邮政储蓄小额信贷——激活农村金融

2005年12月，中国银监会批准在福建、湖北、陕西三省首批开办邮政储蓄定期存单小额质押贷款业务试点，并于2006年8月将试点扩大到13个省份，2007年3月扩大到全国。这是中国邮政恢复开办储蓄业务以来首次推出的资产类业务，标志着邮政储蓄持续20余年的“只存不贷”历史正走向终结。     

农村小额信贷拓展研究

从小额信贷的运作模式和存在的瓶颈分析了我国农村小额信贷发展现状,阐述了小额信贷存在的问题。继而从宏观和微观两方面对制约我国农村小额信贷发展的因素加以分析,涉及到法律法规、政府行为、管理机制、资金持续性、贷款利率和期限及信贷风险等。针对制约因素,借鉴国外经验,提出对策建议,即完善法律法规、加大扶持力度、创新融资渠道、推动信贷组织金融创新和加强风险防范,藉此实现我国农村小额信贷的健康发展。     

农村小额信贷浅析——以濮阳市农村贷款互助合作社为例

小额信贷是为低收入贫困人口提供信贷服务的一种信贷方式.我国20世纪90年代引入小额信贷,但农村小额信贷仍处于很不成熟的阶段.博弈论作为数学中的一个重要分枝在经济学中有着广泛的应用.本文首先基于不对称信息博弈论建立模型,并结合实际情况对金融机构的农户小额贷款进行了分析.在此基础上,以濮阳市农村贷款互助合作社为实例对模型进行了论证.     

小额信贷的立法探讨

建立一个小额信贷的法律框架是扩大小额信贷的发展规模和进行有效的风险控制所必需的。印度尼西亚、玻利维亚、加纳等国小额信贷的立法实践为我国小额信贷立法的完善提供了借鉴意义。我国有必要针对小额信贷进行高层次的专门立法,对不同种类小额信贷的准入、转型、监管、信用等制度加以规范和完善,以充分发挥小额信贷在扶贫、就业、支持中小企业发展方面的重要作用,促进社会和谐。     

我国小额信贷模式的选择

小额信贷作为服务农村的一项金融工具经过几十年的发展,形成了不同的模式。我国小额信贷不能简单模仿他人模式,要找出适合本国的模式。旨在探讨我国小额信贷模式问题,通过分析我国小额信贷中存在的问题,对我国小额信贷模式提出建议。     

我国小额信贷模式的选择

小额信贷作为服务农村的一项金融工具经过几十年的发展,形成了不同的模式。我国小额信贷不能简单模仿他人模式,要找出适合本国的模式。旨在探讨我国小额信贷模式问题,通过分析我国小额信贷中存在的问题,对我国小额信贷模式提出建议。     

浅析农村信用社小额信贷的发展

农村小额信贷在缓解农村金融市场货币供求矛盾、拓宽信用社资金运用渠道、优化农村金融结构等方面已取得了显著的经济效应。但目前我国小额信贷项目大部分仍处于发展初期,仍需要政策改革和制度创新,以实现小额信贷的可持续发展。     

探悉小额信贷的发展模式

小额信贷经过二三十年的发展,目前在国际国内已形成了许多种模式。本文研究小额信贷发展的国际模式和中国模式,并在此基础上提出我国小额信贷发展的对策建议。     

小额信贷保险初探

发展小额信贷保险对于防范小额信贷风险、建立社会主义和谐社会具有很强的现实意义。我国也已经有这方面的实践,但是仍然需要从各方面加以完善。     

The impact of bank supervision on loan growth

This paper quantifies the short-term and long-term impact of bank supervision (measured using CAMEL composite and component ratings) on different categories of loan growth: (a) commercial and industrial loans, (b) consumer loans, and (c) real estate loans. For each of these categories, we perform dynamic loan growth equations at the state-level augmented by the inclusion of CAMEL ratings for all banks in the state, after controlling for banking and economic conditions. We perform these regressions for two distinct sub-periods: (1) 1985–1993 (which covers the credit crunch period) and (2) 1994–2004 (which covers the sustained recovery period). For the first period, 1985–1993, we find that out of the three loan categories considered, business lending is the most sensitive to changes in CAMEL ratings (both the composite and the components), although the other loan categories also show some sensitivity. Overall, however, we find little evidence suggesting that the effects of changes in any of the components of CAMEL ratings differ systematically from the effects of changes in the composite CAMEL. For the second period, we find little evidence that changes in CAMEL ratings (the composite or its components) had any systematic effect on loan growth for any of the loan categories considered.     

