农村信用体系建设对农民专业合作经济组织发展影响分析

农民专业合作经济组织已是带动农村经济发展和推进新农村建设的重要载体,对加快新农村建设具有积极作用。但近年来,在农民专业合作经济组织发展中也出现了一些问题,特别是自身信用程度和信用环境问题造成农村专业合作组织融资难和贷款难等一系列问题的制约,农民专业合作经济组织发展还很不稳定。本文主要从农村信用体系建设角度分析农村信用体系建设对农民合作经济组织发展产生的影响。     

对农村“三信”建设的调查与思考

自农村"信用户、信用村、信用乡(镇)"(简称三信)建设以来,有力的推动了农村信用体系建设,营造了良好的农村信用环境,促进了农村经济金融的良性发展。     

构建农村信用体系的分析与建议

农村信用体系建设是现代农村经济发展的基石。加快农村信用体系建设,对改善农村信用环境和融资环境,促进资金对"三农"的有效持续投入,支持农村经济社会快速健康发展起到重要的促进作用。近年来,以信用村镇建设、信用户评定为主要内容的农村信用体系基本建设工作取得了显著成效。但由于工作措施、开展方式等方面存在诸多问题,农村信贷环境没有从根本上好转,已严重影响了金融机构在农村地区的信贷投放,因此,加快农村信用体系建设步伐迫在眉睫。     

农村信用体系建设存在的问题及建议——以吉林白城为例

乡村振兴富裕路,信用建设是桥梁。打通农村金融服务“最后一公里”,需要打造良好的农村信用环境。积极营造“守信光荣,失信可耻”的氛围,有助于将农村信用体系建设向纵深推进。树立“人人争当信用户,村村争创信用村”的诚信意识,不仅疏通了农村信用体系建设在推广建设中的堵点,也使得更多的金融“活水”注入到乡村振兴的浪潮中来。而农村信用体系建设也恰恰在一定程度上也补齐了农村金融覆盖不全的短板。但目前该项工作的开展还存在征信工作权责界限不清、农村信用信息共享壁垒难突破、农户信用观念有待提升、农村信用贷款风险较高等诸多问题。本文以吉林白城为例,梳理出白城市农村信用体系建设的做法和举措,探究其中存在的问题和不足,并提出具有针对性的意见和建议。这对进一步完善农村信用体系建设,有效地构建社会信用体系具有重要的意义。     

合作共建农村信用体系的建议

农村信贷市场需求旺盛,农村信用社不良贷款占比较高,影响了其它涉农金融机构的投放信心,信贷投放量日趋萎缩,阻碍了农村经济结构调整的步伐.建设优良的农村信用体系,有利于促进涉农金融机构的信贷投放,实现农村信贷环境的良好循环.农村信用体系建设要形成社会合力,实现农户信用信息档案共享,统一评定信用村、信用户、信用协会、信用乡镇...     

山西省农村信用体系建设探析

农村信用体系建设对于改善农村金融生态环境,促进农村经济发展,提高农民收入具有较强的现实意义.结合山西省农村经济发展基本情况和农村信用体系建设取得的成绩,从基本概念、建设原则、试验区和信用信息系统平台建设、诚信宣传、惩戒机制建设等七个方面对农村信用体系建设提出了一些建设性思路和方法.     

对灌云县农村信用创建现状调查与思考

一、灌云县农村信用创建工作现状 1、农民信用意识明显提高。随着农村信用建设的逐步推进．农民守信观念显著增强，特别是农户《贷款证》的及时发放，有效缓解了守信农户的贷款难问题，及时帮助了大部分农户发展了农业生产项目，走上了脱贫致富之路。而信用户评定工作更是密切了农村信用社与农民之间的有效联系，减轻了农村信用社收贷收息负担。多年以来，该县发放的农村小额信用贷款不良率始终控制在2％以内。     

着力改善农村信用环境,推动发展普惠金融——以普洱市镇沅县为例

农村信用体系建设是提高农村金融服务水平,增强农户信用意识,改善农村信用环境和融资环境的一项重要基础性工作。农村信用体系建设主要是依托农村地区金融机构为农户、农民专业合作社、农村地区中小企业等农村经济主体建立电子信用档案和信用评价体系,改善农村地区的信用环境,引导金融机构增加对"三农"的信贷投入,促进农村经济发展,实现农民增收、农业增效、金融稳健的系统化工程。这项工作不仅是社会信用体系建设的重要组成部分,而且是社会主义新农村建设的重要内容。     

