社会化分工和农业规模化经营的重要形式,是降低农业市     

农业企业化——成都新农村建设之路

农业企业化．是指在工业化、城市化进程较快、农村劳动力转移较为充分的地区．在坚持党的农村土地承包制度长期稳定不变的前提下．按照农地所有权、承包权和经营使用权“三权分离”的原则．深化农地经营制度改革．明确农户承包土地的财产权．搞活土地经营使用权．促进农地的流转和集中．加快农业经营主体从传统分散的自然农户向规模经营的农业企业和法人农户转变．农业生产经营方式从传统的“自然农户经济”向“法人农户经济”转变的发展过程．     

发展农业产业化经营增强我国农业国际竞争力

一、明确发展农业产业化经营的指导思想、战略目标和基本原则 （一）指导思想 发展农业产业化经营的指导思想是：以科学发展观为统领，围绕农业和农村经济结构战略性调整和增加农民收入这条主线，遵循市场经济规律，以体制创新、经营机制创新和技术创新为动力，大力提高农业产业化经营的水平，促进农业整体素质和效益的提高，增强农业参与国际竞争的能力，为实现农业现代化奠定坚实基础。     

Penetration and Post-infection Development of Meloidogyne Incognita on Tobacco as Treated by Rhizobacteria Pseudomonas Fluorescens Strain P-72-10

The bio-control potential of rhizospere bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens against plant-parasite nematode had been demonstrated. P. fluorescens had shown the effect to enhance tobacco resistance to root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita. Inoculation with P. fluoreseens in tobacco could lead to significant reductions in the number of juveniles that penetrated tobacco root and further life stage development of the juveniles. The number of juveniles penetrated into tobac- co root in treatment with P. fluorescens is significantly different from CK at 2DAI, 6DAI, 8DAI and 10DAI. Significant reduction and delayed development of juveniles that penetrated into tobacco root and treated were observed in treatment at 14DAI, 21DAI, 28DAI and 35DAI. In addition, P. fluoreseens treatment leads to a significant reduction in the number of eggs per egg-mass at 35 DAI. The results show P. fluorescens induced a continuously suppression on root-knot nema- tode M. incognita throughout their entire early infection phase of root penetration, subsequent life stage development and reproduction.     

利用膜技术回收利用碱性废水研究进展

回顾了利用膜分离技术处理碱性废水的工艺与综合利用技术所取得的丰硕成果，总结了各种治理方法的特点、适用性及发展方向。     

Taxing Times in Indonesia: The Challenge of Restoring Competitiveness and the Search for Fiscal Space

Indonesia’s economic growth picked up slightly in mid-2016 but remains below the level demanded by government and popular aspirations. Despite a plethora of reforms intended to increase efficiency and productivity, some policies are perverse and longstanding problems of implementation remain. The share of manufacturing has declined, the real exchange rate has appreciated, exports have dwindled, and growth has been trending downwards. The banking sector is stable but inefficient, with wide net interest margins and numerous barriers to competition. Trade protection, particularly in basic food commodities, has created high costs that weigh particularly heavily on the poor. Declining government revenues have placed increasing pressure on the public budget, even as the current administration aims to increase spending on infrastructure and welfare and to enhance productivity. In an effort to increase revenues, the government has announced a tax amnesty program and other measures. In addition, Sri Mulyani Indrawati, the new finance minister, has taken steps to cut non-essential expenditure in order to secure high spending on infrastructure and at the same time keep within the 3% budget deficit limit stipulated by law. Although the overall debt situation is not yet alarming, declining revenues and budget cuts that do not fully reflect this decline are putting pressure on increasing debt levels. The government’s high-profile tax amnesty program was the major policy initiative implemented in the second half of 2016 that aimed to relieve this pressure. Despite widespread criticism of, and scepticism about, the tax amnesty (both within and outside Indonesia), its first phase had a much higher participation rate than most independent accounts expected. Revenues raised so far through the amnesty are less than 60% of the official target, but this is actually a strong result for the short term. The bigger question, however, is whether the amnesty is a key element of a more encompassing strategy to overhaul the system of taxation and tax administration.     

我国发展天文旅游的条件、前景探析及策略思考

天文旅游资源从成因可以分为行星地球天文旅游资源、天体天文旅游资源和天文文化旅游资源三类。天文旅游方兴未艾,我国天文旅游具有很大发展前景。文章对我国开展天文旅游的条件进行了分析,对发展天文旅游的策略和措施进行了梳理。     

城市社会的开放与农民的城市化

城市社会在对农民的开放与封闭之中徘徊。改革开放后城市社会对农民的开放已经使很多农民城市化。城市社会对农民的封闭已由政策性封闭转向经济性封闭。城市社会对农民的封闭增加了农民城市化的成本和社会风险。必须加强城市社会对农民的开放,逐步消除对农民的封闭政策,以推进农民的城市化。     

The causes of Japan's ‘lost decade’: The role of household consumption

In this paper, I analyze the causes of the prolonged slowdown of the Japanese economy in the 1990s and find that the stagnation of investment, especially private fixed investment, was the primary culprit. I then investigate the causes of the stagnation of household consumption during the 1990s and find that the stagnation of household disposable income, the decline in household wealth, and increased uncertainty about the future are among the contributing factors. Finally, I consider whether demand side factors or supply side factors were more important as causes of the prolonged slowdown of the Japanese economy in the 1990s and conclude that the former (especially misguided government policies) were probably more important.     

信息化时代商学院图书馆的建设与发展——中、美四大名校商学院图书馆建设的比较与启示

信息化时代中美商学院图书馆的建设与发展,成为当今时代高等商学教育发展与进步的一个重要环节,对中美四大商学院图书馆的发展状况、差距进行分析比较,对促进我国商学院图书馆事业的改革、建设和发展具有一定的启示作用和参考价值。