北京市城市边缘区空间扩展方式选择

一、城市边缘区及其空间扩散方式城市边缘区是城市发展到一定阶段形成的地域实体,是城乡相互渗透,城市化发展迅速,城乡矛盾尖锐,自然、经济和社会特征介于典型的城市与典型的农村之间的城乡过渡地带。城市边缘区又可划分为内部边缘区和外部边缘区。内部边缘区和外部边缘区具有不同的社会经济和空间结构特征。 1.城市边缘区的空间结构类型城市边缘区的空间布局结构,可划分为以下几种类型: (1)圈层形结构模式。其特点是内部边缘区、外部边缘区以主城区为核心,依次环绕     

大都市边缘区城乡统筹发展水平评估——以南京市江宁区为例

大都市边缘区城乡统筹作为我国城乡统筹的重要类型,具有市域统筹和区县统筹的双重内涵。本文引入城乡融合度概念,从大都市边缘区城乡统筹的特定内涵出发,构建了大都市边缘区城乡统筹发展水平评估模型。本评估模型由市域统筹和区(县)统筹两个层级,空间融合度、经济融合度、社会融合度、设施融合度四大系统构成,并以南京市江宁区为例进行了实证研究。研究发现,江宁区城乡统筹发展水平与南京主城关系密切,其城乡融合度呈现圈层分布,距离主城越近,城乡融合度越高。     

基于系统行为的城乡耦合地域空间演变规律研究——以南京市为例

在总结国内外城乡双系统相互作用动力机制研究的基础上,论文引入城乡耦合地域系统非线性动态模型,通过耦合度揭示各系统要素在城乡耦合界面上相互作用的机理、过程.并以南京为例,运用主成分分析法从28项指标中提取经济发展水平、社会协调程度、资源设施配给率、环境负反馈机制等4项主因子对其进行耦合度实证辨析,得出南京城乡相互作用及不同时期两种扩张所处阶段,进-步明晰了南京城乡耦合地域系统空间演变规律,为科学规划和管理边缘地域提供了参考依据.     

城乡收入差距与财政分权的空间计量研究

本文采用空间计量学方法对1990～2009年中国29个省区城乡收入差距与财政分权之间的关系进行研究.结果发现,中国各省区财政分权与城乡收入差距均表现出较强的空间聚集现象,而财政分权的空间聚集表现更为突出;中国城乡收入差距与经济发展水平存在“三次”多项式关系,表现出城乡收入差距随着经济发展水平的提升而不断上升;支出财政分权和收入财政分权均有利于城乡收入差距的改善;地区教育水平、对外贸易程度、外商直接投资、工业化水平是扩大中国城乡收入差距的重要因素;非国有化和城镇化水平没有显著影响城乡居民收入差距.     

国内大城市边缘区发展模式

国内对城市边缘区的发展研究主要限于一些经验性的分析,针对这一问题,总结了国内目前大城市边缘区发展的五种主要亚模式,分析了与这些模式相关的三种机制,并在此基础上,就国内大城市边缘区发展模式的选择论述了相关的原则和途径.     

环城绿带对城乡边缘带景观的促进机制

认为环城绿带通过抑制城市蔓延而有益于城市景观;环城绿带以其与城乡边缘带在地理空间、建设目标和管辖上的关联性构成了对城乡边缘带的作用基础,并由此形成其促进机制.基于环城绿带对城乡边缘带景观的作用基础和促进机制的分析,提出要从城乡发展与规划角度保证环城绿带的合理空间布局,从形态和尺度上保证环城绿带的生态功能,从制度和公众支持方面保证环城绿带的永久有效性.     

基于大数据的沈阳国土空间规划用地适宜性评价探讨

在对用地适宜性评价的指标体系、技术方法及应用实践进行分析总结后,深入剖析国土空间规划编制阶段城市建设用地适宜性评价存在的问题和需求。基于能够获取的海量精准空间数据和属性数据,提出了国土空间规划阶段进行城乡用地适宜性评价的六方面指标体系,采用单要素与多要素相结合的空间分析方法,划定沈阳市区范围内城乡用地的建设适宜性。结合生态红线划定、基本农田保护,划定禁建区、限建区、适建区范围,并依据功能将沈阳市区划分为生活功能区、生产功能区和生态功能区,保障了城市建设用地选择、粮食生产安全和生态环境保护的合理需求,满足城市发展建设和指导下层次规划编制的需要。     

