从毛泽东到胡锦涛——中国区域经济思想的历史演变

区域经济是国民经济的重要组成部分.区城经济发展战略的制定,关系到一个国家经济发展战略和经济绩效.建国五十多年来,我国区城经济发展思想经过了从平衡发展、非均衡发展、区域协调发展到区域经济一体化的演变过程,并在不同的时期,影响着我国区域经济政策的制定,对国民经济的发展产生重大影响.对从毛泽东到胡锦涛的中国历代领导人的区域经济思想进行述评,揭示了中国区域经济思想的历史演变.     

中国区域经济发展的战略选择

我国区域经济的发展战略经历了从重视公平到重视效率再到和谐发展的三个过程,其中阶段性的非均衡协调发展战略在当今以及今后相当长的一段时间内将成为我国区域经济发展战略的主旋律,和谐区域的发展战略将成为下一阶段发展战略的主体。     

中国区域经济发展的战略选择

我国区域经济的发展战略经历了从重视公平到重视效率再到和谐发展的三个过程,其中阶段性的非均衡协调发展战略在当今以及今后相当长的一段时间内将成为我国区域经济发展战略的主旋律,和谐区域的发展战略将成为下一阶段发展战略的主体.     

我国区域经济学研究的力作--评张可云教授的《区域经济政策》一书

区域经济政策是区域经济学研究的核心问题之一,也是现代区域经济学的重要组成部分。尤其是,对于像中国这样一个地区差异悬殊且面临着诸多复杂区域问题的发展中大国来说,制定并实施科学有效的区域经济政策,将是国家经济政策的重要组成部分,也是国家调控和协调区域经济发展,优化资源空间配置的重要手段。     

美,德两国区域经济发展政策的比较及启示

区域经济是一个国家国民经济的重要组成部分，区域经济政策对区域经济的发展至关重要。如何发展和协调区域经济，国外一些经济发达在区域经济发展政策方面有很多成功的范例。本文通过对美、德两国促进国内区域经济发展政策特点、主要主制定和实施的比较研究，旨在为我国发展区域提供一些可供借鉴的经验。     

构筑河北区域发展新格局的财政对策研究

当前,河北区域经济发展面临着千载难逢的历史机遇,河北沿海地区发展上升为国家战略,京津冀区域经济一体化、首都经济圈纳入国家"十二五"规划,冀中南地区列为国家重点开发区域。财政作为政府履行职能的重要物质基础、体制保障、监管手段和政策工具,在区域经济发展战略实施过程中承担着艰巨而光荣的历史使命。基于此,河北省财政厅、河北省财政学会2011年谋划了与之相关的四项重大课题,分别由一个设区市财政局牵头,相关市、县财政局参加,进行联合攻关。同时,举办了河北省中青年财政理论研究会专题论坛,开展了有奖征文活动。课题研究取得了一系列成果,有些已转化为财政政策和工作部署。现将主要成果编发,希望能够对促进我国区域经济发展产生一些积极作用。     

区域税收分配与区域经济发展

区间经济发展不平衡及其矛盾影响了经济公平和社会公平,影响了经济效率和社会效率,区域税收分配失衡是造成地区经济发展不平衡的一个不可忽视的原因.本文对地区间税收分配与区域经济发展进行了比较深入透彻的研究,并借鉴国外的先进经验对该问题提出一些政策建议.     

国外区域金融促进区域经济发展的成功案例分析

区域金融支持是区域经济研究的一个方面,20世纪90年代中期以后,随着我国经济发展战略从强调效率的"非均衡"发展转变为兼顾公平的区域协调发展,区域金融研究就成为我国金融理论界兴起的新的研究领域。国外区域金融促进区域经济发展有很多成功的先例,所以选取美国、日本两个发达国家和巴西、印度两个发展中国家的成功案例进行分析,以求从中获得启迪。     

从增长极理论看东北老工业基地的振兴

振兴东北老工业基地不仅关系到东北地区的经济发展和社会安定，而且关系到国家的整体经济发展和结构性调整的全局，甚至关系国家安全和国际战略。现在正值国家实施东北老工业基地振兴战略之机，东北各省基于国家的基本战略，纷纷开始了振兴计划，加强对制定振兴政策的研究显得十分迫切。振兴东北老工业基地的实质在于区域经济的振兴，本文仅从区域经济发展的角度对振兴东北老工业基地提出政策上的建议。     

