西部地区草地资源的生态效益及其利用保护

西部地区草地资源的基本现状天然草地面积大,人工草地比重小我国草地主要分布在内蒙古、新疆、西藏、青海、甘肃、四川6大牧区,广西、贵州、云南也有大面积的草山草坡,宁夏、重庆、陕西、河南和湖北也有一定量的草地分布。西部14省（市、区）共有牧草地25877万hm2,占西部国土面积的36.83%,占全国草地面积的97.87%,但人工草地还不到1% 。草地类型多样西部14省（市、区）地域辽阔,海拔高差悬殊,气候千差万别,导致草地类型复杂多样。我国18类天然草地,西部地区都有分布。但就总体而言,高寒草甸类、高寒草原类、温性荒漠类和温性草原类面积之和…     

西部地区土地资源可持续利用探讨

本文在分析西部土地资源可持续利用优势和存在的非持续利用特征的基础之上,提出了西部土地资源可持续利用的若干建议。     

西部农业资源利用的障碍因素分析

西部地区是我国生态环境最为脆弱、经济较为落后的地区。生态环境与经济发展的矛盾是西部大开发中面临的现实问题。因此分析西部地区农业资源非持续利用的现状及成因对西部大开发中的农业发展有着重要的意义。西部地区农业资源面临的危机土地质量差,经营粗放与东部相比,西部普遍存在着集约化程度低、经营粗放等状况,手工、人力耕作仍相当普遍。西部地区农家肥施用不多,一般在11250～22500kg/hm2,化肥投入水平也很低,仅为东部投入化肥量的2/3。西部土地的26.5%为难以农用的裸岩和沙漠,由于土地质量差、投入低,加之粗放式经营,以致中、低产田…     

论西部地区储蓄资源的特点和有效利用

如果从西部大多数省市的人均收入低于全国平均水平；西部地区的总产出和总储蓄也没有占到与西部地区在全国土地面积和人口总数中所占比重相称的水平这些现象上看，难兔让人得出西部地区的储蓄资源相对不足的结论。     

知识服务业的兴起与西部地区利用知识资源

知识资源的匮乏是西部开发的瓶颈。知识服务有两种基本模式－静态知识服务模式和动态服务模式。知识服务业的兴起对西部地区利用知识资源有四个方面的作用，即降低知识资源的使用成本，提高知识资源的档次，拓宽知识资源的受用范围和提高知识资源的利用效率。在西部地区大力发展知识服务业必须具备如下四个条件：一是树立知识资源观；二是专门的知识服务机构和知识服务中介组织的设立；三是知识需求和人才资料的信息化；四是健全法制和完善管理。     

资源利用的责任原则——西部资源开发的市场法则

社会主义计划经济资源利用的责任原则虽然强调公平,但不利于提高效率,社会主义市场经济需要的是资源所有权具有排他性和完整性的制度安排,资源利用的责任原则也有外在性,也会产生财富分配效应、投资需求结构效应和消费需求结构效应,从而影响公平和效率,需要通过产权界定,实现外在性问题内在化,实现资源的有效利用。     

完善资源税制 保护西部环境

实施西部大开发战略对于加快西部经济的发展是不可多得的历史机遇。然而,西部地区脆弱的生态环境,严重地制约着西部乃至全国经济和社会的可持续发展。因此,在西部大开发战略的实施过程中,应采取各种措施保护、合理开发和有效利用自然资源,使西部的环境免遭进一步的破坏。和其他措施相比较,资源税有独到之处,但现行税制仍有缺陷和不足,因此,资源税的完善应引起我们的高度重视。一、西部地区的生态环境严重制约着西部乃至全国的发展任何一个地区经济的发展都需要以良好的环境为基础。生态环境的恶化,不仅会使资源枯竭、威胁人类的生…     

西部大开发中自然资源保护与潜力研究

西部自然资源开发存在开损率高、利用率低的特点，造成西部生态环境的恶化。在未来的西部大开过程中，应走自然资源充分利用之路，使每种定量资源对经济的贡献达到最大化，避免把西部大开发变成西部大“开挖”。可再生性自然资源充分利用，应坚持开采的速度小于再生的速度的原则；不可再生资源的充分利用措施有资源替代和提高资源利用率；资源的充分利用应加强制度方面的保证。     

以土地资源开发推动西部发展

从资源保护、环境保护和可持续发展的高度认识西部开发，土地资源是西部最丰富、最重要的自然资源。土地资源开发是西部开发的基石，土地资源开发是国家可持续发展的根本。通过土地资源开发，营造西部良好的自然环境，不仅西部受益，还将惠及其他地区。应以创新精神实施西部土地资源开发，以国土治理为导向，谁治理谁受益，以此吸引人才、资金和其他资源向西部流动。     

Distribution characteristics of China's key cultural relic tourism resources and suggestions to its development and protection

SPSS13.0 was used to process the data of the 1-6 batch of key cultural relic conservation units promulgated by the State Administration of Cultural Heritage of China; and multi-element evaluation method was used to calculate the composite distribution index.The spatial distribution of cultural relics of provinces in China can be divided into four grades,namely：very rich areas,rich areas,poor areas and very poor areas; the article analyzes the characteristics of cultural resources in spatial and temporal distribution.The paper holds that（1）the distribution of China＇s cultural relic tourism resources is relatively concentrated,different sharply from region to region,with more Han nation＇s heritage,less relics of the ethnic minorities; （2） Henan,Hebei,Shaanxi,Shanxi Province are the main regions with heavy distribution of cultural resources; （3） relics appeared in specific time periods in China＇s history.Ming and Qing Dynasties,Sui,Tang and Five Dynasties,Song,Liao and Jin,the Western Han,Shang and Zhou dynasties,the New Stone Age are the major periods producing more cultural relics.This paper also analyzes relationships of the emergence of cultural relics with production technology,specific historical process,specific geographical location,political system,religion,national culture,customs,architectural styles and techniques of the traditional cultural educational system.Finally,the paper discusses the development and protection of heritage.     

