人事激励的契约选择--一个基于委托代理的分析框架

随着人事经济学的发展,激励机制设计理论为人力资源管理提供了重要和有力的分析工具.本文采用人事经济学的分析方法,以一个基本的委托代理模型为基础,研究在人力资源管理中绩效激励和晋升激励的契约特征及其局限性,探讨激励契约的发展趋势.     

基于委托代理的供应链质量管理激励策略

利用委托代理模型建立了供应链质量管理的激励模型,从购买商对供应商质量管理监管的角度出发,探讨了不同风险态度下最优激励合约的设计问题,求出了模型的最优解并进一步讨论其影响因素。最后,拓展分析了声誉激励的效果,为寻求有效的供应链质量管理提供理论依据。     

上市公司职业经理人股权激励制度的研究——基于委托代理理论

基于委托代理理论的基本原理,分析了股权激励制度对职业经理人的作用,文章主要侧重于从股权激励制度而引出的新的道德风险问题进行讨论,从宏观和微观的两个方面给予一定的建议。     

基于委托——代理的薪酬有效激励的区间分析

合理的薪酬分配设计,在现代企业中对经营者的有效激励起着十分重要的作用.本文从企业的产出分配出发,利用委托--代理理论,构建企业所有者和企业经营者的期望收入模型,在对称信息和非对称信息条件下,对企业经营者的努力程度和期望收入进行分析,探讨不对称信息条件下企业经营者的期望收入变化状况.我们发现:在薪酬分配合同的有效激励区间内,企业所有者可以通过设计合理的薪酬分配合同,起到对企业经营者的有效激励.同时,企业所有者可以通过有效的手段调整有效激励区间的大小,同样也能满足经营者的有效激励区间要求.     

国有资产的监管与委托-代理、激励-约束分析

所有权与经营权分离,是现代企业的一个重要特征,国有企业也不例外。在所有者与经营者分离的情况下,由于信息不对称、契约不完全以及双方利益的不一致性,使得委托-代理问题难以避免。国有企业的特殊性,使得委托-代理问题更加复杂化。     

委托代理下政府危机管理的激励约束博弈研究

委托代理关系普遍存在于社会经济生活当中,如何促使代理人更为积极有效地行使委托人赋予的代理权以及更好地维护委托人的权益,一直是人们关注的重点,而激励约束问题一直是公共行政研究中的热点也是难点问题之一。文章试图从博弈论的角度来分析委托代理关系,并侧重于其中的激励约束机制,来对政府危机管理进行研究。文章建立了相应的委托代理博弈模型,给出了模型的策略解及其经济解释,并通过分析得出相关结论,以便为政府危机管理提供决策支持。     

委托代理关系下供应链协调的激励与监督机制研究

文章主要从委托代理的基本模型出发,设立了一个通过让成员企业参与供应链剩余利润分配的监督—激励模型来促进供应链中的信息沟通与协调行为。该模型通过引入分配系数、通过评价乘数对分配系数进行调整、导入奖惩函数等多种分析方法,从而提高了激励准确程度,成功的降低了代理成本。     

企业员工管理的博弈分析与激励契约

企业员工基于自身利益的驱动会产生道德风险行为,道德风险严重地阻碍了企业的发展。文章运用不完全信息动态博弈的理论,建立了防范道德风险的博弈模型,定性、定量地讨论了均衡状态下的最优博弈策略,并给出了基于最优博弈策略促使员工努力完成项目的激励契约。     

基于委托代理博弈的报酬设计研究

随着国际国内市场竞争的日益激烈,越来越的企业暴露出其公司治理方面的各类问题,其中最为主要的是委托代理问题.本文将基于现代公司委托人与代理人之阃的博弈视角,从参与约束和激励相容约束两个方面进一步探讨建立怎样的报酬机制以规制代理人的行为,使其利益与委托人利益更趋于一致.     

基于委托代理理论的成本加激励费合同研究

在建筑工程领域,合理有效的激励能使业主与承包商建立合作关系,共同促进项目的成功。成本加激励费（cost-plus-incentive-fee,CPIF）合同是一种激励合同,如何确定其中各参数的取值将直接影响激励效果。本文通过建立业主与承包商之间的委托代理模型,确定了CPIF合同中激励系数与最大激励费两大参数的取值,构建了合同中承包商利润与其实际成本的具体关系图,并分析了不同的工程以及不同的承包商是如何影响合同中参数取值的,认为业主设计CPIF合同时不但要考虑工程因素．还需要考虑承包商的因素。     

上市公司高管薪酬的激励效果及影响因素研究

作为一种重要的激励方式,高管薪酬通过促进其管理能力的发挥,进而影响企业业绩。但实证研究表明,我国上市公司高管薪酬水平与企业业绩不相关,上市公司的薪酬激励效果有限,需要进一步完善。影响上市公司高管薪酬水平的主要因素有:公司规模、第一大股东比例、国有股比例、流通股比例、董事会规模、总经理权限和公司所处的经济地理位置。     

Evaluating Form and Functionality of Pay‐for‐Performance Plans: The Relative Incentive and Sorting Effects of Merit Pay,Bonuses, and Long‐Term Incentives

