基于WD公司的供应链金融模式设计

本文以WD公司的金融需求为切入点,从微观视角研究供应链金融模式的选择和可行性,以代表性的供应链金融产品分析了核心企业和供应商的成本和受益,结论是创新的网络银行供应链金融模式具有高效便捷的特点。区别于其他供应链金融大多以研究小企业融资难题为着眼点,本文主要从核心企业的需求角度出发,基于现实市场中的强势主体对于互联网金融的应用推广,具有实践意义;另一方面供应链金融与互联网结合的模式,将供应链金融带入一个全新的领域。     

产业资本主导下的供应链金融实施研究——以UPS发展供应链金融为例

本文梳理了供应链金融的研究前沿,认为供应链金融是在物流服务过程中向客户提供的集物流运输、金融服务和解决方案等于一体的综合服务模式.UPS作为全球领先的供应链金融服务供应商,利用得天独厚的第三方物流服务优势,经过数十年潜心调整,成功实现从“包裹运送公司”到“全球商务同步协调公司”的战略转型,为国内第三方物流企业在着眼未来,通过产融结合实现业务转型提供了借鉴     

面向供应链的碳金融服务模式创新研究

随着低碳转型的不断深入,我国需要实现全产业链的降碳减排。面向供应链的碳金融作为一种新的金融服务模式,充分发挥了碳资产、供应链和金融工具在低碳发展方面的作用,为缓解中小企业转型困境、实现全链条的绿色生产提供了新的途径。本文通过案例研究系统总结了目前国内外主要的面向供应链的碳金融服务模式,研究发现国内主要采用“碳金融+供应链金融”服务模式,而国外则以“供应链金融+低碳供应链”服务模式为主导。鉴于当前低碳供应链发展滞后、碳金融应用程度低等问题,本文提出了以“低碳供应链+碳金融”为核心的服务模式,并构建了面向供应链的碳金融服务框架。此外,在实践过程中如何提高供应链企业协同减排的内部驱动力、推进碳金融产品服务的创新,以及如何加强对碳金融产品督查是当前发展面向供应链的碳金融的主要困境。为此,本文提出了推动我国面向供应链的碳金融发展的相关建议。     

商业银行绿色供应链金融的实践思考:模式、问题及对策北大核心

绿色供应链金融是绿色金融理念植根于供应链金融的一个细分方向,是商业银行践行绿色发展理念的重要路径。国外绿色供应链金融以“绿色供应链+供应链金融”的组合模式为主,侧重于产业端;国内商业银行在开展绿色供应链金融方面进行了大量实践,但由于其依托产业的多样性和金融业务的特殊性,尚未形成公认的模式。总体上,我国绿色供应链金融业务存在发展模式粗放、动力不足和评价机制缺乏等方面的问题,制约了绿色供应链金融的发展。基于此,本文提出绿色银行、投研银行、数字银行和敏捷银行的建设思路,以推动绿色供应链金融发展。     

“互联网+”视角下供应链金融发展：契机、挑战与路径——以甘肃省为例

“互联网+”背景下，信息技术开始更多地嵌入以供应链金融为代表的金融工具当中，双循环发展新格局为推动优质金融服务助推实体经济带来了新机遇。本文以甘肃省为例，在梳理供应链金融支持实体经济发展特征事实的基础上，探究了数字经济时代供应链金融的发展契机、挑战与路径，认为甘肃省供应链金融发展面临金融市场活力进一步激发、区域金融空间不断拓展、产业供应链持续优化、供应链金融数字化技术应用强渗透等发展契机；但也仍存在区域发展不平衡、产业供应链体系较为粗放、具有适应性的特色业务模式有待探索、供应链金融公共服务体系不健全等诸多挑战。据此，提出了聚焦重点领域、创新服务机制、完善基础设施、深化科技运用等供应链金融支持实体经济的优化提升路径。     

中行贸易金融业务首获国际大奖

1月21日,在美国《环球金融》杂志（Global Finance）举办的2015年“贸易和供应链金融”评奖活动上,中国银行获得“全球最佳贸易、供应链金融、现金管理产品组合方案奖”、“全球最佳供应商融资奖”、“中国最佳贸易金融银行”3个奖项。     