Study on security and protection of original ecotourism resources in the mountain areas of western Guangxi

Original ecotourism resources mainly refer to natural and human original ecotourism resources, and it＇s of fragility, rarity and irreversibility. As a valuable historic heritage and hnportant tourism resources, it plays a significant role in developing tourism and economy in such areas as the underdeveloped areas, the mountain areas and mimority areas. The tourism resources in the western mountain areas of Guangxi owe ,superiorities and characteristics ＇o their original ecology, Yet, western Guangxi is an ethnic region with fragile karst eco-environment, so it is specialto exploit the tourism resources. The paper defines original eeotourism and analyses the specialties and advantages of the original ecotourism resources as well as thefrailty of the ecotourism resources of the region. The ways of thinking are put forward for safe preservation and sustainable development of the original ecotourism resources, i.e. carrying out measures for the multi-grade protection of heritage resources, setting up a ethnic eco-museum/ ethnic culture eco-park and a gene pool of ethnic cultures, etc.     

Economic principles and fundamental model of the sustainable utilization of ecological resources

1. Introduction The mainstream of present economy is the green eco-economy, including green products, green production, green consumption, green market, green industry, and so on. These are the concrete demands of sustainable development for economic life. With the development of economy, society and science and technology and the increase of the population, the abundant ecological resources become more and more scarce [1]. So the quantity and quality of eco- logical resources can’t increasin…     

土地资源利用与生态环境保护交互耦合关系及规律研究

土地资源利用与生态环境保护交互耦合是经济社会发展进程中的必然现象.梳理好相互间的耦合关系及变化规律是建设生态文明的重要前提条件.文章在界定土地资源利用与生态环境保护交互耦合内涵的基础上,深入透视二者交互耦合发展的驱动因素,辨析二者交互耦合的关系,揭示了二者交互耦合发展的规律.     

试论经济发展与耕地资源保护

工业化、城镇化是我国现代化的大趋势，在这个过程中势必要占用一部分耕地，如何协调双方均衡发展，是摆在我们面前的一大课题。国家明确了土地资源保护和管理“必须严而又严”的总要求，提出了在经济发展中“在保护中求发展，在发展中求保护”的总原则。为此，本文根据近7年来土地锐减的现状，分析了经济快速发展中的耕地基本现状，探讨了耕地保护的必要性和重要性，根据“最大限度地发挥资源的经济效益，社会效益和环境效益”的总方针，紧紧联系我国的实际情况，提出了经济发展中耕地保护的途径。     

西藏矿产资源开发中存在的主要问题及对策

西藏有着丰富的矿产资源。近年来，在西藏矿产资源不断开发利用的过程中存在如：开发利用程度低、技术落后、管理体制不完善等问题。文章通过深入探讨西藏矿产资源开发利用过程存在的主要问题，从而提出解决这些问题对策，以保障西藏矿产资源的可持续利用和发展。     

阆中古城旅游资源的开发与保护

阆中是中国历史文化名城之一,历史悠久,旅游资源丰富,同时具有较大的开发潜力。本文提出了维护古城原貌,采取可持续发展模式及“多赢性”开发对策,力求做到旅游资源开发与保护的均衡性发展,走阆中旅游产品品牌化道路。     

Protect the Environment and Speed up the Sustainable Development of Chinese Agriculture

Strengthening the environmental protection, deepening rural reform, increasing agricultural input, and promoting a more stable and higher-speed growth of peasants＇ income, all of these are playing a very important role in the sustainable development of agriculture. The environment problems are not only economic problems, but also important political problems. And they constitute an urgent and arduous task that we meet, and need a long time to be conquered. Under the present new historical circumstances, we should establish a scientific development philosophy, strengthen the environment protection, and build up a harmonious society in which urban and rural areas are progressing coordinately.     

Further development and sustainable utilization mode of grassland tourism resources: a case study of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China

Tourism resources are important foundation for the development of tourism industry. Grassland is not only a kind of important resource but also a great attraction to visitors. Therefore, the integrated development and sustainable utilization of grassland tourism resources are of great significance. This paper, based on the analysis of literatures and the current problems existing in grassland tourism, summarizes the speciality of grassland tourism development, deals with the problem of speciality, and raises the modes of regional development, product development and management. This paper takes Inner Mongolia, the famous grassland tourism destination as example and carries out empirical research. Based on the status quo of grassland tourism resources in Inner Mongolia, this study analyzes the character- istics of grassland tourism resources, the necessity and feasibility of integrated development, then proposes the following suggestions: idea for development, mode of development, regional cooperation, tourism products development, espe- cially the three modes of development based on the resources conditions - the mode of relying on market, the mode of combination aggregation and the mode of relying on quality.     

Further development and sustainable utilization mode of grassland tourism resources： a ease study of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China

Tourism resources are important foundation for the development of tourism industry.Grassland is not only a kind of important resource but also a great attraction to visitors.Therefore,the integrated development and sustainable utilization of grassland tourism resources are of great significance.This paper,based on the analysis of literatures and the current problems existing in grassland tourism,summarizes the speciality of grassland tourism development,deals nation as example and carries out empirical research.Based on the status quo of grassland tourism resources in Inner Mongolia,this study analyzes the characteristics of grassland tourism resources,the necessity and feasibility of integrated development,then proposes the following suggestions： idea for development,mode of development,regional cooperation,tourism products development,especially the three modes of development based on the resources conditions - the mode of relying on market,the mode of combination aggregation and the mode of relying on quality.