论转型时期我国区域政策的目标取向及其调整思路

本文通过对我国现行区域经济政策体系的分析评价、认为随着地区经济发展格局以及区域经济运行机制的相应变化。区域经济政策目标转型十分必要。协调发展、效率与公平兼顾将成为下一阶段我国区域经济政策的主要目标取向。为了实现这种目标转型、重新调整我国的区域经济政策思路势在必然。     

Pluralism,the Lucas Critique,and the Integration of Macroeconomics and Microeconomics

Mainstream macroeconomics has pursued ‘micro founded’ models based on the explicit optimization by representative agents. The result has been a long and wasteful detour. But elements of the Lucas critique are relevant, also for heterodox economists. Challenging common heterodox views on microeconomics and formalization, this paper argues that (i) economic models should not be based purely on empirically observed regularities, (ii) heterodox economists must be able to tell an integrated story about goal-oriented micro behavior in a specific macro environment, and (iii) relatively simple analytical models have an essential role to play.     

Uncertainty,trust, and the regulation of the banking industry

This paper suggests that, in presence of uncertainty, individual choices are made on the basis of subjective evaluations, and the transmission of information is too expensive, so that the decision-making process must largely be based on other agents’ knowledge. Banks operate by developing a network of personal relationships, based on trust, that allows agents to make use of the subjective knowledge of others. The deregulation process of the financial industry of the 1990s was based on the principle that information disclosure would make the market for securities more efficient, increasing risk diversification, and making the financial system safer. Many innovative financial contracts, however, were not backed by trust and reputation mechanism as traditional banking activities. The shadow banking system emerging from these market-based transactions was thus much more risky and fragile than the traditional one, based on private information and unwritten rules of conduct.     

Taxation, growth, and the spirit of capitalism

This paper uses a general two-sector model of endogenous growth to examine how the spirit of capitalism affects the relation between public finance and growth. The spirit of capitalism is defined as acquisitive personal objectives. We find that if the spirit of capitalism is present, an increase in the share of government spending in output reduces the long-run growth rate. The negative relationship between fiscal spending and growth is consistent with empirical evidence.     

Climate,diseases, and the origins of corruption

It has been commonly observed that tropical countries tend to suffer from intense corruption and underdevelopment. This study provides an explanation for this long-standing disparity across the world based on variation in the intensity of ultraviolet radiation (UV-R). The central hypothesis is that UV-R is positively associated with the (historical) prevalence of eye diseases, which significantly shortens work-life expectancy as a skilled worker. This helps shape the worldwide distribution of corruption by affecting the incumbents' window of opportunity. Using data for up to 139 countries, I consistently find empirical support for the positive relationship between UV-R and corruption. The main findings withstand accounting for numerous alternative explanations for international differences in corruption levels. Employing individual-level data from the World Values Survey, I document suggestive evidence that exposure to UV-R is linked to surveyed respondents' tolerance towards corrupt activities. Furthermore, a subnational analysis for China lends credence to the cross-country evidence.     

Education, corruption, and the distribution of income

We examine how the interaction between education and corruption affects institutional reform and economic development. While corruption reduces average income and education, education increases not only output and hence potential corruption rents, but also produces more informed electorates that better monitor government actions. We find that economies with intermediate levels of education remain in a poverty trap since the level of skills creates sufficient corruption rents but not enough monitoring. Economies with low or high levels of education can escape the poverty trap, and inequality plays a key role in determining whether this occurs through a change in institutions or an expansion of education.     

Taxation,inflation, and the terms of trade

The interaction between changes in the rate of inflation and tax systems can have potential terms of trade effects. An open-economy macroeconomic model is presented in which such effects are analyzed. The asset menu consists of money, corporate capital whose nominal income is subject to taxation, and consumer durables whose return is tax exempt. This may be contrasted with the conventional menu of money and capital and/or bonds. Durables are imported. An increase in the rate of inflation then implies that the terms of trade of the country in question deteriorates in the long run.     

Search,Dealers, and the Terms of Trade

I study a search-theoretic model with pairwise meetings where dealers arise endogenously. The extent of intermediation depends on its cost, trade frictions, and the dealers' ability to negotiate favorable terms of trade. Under Nash bargaining, there is a unique equilibrium where dealers buy and hold the low-storage-cost good and, depending on their relative bargaining power, resell it at a premium or a discount. The distribution of the terms of trade is nondegenerate unless storage cost and frictions vanish. Due to an externality created by intermediation, the efficient allocation can be achieved only if dealers can charge a positive markup.