供应商竞争与买方企业金融化

本文基于供应商竞争的“屈从效应”和“监督效应”,以2007—2021年非金融类上市公司为样本,研究供应商竞争对买方企业金融化的影响。研究表明：供应商竞争显著抑制了买方企业金融化程度,金融监管和营商环境进一步强化了供应商竞争对买方企业金融化的抑制作用;在商业信用低和产品市场竞争度高的企业中,供应商竞争对买方企业金融化的抑制作用才得以发挥,并且供应商竞争通过提高企业信息透明度和内部控制质量抑制了买方企业金融化程度。研究结论揭示了供应链体系中供应商竞争对买方企业金融资产配置的影响,拓展了现有相关研究。     

供应链金融对核心企业创新的影响：基于供应商与销售商效应

本文使用2011―2021年CSMARS的A股上市公司数据，对供应链金融与核心企业技术创新投入和产出之间的关系进行实证分析。结果发现：（1）供应链金融显著增加了核心企业技术创新的投入与产出。（2）根据中介效应模型，供应链金融通过缓解核心企业的融资约束来提升企业研发投入，进而增加研发产出。（3）供应链金融显著增加了高供应关系与高客户关系下核心企业的研发投入，但核心企业技术创新产出却源于低供应关系与低销售关系下企业的紧密配合。这表明核心企业确实面临来自核心供应商与客户的创新“阻力”，而供应链金融并不能缓解这种高供应与高客户关系带来的创新“阻力”。     

区块链赋能下甘肃供应链金融新发展

本文从区块链技术优势出发,紧扣供应链金融自身痛点,分析了以信用管理为导向的“区块链+供应链金融”的融合模式,并以浙商银行兰州分行的供应链金融“H+M”模式和“应收款链平台”为例,剖析可持续推广的供应链金融综合服务平台,以便更好地促进区块链技术落地应用,缓解甘肃中小企业融资困境,服务实体经济发展。     

数字化供应链金融生态系统推动产融协同发展研究

在数字化时代,供应链金融作为解决中小微企业融资难的重要突破口,依然面临诸多痛点,迫切需要创新供应链金融生态系统服务模式。基于此,本文以开放服务系统的视角,梳理出数字化供应链金融生态系统的发展现状及核心问题,建立基于数字化供应链金融生态系统“四位一体”的发展模式,并进行实践场景案例深入分析,进一步提出建设数字化供应链金融生态系统推动产融协同发展的“123同步机制”、风险防范机制、力量赋能机制以及相应的实现路径;研究表明：加快实现“两个赋能”,数字化促使供应链金融进一步达成“融合性”;加快实现“双轮驱动”,数字化促使供应链金融进一步达成“多元化”;加快实现“智慧协同”,数字化促使供应链金融进一步达成“智慧化”,能够推动数字化供应链金融创新发展,助力“产业+金融”融合发展。     

Bayesian Premium Rating with Latent Structure

We propose a fully Bayesian approach to non-life risk premium rating, based on hierarchical models with latent variables for both claim frequency and claim size. Inference is based on the joint posterior distribution and is performed by Markov Chain Monte Carlo. Rather than plug-in point estimates of all unknown parameters, we take into account all sources of uncertainty simultaneously when the model is used to predict claims and estimate risk premiums. Several models are fitted to both a simulated dataset and a small portfolio regarding theft from cars. We show that interaction among latent variables can improve predictions significantly. We also investigate when interaction is not necessary. We compare our results with those obtained under a standard generalized linear model and show through numerical simulation that geographically located and spatially interacting latent variables can successfully compensate for missing covariates. However, when applied to the real portfolio data, the proposed models are not better than standard models due to the lack of spatial structure in the data.     

The development of the group accounts disclosure system in Japan

The Japanese disclosure system of consolidated statements was introduced in 1977 and extensively revised in 1997. The role of the bureaucracy has been significant in these developments and seems to be part of Japan's closed culture. However, other explanations could also be applied. In particular, although Japanese firms opposed such disclosures on the basis of preparation costs, the Japanese government had to modernize the disclosure system, including consolidation, in order to develop the securities market regardless of an individual company's interests.     

Moments of Compound Mixed Poisson Distributions

Recursive formulae are derived for the evaluation of the moments and the descending factorial moments about a point n of mixed Poisson and compound mixed Poisson distributions, in the case where the derivative of the logarithm of the mixing density can be written as a ratio of polynomials. As byproduct, we also obtain recursive formulae for the evaluation of the moments about the origin, central moments, descending and ascending factorial moments of these distributions. Examples are also presented for a number of mixing densities.     