着力改善农村信用环境,推动发展普惠金融——以普洱市镇沅县为例

农村信用体系建设是提高农村金融服务水平,增强农户信用意识,改善农村信用环境和融资环境的一项重要基础性工作。农村信用体系建设主要是依托农村地区金融机构为农户、农民专业合作社、农村地区中小企业等农村经济主体建立电子信用档案和信用评价体系,改善农村地区的信用环境,引导金融机构增加对"三农"的信贷投入,促进农村经济发展,实现农民增收、农业增效、金融稳健的系统化工程。这项工作不仅是社会信用体系建设的重要组成部分,而且是社会主义新农村建设的重要内容。     

让“信用”之花盛开郑和故里--晋宁县信用县创建浅析

农村信用体系建设是优化和改进农村金融生态环境的一项系统工程,也是促进社会主义新农村建设的重要组成部分。农村信用体系建设与我国实现农业现代化的升级,加快农业农村经济的发展,构建社会主义和谐社会的推进密切相关。是改善农村基本公共服务的重要基础工作,是建立现代农村金融制度的基础。“三农”问题历来是党和国家工作的重中之重,也是经济又好又快发展的重要基础和维护社会稳定、城乡繁荣的重要保证。推动农村信用体系建设,建立农户电子信用档案,开展农户信用评价,推进“信用户,信用村,信用乡（镇）”创建活动,进而推动信用县的创建,引导更多涉农金融机构支持农户小额信用贷款,扩大对“三农”的资金投入,将从根本上解决农民贷款难、融资成本高的难题,对改善农村信用环境及融资环境,促进农村经济社会持续健康发展均具有十分重要的意义。     

Almanac of anticipations: The age of affluence—of anticipation—of anxiety—of automation—of discontinuity—of longing—of overkill—of space exploration

With this survey of developments in the futures field since 1945, I.F. Clarke completes his present series for Futures. He makes two major points: that forecasting techniques have become essential tools in the management of change; and that nuclear weapons and ecological problems have added a moral dimension to the study of the future. In the next issue of Futures he will start a new series on the range of future-thinking in the USA, from the expectations of the first settlers to the Star Wars programme.     

基金公司经营融资融券业务的问题审视

融资融券业务正式运营已经开展,为证券市场带来了革命性的改革,作为证券市场的一大主体,基金公司面对融资融券也迎来了新的发展方向和挑战,本文从融资融券业务的运行机制入手,分析了基金公司融资融券的新契机,并对其即将面临的问题进行审视和剖析,进而提出策略建议.     

对基层人民银行科技工作的几点建议

银监会分设后,人民银行将专司货币政策、金融稳定、金融服务三大职能。作为人民银行的分支机构,基层人民银行的工作重心也将从金融监管调整到这三大职能上来。人民银行的科技部门,就要积极运用科技手段,为人民银行履行新的职能发挥“服务、支持、促进、发展”的作用。一、围绕三大职能搭建五大平台经过“六五打基础、七五作准备、八五大发展”几个阶段后,人民银行相继实现了核算电算化、清算网络化和办公信息化。特别是近一两年来,陆续开通了大额支付系统、信贷登记咨询系统、会计四集中系统、金融信息服务网站等系统,人民银行信息化水平又…     

The Usefulness of Measures of Consistency of Discretionary Components of Accruals in the Detection of Earnings Management

Abstract:  Prior research has shown the prevalence of measurement error in models used to estimate aggregate discretionary accruals. In these models, the incremental information content of the various components of accruals is ignored. Limited prior research and data gathered from firms under Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) litigation indicate that managers use either one or more than one component of accruals simultaneously, in a consistent way to manipulate bottom-line earnings in a given direction. I propose two measures that capture the consistency between the discretionary components of accruals and test their significance in earnings management (EM) detection in firms that have artificially added accrual manipulation and firms that were targeted by the SEC for accrual manipulation. There is evidence that this information is incrementally useful in detecting EM. This finding paves the way for improvements in the discretionary accruals measure by including consistency information from the components of aggregate accruals.     

社会主义所有制形式的改革、完善与共产党执政能力的提高

在中国,所有制形式的调整、改革与完善,先进生产力的发展,党的执政能力建设,是社会主义建设过程中密切结合在一起的三个不同层面的发展关系.应在相互促进和共同提高中促进社会的和谐发展,保证社会主义现代化建设战略目标的顺利实现.     

