国外对华反倾销措施的贸易限制效应与贸易转移效应研究

本文首先利用个案初步考察了国外对华反倾销措施的贸易限制效应和贸易转移效应,然后构建一个"两国三地"价格竞争模型对反倾销措施的这两种贸易效应从理论上进行分析,在此基础上,利用2002～2007年美国对华纺织品反倾销案例10位海关协调税则(HST)代码涉案产品的数据,就国外对华反倾销措施在不同阶段的贸易限制效应和贸易转移效应进行了实证检验。得出的主要结论有:美国对华反倾销措施导致我国涉案产品对美出口减少,具有负的贸易限制效应,同时使韩国、印度等竞争国同类产品对美出口增加,存在正的贸易转移效应。     

国际货物贸易中的风险转移问题研究

随着经济全球化的发展,特别是中国加入世界贸易组织以来,我国与世界各国的贸易往来日益频繁。在跨地区与国界的贸易交往中,货物难免会受到各种意外损失以及发生一系列问题,这些损失由谁来承担,买卖双方的责任如何分配,即在国际货物贸易中风险什么情况下转移、何时转移就成为一个非常重要的问题,因此对于国际货物贸易中的风险转移问题进行研究就显得尤为必要。本文首先对风险转移的相关问题进行了阐释,接着对《联合国国际货物销售合同公约》中风险转移问题的规定进行了简要说明,然后对我国法律关于这方面的规定进行了剖析,并提出了一些自己的看法。     

中国-东盟FTA的贸易效应的分析

区域经济一体化是当前世界经济发展的重要潮流,而贸易效应带来的紧急持续发展效果是区域经济一体化中所体现出来的一大优势。贸易效应又可分为贸易创造效应和贸易转移效应。传统的理论一般倾向于贸易创造的积极效应,而否定贸易转移的效应。中国—东盟自由贸易区的建立,产生了极大的贸易创造效果,提高成员方和世界的整体利益。     

论贸易保护与跨国公司转移定价

在金融危机的影响下,各国在全球贸易一体化的进程中仍会通过各种方式维护本国经济利益,导致新的贸易保护主义抬头。而跨国公司这一世界经济活动的行为主体,通过进行内部贸易对母国和东道国均产生影响,使两国政府因为自身经济利益在贸易政策上针锋相对,从而显示出贸易保护与跨国公司转移定价之间的内在关系,即旧贸易保护主义推动转移定价,转移定价又加剧新贸易保护主义的滋生。为应对跨国公司实施转移定价所带来的危害,建议我国政府采取如下措施:加强制度建设,完善法律法规的修订工作;建立健全国家级层面的数据信息系统;充分发挥监督职能,实施高效监管;提高中方经营管理者的业务素质与自我保护能力。     

我国产业转移的研究进展评述与展望——基于传统贸易理论与新经济地理学的比较

凭借在传统贸易理论与新经济地理学两种理论框架6下,试图对我国产业转移的理论和实证研究进展进行较为全面梳理,以总结我国目前产业转移的主要趋势与行业特征以及产业转移的影响因素。同时,也进一步指出了现有研究的不足,从理论的角度上看,以传统贸易理论为视角对我国产业转移的研究居多,以新经济地理学为视角的研究较少。对比两种理论的优点与不足以及空间尺度的适应性,提出合理的区域产业转移研究的理论框架,分析一国内区域间的产业区位演变,新经济地理学的观点更为适合,但也要吸取新古典贸易理论的适用性,综合多种区位理论也非常必要。     

我国参与国际分工的贸易收益分析

从贸易条件看,我国产业升级和出口增长并未带来相应的贸易利益增长,价格贸易条件呈行业间升级与价跌并存、行业内量增与价跌并存的格局。从要素收益看,我国工业行业也存在增加值率小、利润偏低、税收流失严重等现象。因此,我国参与国际分工具有一定的分工锁定特征,转变发展方式和贸易方式势在必行。     

我国贸易条件与贸易利益的关系分析

文章分析了我国贸易条件与贸易利益之间的关系,通过交换利益和生产专业化利益两方面实证计算,得出静态贸易利益和动态贸易利益的趋势都是在不断减弱。但是价格贸易条件和一国的总体福利之间的趋势有时候并不都是一致的。     

欠发达地区参与区域经济合作的动因分析——基于贸易创造的视角

文章通过对欧洲和泛长三角地区区域经济合作实践的分析,指出欠发达地区参与区域经济合作存在着深层次的动因,并基于贸易创造的视角,分析了欠发达地区参与区域经济合作所获得的福利效应。文章揭示了欠发达地区在区域经济合作中能否获益与欠发达地区供需曲线的弹性和地方政府的保护程度有关,并认为欠发达地区选择合作区域是一个动态的权衡过程。     

Trade,Technology and the Labour Market: The Case of South Africa*

This study advances previous work on the effects of trade and technological change on labour markets within the framework of Heckscher–Ohlin trade theory. We provide evidence for an unskilled labour abundant developing country by employing dynamic heterogeneous panel estimation techniques. For South African manufacturing, trade‐mandated increases in earnings are positive for labour and negative for capital whilst technology‐mandated increases are negative for both factors. We also find it important to take account of endogeneity issues in analysing the impact of technology and price changes on factor returns and in isolating factor‐ and sector‐bias of technological changes.     

