对资产管理公司处置不良资产的探讨

资产管理公司成立三年以来f信达公司成立四年），处置不良资产取得了显著的成效，四大国有商业银行不良资产比率在降低，利润在增加，负担在减轻，有的取得明显成效已上报上市的方案，本文通过对资产管理公司三年来的处置不良资产运作，就四个方面提出探讨。     

试论资产管理公司业务运作退出方式的选择

四大金融资产公司在我国的成立可谓是金融改革进程中的一次制度创新。按照国家规定，我国四大资产管理公司的存在期限为10年，这就决定了资产管理人成立那天起便选择了一条以市场化的业务运作来达到否定自身、实现市场退出的道路。在这个过程中，资产管理公司业务运作手段的选择构成了其将来能否成功退出的关键因素。本文借鉴国际资产管理公司的运作经验，从我国金融资产管理公司在运作过程中对不良资产化解的方式出发，对我国资产管理公司业务运作的现实选择进行比较分析，并在此基础上力图对其顺利实现业务运作的退出方式作出进一步探索。     

金融资产管理公司动作中的问题及建议

鉴于我国银行业资产质量不高、潜在金融风险较大的现实，为防范和化解金融风险，进一步促进国有企业改革，经国务院批准，1999年我国先后成立了信达、东方、长城、华融四家资产管理公司，旨在收购、管理和处置四家国有独资商业银行的不良资产。资产管理公司成立以来，在不良资产的收购、管理与处置方面取得了一定的成绩，但同时也面临着许多困难和问题。     

金融资产管理公司商业化转型时期业务创新与风险防范问题探析

1999年,我国政府为化解四大国有商业银行不良资产,相继成立了信达、华融、长城和东方四家金融资产管理公司。经过十来年的成功运作,四家资产管理公司在完成国有商业银行不良资产处置回收的历史使命后,逐步向综合性金融服务商转型。资产管理公司由政策性机构向商业性机构转型过渡,没有现成可借鉴的模式和经验,只有通过创新才能实现转型发展。     

试论资产管理公司业务运作退出方式的选择

四大金融资产管理公司在我国的成立可谓是金融改革进程中的一次制度创新.按照国家规定,我国四大资产管理公司的存在期限为10年,这就决定了资产管理公司从成立那天起便选择了一条以市场化的业务运作来达到否定自身、实现市场退出的道路.在这个过程中,资产管理公司业务运作手段的选择构成了其将来能否成功退出的关键因素.本文借鉴国际资产管理公司的运作经验,从我国金融资产管理公司在运作过程中对不良资产化解的方式出发,对我国资产管理公司业务运作的现实选择进行比较分析,并在此基础上力图对其顺利实现业务运作的退出方式作出进一步探索.     

转轨：金融资产管理公司面临的新课题

1999年，作为我国金融体制改革深化和借鉴不良资产处置国际经验的产物，信达、东方、长城、华融四家资产管理公司相继成立，分别承接并处置从中国建设银行、中国银行、中国农业银行以及中国工商银行剥离的近1．4万亿元不良资产。时至今日，随着资产处置工作的深入开展，金融资产管理公司无论在所剩资产规模，资产质量、     

法律视角解读国有银行不良资产剥离

自从1999年国务院设立华融、长城、信达、东方四大金融资产管理公司分别收购、管理和处置中国工商银行、中国农业银行、中国建设银行和中国银行不良资产以来，金融资产管理公司(或从资产管理公司受让不良资产的第三人)和原不良资产剥离银行之间基于不良资产剥离合同产生的不良资产剥离纠纷不断出现。最高人民法院颁布的《关于审理涉及金融资产管理公司收购、管理、处置国有银行不良贷款形成的资产的案件适用法律若干问题的规定》，     

不良资产处置过程中的风险点及其风险控制体系探讨

在不良资产处置过程中，如何识别存在的风险并及时加以预防，以实现中良资产回收价值最大化的经营目标是各资产管理公司面临的最大问题。资产管理公司作为政策性公司，在资产收购时就埋下许多处置隐，作为新生事物，在具体处置过程中，由于政府、企业、银行、资产管理公司等多方利益的关联，政治、经济、政策、法律环境的限制，人才、技术、信息、管理因素的制约，使其在实际运作中风险丛生。本文着重对处置起始环节、内部流程环节和组织实施环节的风险点进行了详尽考察，指出资产管理公司在实际运作中只有明确资产处置各项业务的关键环节和风险点，建立完备的风险控制体系，才能顺利完成不良资产的管理和处置任务。     