大城市边缘区新型城镇化空间整合的组团模式——基于宁波的案例研究

我国城市化已进入空间、生态、有效投资等多重约束的发展阶段,提高城市化发展质量是新时期面临的重要任务。大城市边缘区是农村聚落形态与城市社区的交错地带,空间变动活跃,发展潜力大,是新型城镇化的重要空间载体。而边缘区现行的乡镇空间组织模式面临很多问题,难以承载城市功能扩散要求,这是我国大城市在推进新型城镇化过程中亟待解决的命题。我国东部沿海大城市在率先转型的过程中必须更加注重优化提升中心城边缘区发展空间,传统的以乡镇为空间单元的组织模式弊端凸显,边缘区空间组织模式研究极为迫切。以东部沿海城市宁波为例,在对大城市边缘区相关研究成果进行回顾的基础上,分析了宁波中心城边缘区的发展背景与要求,探讨边缘区整合提升的可行性和必要性;采取定性分析与定量研究相结合的方法,提出边缘区空间整合的组团模式的选择方法、布局、空间整合及管理策略。     

城乡关系演进的自组织性及其对我国乡村规划的启示

在当前我国社会经济背景之下,城乡统筹发展已成为时代之需。乡村的建设发展,不再关乎自身兴衰,将直接影响到城市化的进程与质量。而城乡均是典型的复杂开放巨系统,具有自组织演化特性,城乡交互发展现象显著,乡村规划的编制与实施,需要对城乡关系的发展阶段和系统演化特征进行辨析,以实现与系统自组织的同向复合,促进城乡空间向有序发展。本文利用自组织理论,首先分析了城乡关系演进的自组织特性,对城乡自组织发展的三个阶段及其系统特征进行了归纳总结,其次梳理了西方发达国家在城乡融合阶段乡村规划的趋势与特征。最后在此基础上,重新审视了我国目前城乡关系的演化阶段,以自组织理论视角对乡村建设发展方向和规划重点进行了总结。     

中国式财政分权与城乡收入差距:分析框架及实证检验

随着中国经济的快速发展,城乡收入差距不断扩大。在分析城乡收入差距现状的基础上,基于中国式财政分权,重点围绕理论研究和实证检验两个方面展开相关研究。首先,结合当前中国式财政分权的基本事实,勾勒和总结中国式财政分权下地方政府的激励机制,并分析地方政府的行为选择与公共品供给偏好对城乡收入差距的影响,构建中国式财政分权对城乡收入差距的影响机制框架;其次,对当前我国城乡居民收入主要来源结构和城乡收入差距形成的原因进行统计分解,找到城乡收入差距的主要原因;再次,以中国式财政分权有关指标作为解释变量,检验政府教育支出偏向城市对城乡收入差距的影响;最后,提出有关的政策建议。     

Development in Information and Communications Technology (ICT) Statistics at the Australian Bureau of Statistics

This paper outlines the ICT statistical developments that the ABS has undertaken over recent years. These developments have been on both the supply side (ICT industry) and the demand side (use of IT by sector). The content of ABS ICT surveys has changed significantly over the last few years and are expected to develop further in line with industry changes and emerging policy needs.
Recent developments in household collections have been the inclusion of IT use questions in the 2001 Census of Population and Housing and in various ABS social surveys such as Children's Participation in Culture and Leisure Activities. Annual business IT use surveys are now conducted and include topics such as Internet commerce and IT security. Biennial ICT industry surveys are conducted to provide data on ICT production, imports and exports, ICT industry employment, performance and structure information. An Internet activity survey is run every six months and provides regional Internet access details and infrastructure details on Internet service providers.
A major development for 2002–03 will be the compilation of an ICT satellite account. ABS intends to produce an ICT Information Development Plan to guide its future statistical development work in the ICT field.     

Value at Risk in the Suburbs: Eminent Domain and the Geographical Politics of the US Foreclosure Crisis

Several US counties and local governments have recently considered a novel solution to the foreclosure crisis. They plan to use eminent domain to compel the owners of mortgage debt—and specifically of private‐label mortgage‐backed securities—to sell the debt to the government at a price reflecting the loan's market value. The government would then restructure the debt and resell it to new investors. The plans are striking because—in contrast to both development‐driven eminent domain and the federal subprime bank bailout—they would force investors to assume asset devaluation and increased long‐term risk. Notably, the plans have emerged as an instance of financialization‐focused politics in suburbs and suburban cities of color, specifically majority‐black and ‐Latino/a suburbs. Local support for the plans, we argue, is rooted in the long‐term disinvestment of these ‘suburbs of exception', which became targets of subprime lending and eventually sites where the ‘financial exception' has been localized. But these demographic shifts, fragmentation and fiscal pressures have at the same time created a suburban political terrain in which the plans have gained their strongest political support.     