The designing of corporate accounting law in Japan after the Second World War

After the Second World War, during the neutralization of the controlled economy of wartime Japan, a design for a Corporate Accounting Law was elaborated by the Investigation Committee on the Business Accounting System. The Investigation Committee tried to establish not only new business accounting standards but also a central and independent administrative organ of corporate accounting regulation on the basis of the Corporate Accounting Law. The Corporate Accounting Law was expected to lay the legal foundation of the new corporate accounting regulation regime in Japan. Nevertheless, even though the original design of the fundamental accounting law was never realized, it should be considered the starting point for our understanding of external accounting history in post-war Japan.     

The deliberation around accounting techniques: accounting for depreciation and foreign exchange in an Indian jute company, 1870-1900

This paper examines the way two accounting techniques, namely depreciation and foreign exchange, were deliberated on, between 1870 and 1900, in an Indian jute company whose shareholders resided in the UK. The arena for these deliberations was the conflictual relationship between controlling and non-controlling shareholders as to how best to account for depreciation and foreign exchange especially when the particular accountings affected distributional issues such as the dividend decision. The purpose of this paper is to analyse and explain the processes by which a company's accounting practices emerge and develop as a contest between different interests. Accounting framed the parameters of the deliberations and provided the language of power and dissent. The paper uses a rich archive that includes narrative and accounting material.     

Pricing Dynamic Insurance Risks Using the Principle of Equivalent Utility

We introduce an expected utility approach to price insurance risks in a dynamic financial market setting. The valuation method is based on comparing the maximal expected utility functions with and without incorporating the insurance product, as in the classical principle of equivalent utility. The pricing mechanism relies heavily on risk preferences and yields two reservation prices - one each for the underwriter and buyer of the contract. The framework is rather general and applies to a number of applications that we extensively analyze.     

Guidelines for Manuscripts Submitted to The China Journal of Accounting Research

正The China Journal of Accounting Research"CJAR"(ISSN 1755-3091)publishes quarterly.It contains peer-reviewed articles and commentaries on accounting,auditing and corporate governance issues that relate to the greater China region.We welcome the submission of both theoretical and empirical research papers pertinent to researchers,regulators and practitioners.Authors should note:1 Submissions must be original     

International harmonization of Japanese accounting standards

Historically, Japanese accounting standards have been quite distinct from International Accounting Standards (IASs) which have been perceived as being modelled on British-American accounting standards. However, in the 1990s, after the publication of E32 in 1989 and the IASC-IOSCO Agreement in 1995, the Business Accounting Deliberation Committee (BADC), the standards-setting body in Japan, has pursued a policy of harmonization with IASs. Accounting standards relating to consolidated financial statements of companies that make cross-border offerings of securities or operate worldwide are being revised drastically. This paper focuses on the development of international accounting harmonization and its impact on Japan.     

Commodity financialization and sector ETFs: Evidence from crude oil futures

We investigate the diversification benefits of energy assets in the setting of commodity financialization using data on crude oil futures and Sector ETFs (SPDRs). Correlations between commodities and financial assets increased during the post-Commodity Futures Modernization Act (CFMA)/commodity bull cycle period, resulting in lower benefits of diversification. However, we find that conditional correlations between crude oil futures and sector ETFs meaningfully increased only since the 2008–09 financial crisis. The results therefore suggest that the financial crisis, rather than CFMA regulation, explains changes in the diversification benefits of commodities. Moreover, we find that oil futures returns are less correlated with SPDRs than with the S&P index. Thus, energy futures, and crude oil in particular, offer the potential for diversification benefits in sector-style investing.     

Dutch accounting in Japan 1609-1850: isolation or observation?

The trading station or factory maintained by the Dutch East India Company (VOC) was Japan's sole window on the Western world during most of the Tokugawa period (1600-1868). While many aspects of the factory's role in Dutch/Japanese cultural exchange have been researched little is known in the West of the accounting at the factory. This paper considers the possibility that double-entry bookkeeping employed by the Dutch may have been diffused to the Japanese. The available evidence is synthesized after considering the accounting system in the Dutch factory.