Summary of Results of Survey of Seminar Attendees

Abstract

The Society of Actuaries undertook a three-phase research project on mortality improvement in the three NAFTA countries: Canada, Mexico, and the U.S. Phase 1 consisted of a literature review of papers on projecting mortality levels in the future and a study of the trend in mortality improvement during this century. Phase 2 consisted of a discussion of different facets of modeling mortality rates at a seminar attended by 79 experts (actuaries, demographers, economists, and medical researchers) representing different countries. The last session of the seminar consisted of the completion of a survey by the attendees to obtain input for Phase 3, which would analyze the impact of mortality improvement on the social security system of each country. This paper summarizes the results of the survey.

The survey results illustrate the difficulty in forecasting mortality levels, because the effects of many factors that could have significant impact on mortality rates are unknown. This suggests the need for dynamic forecasting, which allows for the possibility of random shocks. A majority of the survey respondents believe that stochastic forecasting models, despite their complexity, have significant potential to add value. Respondents also believe that both historical data and cause-specific mortality forecasts are useful as input and also in validating forecasts of the aggregate levels of mortality. The challenge is to develop more sophisticated forecasting models to produce results that are relatively easy to interpret and to communicate these results to the desired audiences, including the public and policymakers.

The survey results suggest that the aggregate effect of lifestyle changes, medical advances, diseases, catastrophe, and physical environmental changes is an increase in life span. However, there is much uncertainty about the future. Respondents expect that beyond the year 2020 the mean annual rate of reduction in mortality for males age 65 and over will average about 0.58% for Canada, 0.76% for Mexico, and 0.67% for the U.S. The results for the female age 65 and over population are 0.64%, 0.83%, and 0.70%, respectively. The age 65 and over population is expected to see larger percentage reductions in mortality than the 0–14 and 15–64 populations. The reductions in male and female mortality will be ultimately the same, and the mortality levels in the three countries will ultimately converge, although differences may persist for decades.     

Separation of Unit of Account from Medium of Exchange

The separation of a unit of account (UoA) from a medium of exchange (MoE) in the commodity–money system is investigated by considering explicitly a seller's choice of UoA in terms of either an MoE or a unit of metal weight. If the likelihood of debasement of an MoE and its rate are high enough, the price is posted in terms of a unit of metal weight rather than an MoE. Interestingly, this MoE–UoA separated equilibrium yields the flexible nominal price, whereas an MoE–UoA integrated equilibrium yields the sticky one. This implies the nominal price rigidity in the fiat‐money system where MoE and UoA are integrated.     

银行软件项目外包管理分析

一、引言随着国民经济的不断发展,银行业务与外部企业的联系越来越密切。银行正逐步成为现代经济活动的中心,作为数据处理核心的银行业务应用也越来越大型化、越来越复杂化,因此许多银行也把软件项目逐步由原来的自主开发转变为与公司合作的方式,或直接外包开发的方式,银行本身的技术人员也逐步由开发转向项目管理。二、项目外包的分类银行项目的外包有以下几种情况:①部分子系统外包,有时由于银行的软件项目太大,单靠银行自身的开发力量基本无法在预定的时间内完成项目,只好把相对独立的部分外包;②直接购买软件公司的成熟产品,有些金融软…     

银行管理信息平台建设发展的思考

一、目前国内银行IT发展现状及面临的问题 银行数据集中工作的完成,标志着银行的业务由电子化建设阶段转入信息化建设阶段.一方面银行数据的集中提供了丰富全面的基础数据,面对日益庞大的数据源,如何将数字转化为对银行有用的信息,并从中发现知识,为银行的经营决策提供支持,是摆在银行IT人员面前的一个亟待解决的问题.另一方面用户对银行信息的需求日益增长,如果银行没有一套完整、实用的信息管理系统,将对业务发展非常不利.南京爱立信公司倒戈花旗银行事件曾经轰动一时,其中一个重要原因就是中国本地银行不能满足爱立信全球总部对南京爱立信公司的要求:每周财务上报和每天贷款限额管理.这一事件为中国商业银行的未来发展敲响了警钟,如果不加快管理信息系统的开发,迅速提升业务管理水平,类似的事件还会接连不断地发生,并最终导致国内商业银行在同国外商业银行的竞争中全面溃败.     

Properties of time-series estimates of degree of leverage measures

Empirical studies suggest that time-series regression estimates of the degrees of operating and financial leverage have a tendency to produce measures less than one. According to ex ante theory, these measures should be greater than one for firms operating above the breakeven point. There have also been suggestions that the biases in these estimates may be attributable to an underlying increase in unit sales. This work presents evidence that these counter-intuitive measures are produced by changes in the firm's operating parameters (unit price, variable cost, fixed cost and interest payments). It further suggests that attempts to control for the underlying change in unit sales substantially increase the volatility of predicted estimates.