不良资产打包批发处置应注意的若干问题

我国金融资产管理公司（AMC）经过五年的处置运作后、2004年财政部制定了AMC资产处置回收目标考核责任制方案，明确了2006年底前完成政策性债权资产处置任务的最后期限，采用打包批发处置方式已成为四家AMC剩余不良资产的共同选项。根据近年来在债权打包批发处置方面的实践经验，笔者认为要做好不良资产打包批发处置工作必须注意以下几方面的问题。[编者按]     

不良资产处置过程中的风险点及其风险控制体系探讨

在不良资产处置过程中,如何识别存在的风险并及时加以预防,以实现不良资产回收价值最大化的经营目标是各资产管理公司面临的最大问题.资产管理公司作为政策性公司,在资产收购时就埋下许多处置隐患,作为新生事物,在具体处置过程中,由于政府、企业、银行、资产管理公司等多方利益的关联,政治、经济、政策、法律环境的限制,人才、技术、信息、管理因素的制约,使其在实际运作中风险丛生.本文着重对处置起始环节、内部流程环节和组织实施环节的风险点进行了详尽考察,指出资产管理公司在实际运作中只有明确资产处置各项业务的关键环节和风险点,建立完备的风险控制体系,才能顺利完成不良资产的管理和处置任务.     

我国金融资产管理公司法人治理结构探析

我国四家金融资产管理公司已经成立并运行五年多,但是法人治理结构的缺陷严重影响了它们处置银行不良资产的效率。本文先从金融资产管理公司法人治理结构的概念结构和美国RTC的成功经验入手,进而深入分析了我国金融资产管理公司法人治理结构的缺陷所在,最后提出了优化我国金融资产管理公司法人治理结构的最优策略和次优策略。     

A Note on the Determinants of the Outcomes of Bankruptcy Petitions: Evidence From Korea

This study provides evidence on the determinants of the outcomes of bankruptcy petitions using Korean firms for the period from 1977 to 1994. We hypothesize that a firm with more free assets, less liquid assets, longer existing period, larger size, lower operating risk, and more goodwill would have higher survival prospects from the bankruptcy petition. The results from logit estimation confirm this hypothesis. The free assets, existing period, firm size, and goodwill have positive influence on the probability of reorganization, while the liquid assets, and operating risk are negatively related to the probability of reorganization. Among these variables, the free assets percentage is the most significant at the one percent level in determining the outcomes of bankruptcy petitions. This reveals that a bankrupt firm with more free assets tends to be reorganized because it would be easy to obtain additional financing needed for the successful reorganization. The liquid assets and existing period are also significant at the five percent level. We conclude that a firm with more free assets, less liquid assets, and longer existing period would have higher survival prospects in Korea.     

海尔地产的财资暖冬

位列中国房地产"第二方阵",计划再用五六年资产规模就赶超万科地产的海尔地产,背靠着海尔集团的资源和经验,在行业的"寒冬期"中正以独特的"暖冬"策略突围。     

Financial factors and firm growth: evidence from financial data on Taiwanese firms

We investigate the possible predictability of firm growth in Taiwan using cross-sectional data of financial factors for the years 1997 and 2003 via principal component analysis. Our results reveal that the 18 financial variables (sales growth rate, total assets, total sales, return on assets, return on equity, gross margin, operating cost minus depreciation divided by sales plus other trading income, acid test ratio, debt–equity ratio, time interest earned, average receivables per average daily sales, inventory, average payables per average daily sales, working capital, working capital as a fraction of total assets, long-term liabilities as a fraction of total assets, and sales as a fraction of net worth of the firm) that we employ bunch together into five different financial ratios for the years 1997 and 2003 that are stable between these years. These financial factors are short-term liquidity, return on investment, long-term liquidity, firm size and capital turnover. Regressing these ratio groups (extracted principal components) on firm growth, we find return on investment in the year 1997 was positively and significantly related to firm growth, while long-term solvency was negatively related to firm growth. In addition, smaller firms tended to grow faster. By 2003, larger firms grew faster than smaller ones and short-term liquidity was positively and significantly related to firm growth, while return on investment was no longer a significant determining factor. Our findings suggest that firms that finance internally or do not rely too heavily on indebtedness may end up growing slower during boom periods but they are the ones that survive and outperform after the bust.     

