我国农村劳动力流动中的歧视问题

在传统的城乡分割的二元社会结构体制下,我国农民工人数和规模不断扩大,成为社会转型中的特殊群体,对我国经济起到了不可忽视的推动作用。然而,在我国的农村劳动力流动过程中,矛盾日益突显,其中由于大量农民工的涌入带来的城镇治安、环境问题,导致歧视问题严重化。文中从两个角度提出解决措施,以期改善农村劳动力的待遇,促进和谐社会的建立和发展。     

Discrimination,technology and unemployment

I study the interaction between discrimination and investment using a directed search model where firms decide the capital intensity of their production technologies before being matched. Discrimination makes some workers cheap to hire. As a consequence, some firms might save on capital costs adopting labour intensive technologies. This framework allows one to reconcile search models with three well-known facts regarding the labour market outcomes of minority workers: low wages, high unemployment and occupational segregation. Furthermore, the model questions the role of equal pay legislation in reducing inequality since removing this restriction, i.e., allowing firms to post type-contingent wages, eliminates the negative effects of discrimination on investment and wages.     

谈工程咨询信息化的应用与存在问题

文章在探讨工程咨询信息化涵义的基础和作用上,分别从业务管理系统、专业信息管理系统、决策支持系统、办公自动化系统、客户关系管理系统、项目成本管理系统6个方面介绍了工程咨询信息化的应用范围,总结分析当前工程咨询信息化存在的问题.     

数据挖掘在航空发动机状态判别中的应用

为了挖掘隐藏在飞参数据背后的信息知识,应用数据挖掘技术对航空发动机健康状态进行判别研究。利用飞参数据中与发动机健康状态相关的九个参数和典型的故障数据,分别建立了神经网络和决策树模型,通过结果的比较,确定了最佳分类预测模型。     

模态分析在问题解决中的应用

针对某微型车压缩机张紧调节板等零件在低速运行时容易产生断裂的问题,利用模态分析的方法,确定该问题是由于整个安装系统模态较低造成,同时指出通过更改相关零件的加强筋,以及进行提高零件强度的更改设计,使问题得到解决。     

模态分析在问题解决中的应用

针对某微型车压缩机张紧调节板等零件在低速运行时容易产生断裂的问题,利用模态分析的方法;确定该问题是由于整个安装系统模态较低造成,同时指出通过更改相关零件的加强筋,以及进行提高零件强度的更改设计,使问题得到解决。     

模态分析在问题解决中的应用

针对某微型车压缩机张紧调节板等零件在低速运行时容易产生断裂的问题,利用模态分析的方法,确定该问题是由于整个安装系统模态较低造成,同时指出通过更改相关零件的加强筋,以及进行提高零件强度的更改设计,使问题得到解决。     

Refusals to Deal, Price Discrimination, and Independent Service Organizations

A number of recent Canadian and U.S. antitrust cases have involved allegations that manufacturers of durable products have refused to supply parts to independent service organizations, apparently to monopolize the market for repairs of their products. This paper provides a theory of these strategies and considers the welfare implications of judicial orders to supply. The refusals here are seen as necessary to protect manufacturers' program of price discrimination: Expensive repairs represent a way to select high-intensity, high-value users and charge them more. In addition to the usual ambiguity associated with the welfare effects of prohibitions of price discrimination, forcing competition in repairs can have the further damaging effect of reducing social welfare by inducing manufacturers to lower product quality.     

Perceptions of Discrimination and Justice Among Employees with Disabilities

Despite the passage of almost two decades since the enactment of the Americans With Disabilities Act in the United States, individuals with disabilities are still underrepresented in the workforce, tend to hold lower status jobs, and receive lower wages. This study examines whether disabled workers also continue to encounter more negative workplace experiences in terms of discrimination and injustice. A sample of 1,880 employees of a large university, including 90 self-identified disabled individuals completed a work experience survey. Analyses indicate that disabled employees reported more overt and subtle discrimination and more procedural injustice than their non-disabled counterparts. Examination by the type of disability also revealed that those with non-physical disabilities reported more negative experiences than employees with physical disabilities. Perceived organizational and supervisory support were shown to have promise in reducing the effects of disability status on workplace attitudes and perceptions.     