Towards a Theory of Serendipity: A Systematic Review and Conceptualization

Serendipity – the notion of making surprising and valuable discoveries – plays a major role in the success of individuals and organizations alike. Previous research has established the importance of serendipity and identified important individual- and organizational-level antecedents. However, the literature has been dispersed and the boundaries of the concept have been blurry, leading to a lack of conceptual clarity and structure, and thus limiting validity and managerial actionability. Based on a systematic literature review, I synthesize existing management-related research on serendipity and explicate the emergence and composition of serendipity in the organizational context. I first identify three necessary conditions that differentiate serendipity from related concepts such as luck or targeted innovation: agency, surprise, and value. Then, I draw from the literature on sensemaking, event-based theorizing, and quantum-based approaches to management to conceptualize the process of cultivating serendipity in the organizational context as a process of enabling potentiality and materialization, and develop a multi-level theory of (cultivating) serendipity. This conceptualization contributes to our collective understanding of how, why, and when (i.e., under what conditions) organizations can leverage the value in the unexpected, which opens up fruitful avenues for further research.     

Accountability of NGOs in Bangladesh A critical overview

NGOs in Bangladesh have been recognized as effective change agents in the socio-economic arena throughout the world. Their contributions in micro credit, non-formal education and primary health care are widely known. NGOs play a significant role in society. NGO accountability, as a result, has become a critical issue. NGO accountability in Bangladesh has been examined here in relation to patrons, clients and themselves. Of the three relationships only accountability to patrons is in a near satisfactory state. Accountability to clients is handicapped by lack of opportunities of beneficiaries to participate meaningfully in NGO policy making. Accountability to themselves is adversely affected due to the adherence to a strictly hierarchical system and the influence of founding and charismatic NGO leaders.     

Towards an Asian model of human resource management? A comparative analysis of China,Japan and South Korea

There has been much discussion regarding the possible decline and weakening of national systems of human resource management (HRM). Yet, culture and institutions are often cited as the major stumbling blocks to this outcome. Such constraints may dissipate in the analysis, particularly if ‘regional clusters’ are considered where geographic and cultural closeness and ‘openness’ to similar economic pressures exist. In such cases, it might be postulated that convergence in HRM will occur. We argue that China, Japan and South Korea represent such a cluster. This article examines these countries, to see if a degree of convergence is taking place and if it is towards an identifiable ‘Asian’ model of HRM. A model of change is presented that distinguishes between levels of occurrence and acceptance. Details of the development and practice of HRM in each country are then set out. The article ends with a discussion and implications section and a brief conclusion.     

Ansätze und Ergebnisse anglo-amerikanischer M&A-Forschung

Based on a review of established U.S. management journals (1995–2003), six schools of thought are identified within the Anglo-American M&;A research: “Capital Market”, “Principal/Agent”, “Industrial Organization”, “Organizational Behavior”, “Human Resources” and “Strategic Management”. The literature review shows that the definition of M&;A success, the methods applied, and insights from empirical research differ according to the respective school of thought. Empirical studies focus on the resource combinations of merger partners, the specific circumstances of merger negotiations, and on integration management as antecedents of merger performance. Unfortunately, empirical findings have not yet provided reliable explanations for M&;A success. Based on the current state of Anglo-American M&;A research, the authors discuss implications for business practice, identify research gaps, and propose areas for future research.     

Introduction of New Technology with a Sound Transition of the Input-Output Structure

We examine the general equilibrium repercussions associated with the introduction of new technologies, using the generalized Leontief system that allows technological substitutions. We show that an untested introduction of cost-increasing technologies in any industry may result in creating a non-productive technological structure that does not satisfy the Hawkins-Simon condition, following the autonomous dynamic adjustment process with structural transitions in the economic system. Therefore, we propose a practicable control scheme of introducing cost-increasing technologies that strictly avoids the creation of non-productive structures in all periods of structural transition, using the available information on the ex ante technological structure.     

The Creation of the Office for National Statistics

A new Office for National Statistics was created in the United Kingdom in 1996 following a series of developments designed to strengthen the relevance and integrity of statistics. This paper describes these fundamental changes and sets out a blueprint for future progress. It also sets current developments in the United Kingdom in an historical and international context.     

What helps? Women engineers' accounts of staying on

We have considerable understanding of the obstacles that women engineers encounter and the reasons that they leave the field, but we know less about what enables them to remain. Adopting an interpretivist approach, this article examines how a group of British women engineers in two FTSE 100 companies account for “staying on” in their male‐dominated work settings. We delineate four specific forms of help that facilitate women's retention in the field. We argue that exposure to help leads to women developing a habitus that enables them to continue working in engineering. To conclude, we draw on our findings to outline HR practices that will facilitate supportive relationships in the workplace and pave the way towards developing more positive organisational climates.     

论现代物流企业的发展观

物流业经过诸多年的发展目前已经成为最热门的行业之一,物流企业的注册数量也与日俱增,达到前所未有的规模。毋庸置疑,任何企业都希望自己迅速做强做大,并成为真正现代物流企业的典型代表,要实现这一目标一个首要问题就是要解决现代物流企业的发展观问题。