Should I stay or should I go? Bank productivity and internationalization decisions

Differences in firm-level productivity explain international activities of non-financial firms quite well. We test whether differences in bank productivity determine international activities of banks. Based on a dataset that allows tracking banks across countries and across different modes of foreign entry, we model the ordered probability of maintaining a commercial presence abroad and the volume of banks’ international assets empirically. Our research has three main findings. First, more productive banks are more likely to enter foreign markets in increasingly complex modes. Second, more productive banks also hold larger volumes of foreign assets. Third, higher risk aversion renders entry less likely, but it increases the volume of foreign activities conditional upon entry.     

Does bonding really bond? Liability of foreignness and cross-listing of Chinese firms on international stock exchanges

This study examines the relationship between cross-listing and firm valuation in the context of Chinese firms cross-listed on major international exchanges, such as the NASDAQ, New York Stock Exchange (NYSE), Hong Kong Main Board, Hong Kong Growth Enterprise Market (GEM), Singapore Stock Exchange, and London Alternative Investment Market (LAIM). Through the lenses of bonding theory and liability of foreignness-based multinational enterprise theories, two sets of alternative hypotheses are developed and tested using panel data over a period of twelve years during 2001–2012. Contrary to the bonding theory, the results reveal that the firms listed in Mainland China recorded better valuation than the firms cross-listed on the international stock exchanges. The more sophisticated corporate governance mechanisms applied in international stock exchanges do not always entail better firm valuation. Institutional distance, cultural distance and the distance in economic freedom between China and the cross-listing location countries interact with governance variables negatively affecting performance of cross-listed firms. The direct negative impact of the three distance variables on the firm valuation is also statistically significant. The outcome of Chinese firms’ cross-listing behaviours appears to contradict the general bonding theory.     

Does oil price uncertainty matter in firm innovation? Evidence from China

Inspired by the prevalence of firm innovation and substantial influence of international oil price uncertainty (OPU) on firm operation and decision-making, we investigate the influence of OPU on firm innovation. Using a sample of Chinese listed firms over the 2007–2019 period, our study reveals that OPU decreases firm innovation. This finding is consistent with the real options theory and the prospect theory. Mediation analysis shows that OPU could decrease firm innovation by increasing firms' financing constraints degree. Moreover, high-tech firms and those in highly competitive industries have fewer options to delay their innovation investments, we find that the adverse effects of OPU on their innovation are weaker. Finally, further analysis shows that government subsidies can help mitigate adverse effects of OPU on firm innovation. This paper reveals that OPU goes beyond the commonly known and understood regular indicator that shapes a firm's innovation activity and enriches firm-level evidence for the effects of OPU by highlighting the effects on long-term investment in intangible assets.     

我国制造业上市企业跨国并购绩效的影响因素实证分析

以2001年-2007年21起我国制造业上市企业所进行的跨国并购案例做为样本,对我国企业跨国并购绩效的影响因素进行实证分析。实证研究表明,并购方国际经验、并购规模与获得被并购方权益与被解释变量企业第二年总资产报酬率显著相关,而并购方资产规模、国家文化差异、东道国发展水平没有通过显著性检验。     

运用债务重组化解中国金融资产管理公司不良资产有关问题探析

国际经验和中国金融资产管理公司运作两年来的实践都充分表明 ,设计缜密的不良资产重组模式 ,可以加快重组速度、有效地化解金融风险、增强整个金融体系的安全性。否则将事倍功半 ,甚至有可能导致重组的失败。本文根据中国的实际情况 ,对运用债务重组方式处置中国金融资产管理公司不良资产的优劣、适用性等进行了探讨     

The effect of domestic to foreign ownership change on firm performance in Europe

This paper examines the relationship between ownership change from domestic to foreign and firm performance. Using European private company data for the period of 2008–2014 and the propensity score matching method, we pair 850 companies that experience ownership change with similar companies that do not. Consistent with the managerial discipline hypothesis, the results show that foreign investors acquire larger and less profitable firms and come from bigger, wealthier, and better-governed countries. After matching firms on propensity scores for country, industry, size, return on assets and leverage, we find that, in the short term, ownership change is associated with higher sales growth but lower return on assets (ROA) and profit margin. In the long term, however, ownership change is positively related to operational efficiency (sales per employee and asset turnover). Our results also show that the origin of the acquirer matters for firm performance; the targets acquired by foreign owners from better-governed countries experience better performance improvement compared to targets acquired by foreign owners from countries with weaker governance.