消费者行为学——概念、应用和案例

目标群体：营销专业的大学生和研究生教材、参考书,市场营销人员,各公司机构的营销培训用书．对消费者行为学感兴趣的读者 作者简介：多米尼克·夏代尔（Dominique Xardel）博士是法国巴黎高等商学院副院长。     

变复杂为简单,轻松学英语

《新目标英语》课堂教学要求教师在组织课堂教学中,要调动学生的学习兴趣,有效灵活地传授知识,因此教师在教学过程中,要让学生期待着英语课,用自己的激情及有效的策略燃起学生求知的渴望,推动整个课堂教学的进程。     

Applications of subsampling,hybrid, and size-correction methods

This paper analyzes the properties of subsampling, hybrid subsampling, and size-correction methods in two non-regular models. The latter two procedures are introduced in Andrews and Guggenberger (2009a). The models are non-regular in the sense that the test statistics of interest exhibit a discontinuity in their limit distribution as a function of a parameter in the model. The first model is a linear instrumental variables (IV) model with possibly weak IVs estimated using two-stage least squares (2SLS). In this case, the discontinuity occurs when the concentration parameter is zero. The second model is a linear regression model in which the parameter of interest may be near a boundary. In this case, the discontinuity occurs when the parameter is on the boundary.     

微机保护在冶金企业应用中问题分析与探讨

本文对微机型保护装置在冶金企业的相关问题进行总结,结合微机保护在华菱钢铁应用中所表现出的影响安全运行的问题,提出影响微机保护在冶金电网运行的主要因素和解决措施。通过对解决措施的具体分析认为,微机保护在冶金企业应用与在电网应用有其不同的特殊性,保护生产厂与冶金企业应共同探讨提高微机保护的可靠性。     

A Simple Estimator of Two-Dimensional Copulas,with Applications1

Copulas are distributions with uniform marginals. Non-parametric copula estimates may violate the uniformity condition in finite samples. We look at whether it is possible to obtain valid piecewise linear copula densities by triangulation. The copula property imposes strict constraints on design points, making an equi-spaced grid a natural starting point. However, the mixed-integer nature of the problem makes a pure triangulation approach impractical on fine grids. As an alternative, we study the ways of approximating copula densities with triangular functions which guarantees that the estimator is a valid copula density. The family of resulting estimators can be viewed as a non-parametric MLE of B-spline coefficients on possibly non-equally spaced grids under simple linear constraints. As such, it can be easily solved using standard convex optimization tools and allows for a degree of localization. A simulation study shows an attractive performance of the estimator in small samples and compares it with some of the leading alternatives. We demonstrate empirical relevance of our approach using three applications. In the first application, we investigate how the body mass index of children depends on that of parents. In the second application, we construct a bivariate copula underlying the Gibson paradox from macroeconomics. In the third application, we show the benefit of using our approach in testing the null of independence against the alternative of an arbitrary dependence pattern.     

Regulation, Unionization, and Racial Wage Discrimination: An Analysis of the Trucking Industry

A bstract . This article tests the hypothesis that increased product market competition of deregulation decreased employer and union wage discrimination in the motor carrier industry. Specifically, in each regulatory period, we estimate the portion of the industry racial wage differential that is due to racial differences: in driver attributes, returns to attributes, and unionization. Our findings suggest that enhanced product market competition directly reduces wage discrimination and may have a smaller indirect effect of further reducing racial wage disparities in industries with racially exclusive unions. These findings support the use of competition to reduce wage discrimination as opposed to government intervention.     

The Economics of Race and Discrimination

Argues that the poverty of minorities is rarely the result of discrimination. Cultural traits are far more important. State intervention to protect minorities effectively subsidises discrimination and free markets impose costs on the prejudiced.     

Problems with (dis)aggregating productivity,and another productivity paradox

Using a standard definition of productivity growth, it is shown that a country may have higher productivity growth than another country in each sector, but may have a lower productivity growth rate overall. Also, it is shown that popular methods for aggregating firm/industry estimates of productivity growth have a serious problem in that productivity of all firms/industries can go up, but aggregate productivity can fall. This is not necessarily due to changes in the reallocation of resources across firms/industries. Hence, there are problems for the interpretation of previously published articles which use these methods. There can be inappropriate assessments of the cyclical properties of productivity, and the productivity impact of industry dynamics, micro-economic reforms and regulatory change. Index-number methods that avoid these aggregation problems are introduced.