Using two‐year longitudinal data from a large sample of US employees from a service‐related organization, the present study investigates the relative effects of three forms of pay‐for‐performance (PFP) plans on employees’ job performance (incentive effects) and voluntary turnover (sorting effects). The study differentiates between three forms of pay: merit pay, individual‐based bonuses, and long‐term incentives. By definition, these PFP plans have different structural elements that distinguish them from each other (i.e., pay plan form) and different characteristics (functionality), such as the degree to which pay and performance are linked and the size of the rewards, which can vary both within and across plan types. Our results provide evidence that merit raises have larger incentive and sorting effects than bonuses and long‐term incentives in multi‐PFP plan environments where the three PFP plans are operating simultaneously. Only merit pay has both incentive and sorting effects among the three PFP plans. The implications for the PFP‐related theory, as well as for the design and implementation of PFP plans, are discussed. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

石油企业履行环境责任的激励机制设计

石油企业作为排污大户在生产过程中不可避免的产生大量污染物,尤其近年来我国石油企业发生的重大环境污染事件,引发了人们对石油企业环境责任的高度关注。文中通过建立博弈数学模型,采用定量的研究方法分析目前我国石油企业环境责任缺失、地方政府环保部门监管失灵的原因。通过建立委托人-代理人模型,对石油企业承担环境责任的激励机制进行设计研究。     

The importance of input control to work performance under the agency theory framework

In the agency theory literature, output and behavioral controls have been quite thoroughly explored. However, input control (IC) that emphasizes personnel selection and staffing has only been discussed theoretically. Literature outside the agency theory, nonetheless, corroborates IC when competitions increase. With an empirical approach to strategic human resource management, this study explored the relationships between controls and work performance under the influences of two agency factors: principal–agent relationship and task programmability. Results show that controls are generally associated with work performance but more important are their moderating effects with the two contingent agency factors. Furthermore, hierarchical regression analyses reveal that IC is a vital factor for work performance. These findings suggest that IC deserves more attention under the conditions of increased competition.     

Limits to the Implementation of Benchmarking Through KPIs in UK Construction Policy: Insights from game theory

Abstract

Benchmarking through the use of key performance indicators (KPIs) has been an important part of the UK government's market-oriented reforms to improve efficiency across the public sector and in other areas such as construction where government is a major client. However, government attempts to implement construction KPIs have not followed the expected course. We argue that insights from game theory show that the initial plan for construction benchmarking failed to take account of the strategic value of the information collected and was not implementable because the sharing of information by construction suppliers with their clients was a dominated strategy.     

会计准则制定导向的博弈论分析

本文运用博弈论的分析方法,对在不同的会计准则制定导向和会计监管下,企业管理当局和企业投资者之间的效用进行了分析。分析的结果表明:在规则导向会计准则和严格会计监管之下的纳什均衡点是社会效用最高的一种情况。最后,本文结合我国的现实情况分析了我国在制定会计准则的过程中要注意的问题。     

A contingency-configurational view of purchasing operations: The mediating role between supplier relationship and firm performance

The literature has considered purchasing and supply management activities from a strategic perspective, but the tactical role of purchasing operations has yet to be explored. Purchasing operations represent the internal modus operandi for transactions with suppliers, comprising three main activities – purchasing transactions, purchasing document management, and purchasing assessment – and supportive activities like purchasing knowledge management. Following the contingency theory, we hypothesize that these internal activities mediate between external supplier relationship management and firm performance (financial, customer and delivery performance). Complementarily, we adopt the configurational theory to hypothesize that this link between external and internal activities can be combined to increase firm performance. To test this contingency-configurational view of purchasing operations, we conducted a quantitative survey with 234 companies. The regression results of the contingency analysis show that purchasing operations activities have a full mediation role in most relationships between supplier relationship management and firm performance, while knowledge management positively moderates the association between purchasing assessment and customer performance. Moreover, the cluster analysis for the configurational analysis shows that supplier relationship management and purchasing operations follow maturity levels of joint implementation of internal and external activities. Our findings shed light on the purchasing operations by defining the activities representing this concept and showing their role in supply management. We also contribute to practice by proposing an integrative system that helps managers organize the firm's purchasing and supply management activities.     

The ties that bind: Buyer-supplier relations in the construction industry

This study considers the consequences of Inter Organisational relations at two levels: the micro level of the individual, and the macro level of the organisation. Merging Transaction Cost Economics with theories on the Social Embeddedness of relations, the paper tackles several hypotheses about problems in buyer–supplier relations. We amend the general hypothesis, as has been put forward by other researchers, that having a common past in combination with an expected common future in business will reduce the likelihood that problems and conflicts occur. Our focus lies on whether this shared past and future can preclude problems better when the organisational relations are at the micro level. Our analyses of survey data from 448 contractor–subcontractor relations from the contractor's perspective in the construction industry reveal mixed support for effects of a shared past or future. We hardly find any of the expected positive effects of a shared past on supplier performance. However, we do find support for the hypothesis that a larger likelihood of future business with the same business partner has a stronger (negative) effect on the occurrence of problems if the expected future business is at the level of individuals (instead of at the level of organisations).     

Promoting Employee Flexibility Through HR Practices

Current competitive environments have created a growing interest in employee flexibility in firms. Recently researchers have differentiated between two facets of employee flexibility: behavior flexibility and skill flexibility. This study proposes a model of relationships between these two facets of employee flexibility and the extent to which HR practices influence them. This model is tested by estimating structural equation models on a sample of 226 commercial departments in Spanish companies. The results of the study show that the two facets of employee flexibility are interrelated, in that skill flexibility influences behavior flexibility. Furthermore, findings confirm the influence of job enrichment on employee flexibility and the significant effect of the internal fit among HR practices on employee flexibility. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.