国际会计中集团公司财务管理问题探索

现行国际会计制度对于我国的集团财务管理有着重大的影响,集团公司的财务管理目标应建改立在整体的基础上,我们应该从国际会计的视角发现集团财务管理的问题,并加以改进。     

The impact of prudential toolkits on loan growth in Central and Eastern European banking systems

This paper examines the effects of prudential policy on loan growth in 11 Central and Eastern European banking systems, spanning the period from 2000 to 2015. Based on the measures taken by the authorities of our sample countries, we build several prudential indices. Additionally, we control for the effects of several country-specific factors and bank-specific characteristics. Finally, we test the homogeneity of these effects, accounting for cycle, ownership, and bank effects. Generally, the empirical findings reveal a negative correlation between prudential toolkits and credit growth, with a conspicuous impact for tools targeting lending activity. We see that the effects of a change in the lending framework on loan growth are heterogeneous when we account for crisis and cycle patterns. Furthermore, the interaction between ownership and crisis reveals that, in normal times, foreign banks recorded higher loan growth compared to domestic banks. The opposite is true in turbulent times. The analysis of interactions between credit-based measures and bank-specific variables show that the effects of prudential actions depend on the bank size and leverage.     

Clearinghouse loan certificates as a lender of last resort

Looking across multiple panics of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, this paper treats borrowing of clearinghouse loan certificates as borrowing from a lender of last resort. We evaluate individual bank use of clearinghouse loan certificates in New York City using bank balance sheet data. Bank capital ratios do not predict positive net borrowing. Lower pre-panic reserve ratios increased the probability of positive net borrowing of loan certificates. Bank borrowing behavior from a lender of last resort remained relatively constant across all three crises considered.     

Quantitative easing and the loan to collateral value ratio

We study optimal monetary policy in a New Keynesian model at the zero bound interest rate where households use cash alongside house equity borrowing to conduct transactions. The amount of borrowing is limited by a collateral constraint. When either the loan to value ratio declines or house prices fall, we observe a decrease in the money multiplier. We argue that the central bank should respond to the fall in the money multiplier and therefore to the reduction in house prices or the loan to collateral value ratio. We also find that optimal monetary policy generates a large and persistent fall in the money multiplier in response to the drop in the loan to collateral value ratio.     

营养学理论的探究

文章在对营养学教学现状分析的基础上,对营养学教学的内容选择及教学方式改革进行了探讨实践。     

企业社会责任内部控制体系构建探讨

社会责任是内部控制的重要组成部分,积极履行社会责任有利于实现企业的综合价值。本文把社会责任内部控制分为战略计划、全面执行和评价鉴证三个阶段,以内部控制要素为基础,建立企业的社会责任内部控制的框架体系,为企业社会责任的履行实行更有力的约束。     

小额贷款公司的问题及出路

小额贷款公司是金融创新的成果,其短期、高效的运作特点为我国农村金融市场注入活力,进一步促进“三农”发展。文章以小额贷款公司为主,深入分析其产生的背景,以及存在的问题,积极探索突破制约小额贷款公司发展瓶颈的优化路径,为小额贷款公司的发展提供理论和实践依据。     

Risk preference heterogeneity in group contests

We analyze the first model of a group contest with players that are heterogeneous in their risk preferences. In our model, individuals’ preferences are represented by a utility function exhibiting a generalized form of constant absolute risk aversion, allowing us to consider any combination of risk-averse, risk-neutral, and risk-loving players. We begin by proving equilibrium existence and uniqueness under both linear and convex investment costs. Then, we explore how the sorting of a compatible set of players by their risk attitudes into competing groups affects aggregate investment. With linear costs, a balanced sorting (i.e., minimizing the variance in risk attitudes across groups) always produces an aggregate investment level that is at least as high as an unbalanced sorting (i.e., maximizing the variance in risk attitudes across groups). Under convex costs, however, identifying which sorting is optimal is more nuanced and depends on preference and cost parameters.     

吉伦台-塘坝4勘查区八道湾组三段含煤性与煤质特征

新疆尼勒克煤田吉伦台-塘坝4勘查区位于天山褶皱带西部,具山间盆地特征。文章通过煤岩特征与含煤性、煤层与空间展布、煤质特征、煤质类型与风氧化特征等分析,阐述了八道湾组三段含煤性与煤质变化特征。