企业家应有创造市场的能力

随着新经济时代的来临,既给企业家创造市场提供了许多机会,又对企业家创造市场的能力提出了更高的要求。企业家创造市场的方法很多,但首先要求的是企业家自身要有创造市场的能力。     

本地市场效应、要素禀赋优势与中国文化产品贸易

本文基于中国与8个主要文化贸易伙伴2000-2010年的文化产品贸易数据,从本地市场效应与要素禀赋优势的角度,对中国文化产品贸易进行实证分析.研究发现:本地市场效应决定了中国文化产品贸易的相对规模,并逐渐取代传统的要素禀赋优势成为中国文化产品贸易发展的新源泉.本地市场效应主要存在于印刷类和视觉艺术品贸易中,对贸易相对规模的影响明显高于要素禀赋优势的影响.     

A Meta‐Analysis of the Effect of Common Currencies on International Trade*

Abstract. Thirty‐four recent studies have investigated the effect of currency union on trade, resulting in 754 point estimates of this effect. This paper uses meta‐analysis to combine, explain, and to summarize these disparate estimates of common currency trade effects. The hypothesis that there is no effect of currency union on trade is easily and robustly rejected at standard significance levels. Combining these estimates implies that a currency union increases bilateral trade by between 30 and 90%. Although there is evidence of publication selection, there is also evidence of a genuine positive trade effect beyond publication bias.     

Market Structure and the Demand for Free Trade

We examine a heterogenous goods duopoly model, wherein governments simultaneously and noncooperatively choose whether or not to provide subsidies for their firms and then firms noncooperatively choose output levels, either sequentially or simultaneously. We find that government trade policy and market structure are interdependent. First, the trade regime alters traditional firm preferences over sequential versus simultaneous play. Second, different market structures influence governments' preferences about free trade versus subsidies. Further, if one of the firms is a potential leader, allowing for endogenous market structure generates equilibrium outcomes that sometimes reinforce, and sometimes counter, traditional results in the strategic trade literature .     

Mexican Maquiladoras and the North American Free Trade Area

The maquiladora program has been in existence for nearly three decades. Understanding the concept of maquiladoras, how they are established, their benefits and harms to the US., Mexico and to other countries and how they are impacted by the Free Trade Agreement between the United States, Canada and Mexico, are of utmost importance to international marketers and policy makers all over the world In this paper, the history, the present state and the future potential of the maquiladora program is discussed and the process of establishing a maguiladora is presented. Maquiladoras influence the process of Mexican-American-Canadian multilaleral invesanent and trade relationshin Even though the North American Free Trade Area (NAFTA) is expected to reduce their importance for American and Canadian companies, we argue here that maquiladoras will remain a significant part of the Mexican manufacturing sector and will continue to attract Pacific and European investments seeking inexpensive labor, oil and other basic resources, god manufacturing environment and significant consumers markets, all in one place. Maquiladuras may indeed change ownership but will remain a significant contributor to the economy of Mexico for years to come.     

我国产权交易市场的特征及其市场失灵问题解析

市场经济条件下的市场调节功能失灵是普遍存在的现象,必须依靠政府监管和调控才能有效克服。我国现行产权交易市场的基本特征表明,国有资产所有者非人格化缺陷是我国产权交易市场失灵的最主要原因。必须尽快健全和完善我国国有资产监督与管理的法律体系,为各级国有资产管理部门履行出资人职责提供立法依据,建立起一个在政府有效监管下的行业和企业自律的产权交易市场。     

UK Intra-industry Trade with the EU North and South

This paper tests the traditional country and industry hypotheses of intra-industry trade (IIT) in vertically and horizontally differentiated products in the context of the UK's bilateral trade with EU countries. It distinguishes empirically between IIT in vertically and horizontally differential goods, between trade with EU 'North' and 'South' and between the effects of using GDP proxies and direct measures of national factor endowment differences. The paper shows that the robustness of the results of earlier multi-country studies are open to challenge, that the separation of IIT into vertical and horizontal IIT offers an important innovation to the empirical work in this area and that further development of large numbers models of IIT in quality differentiated goods is required.     

不完全资本市场与国际贸易赤字

本文通过带有风险资产的两期一般均衡模型研究了不完全资本市场和一国国际贸易之间的相关性。研究表明,当市场是完全的或者没有风险资产时,一国的国际贸易是平衡的,但是当资本市场不完全时会出现贸易不平衡。如果是国家间的不完全市场,由于一些国家的收入对风险资产的回报具有更强的相关性,使得国家间的贸易出现不平衡;如果资产在一个国家内是不完全的,则由于完全市场国家具有更强的国内分散收入变化风险的能力,会减少预防性储蓄,导致更大的贸易赤字。一些国际数据基本支持本文的研究结论。