The human resources approach to manpower,education and income distribution planning

This paper first presents the hypothesis relating the education of the labor force to production, along with some observations about its statistical verification. The conceptual basis for the manpower approach to educational planning appears next, followed by a discussion of its use with and without the assumption of constant labor productivity. Finally, the human resources approach to manpower and educational planning is extended to include income distribution planning. The method developed is applied to Mexico.     

Bayesian Fuzzy Regression Discontinuity Analysis and Returns to Compulsory Schooling

This paper is concerned with the use of a Bayesian approach to fuzzy regression discontinuity (RD) designs for understanding the returns to education. The discussion is motivated by the change in government policy in the UK in April of 1947, when the minimum school leaving age was raised from 14 to 15—a change that had a discontinuous impact on the probability of leaving school at age 14 for cohorts who turned 14 around the time of the policy change. We develop a Bayesian fuzzy RD framework that allows us to take advantage of this discontinuity to calculate the effect of an additional year of education on subsequent log earnings for the (latent) class of subjects that complied with the policy change. We illustrate this approach with a new dataset composed from the UK General Household Surveys. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

保护历史文化名城的生动一课——从杭州市河坊街改造规划谈起

本文从杭州市河坊街改造规划引起的大讨论,说明广大市民参与规划工作,对于提高广大市民保护历史文化名城的意识是一次极好的普及教育,对于规划工作者是保护历史文化名城的生动一课。     

Innovation attributes and pedagogical quality: a concretization of joint theories on course management systems acceptance

The utilization of information and communication technologies in support of teaching and learning is still on its way to expand its potentials in higher education. Facing different venues of course delivery, computer-mediated communication technologies seem to be the most efficient and cost-effective. Since the mid-1990s, course management systems (CMSs) have gradually evolved, and taken an irreplaceable important role in higher education. From the perspectives of pedagogical impact and instructional resource consumption, Morgan (2003) considered that CMSs form the academic system equivalent of enterprise resource planning systems. Based on an extensive review on the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and Innovation Diffusion Theory (IDT) at the outset, this study bridges the TAM and IDT, and proposes a conceptual model of the acceptance of CMSs to acknowledge antecedents (i.e., innovation attributes, self-efficacy (SE), pedagogical quality (PQ) and perceived evaluation of function (EF)). Theoretically, the perceived innovation attributes of CMSs impact users’ perceived usefulness (PU) and actual use (AU). The antecedents, such as SE, PQ, and EFs, are also anticipated to have impacts on the AU and use of perception. PU is influenced by perceived ease of use (PEOU), while behavioral intention (BI) is concurrently influenced by PEOU and PU. Moreover, AU is influenced by BI. Finally, discussion and suggestions for future research of the proposed model are also provided.     

高职学生管理的几点思考

高职学生管理工作是办好高职教育不可缺少的重要方面,对学院的发展、稳定及人才的培养起着非常重要的作用。本文从高职学生管理的理念与方法、规章制度、自我管理三个问题逐个谈起,进行一下必要的探讨和思考。     

浅论山东省高校新校区建设的规划与管理

为适应高等教育的飞速发展,全国范围内正在兴起建设高校分部校区的高潮。"大学城"等字眼我们已并不陌生,在各高校新校区建设时期,高校基建管理工作在高校管理中作为工作重点之一来抓。建设分部新校,校园规划也至关重要,而其中办学模式起着关键性的作用。     

Efficiency measurement of higher education units using multilevel frontier analysis

Journal of Productivity Analysis - This study aims at evaluating the crucial effects of incorporating heterogeneities and hierarchies in the efficiency evaluation of higher education units through...     

浅谈高职院校融入形体课的必要性

本文通过对形体课的涵义以及高职院校开设形体课的必要性的讨论,旨在说明高职院校融入形体课的重要性以及形体课的开设对高职院校体育教学起到一个辅助补充的作用和对社会就业需求起到一个铺垫作用。     

Risk Preferences and Asset Ownership: Integrating Prospect Theory and Transaction Cost Economics

We integrate prospect theory into the discussion of Transaction Cost Economics (TCE) to illustrate how risk aversion may affect integration decisions. In particular, we argue that risk aversion creates incentives to acquire assets in situations where neither opportunism nor transaction‐specific investments are present, provided the assets in question can change in value unpredictably during their use. Our theory illustrates that risk aversion could connect opportunism, asset specificity, and uncertainty with integration decisions in the presence of incomplete contracts. Our theory complements and extends TCE by showing the role of risk aversion in integration decisions under bounded rationality and contract incompleteness. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

浅议高职院校学生职业生涯规划教育的实施

随着生涯规划教育理论在我国高职院校的普及和开展,高职生的生涯规划教育正作为一个研究课题备受关注。本文在开展高职生职业生涯规划必要性研究的基础上,提出高职特色的职业生涯规划教育的内容和主要方法,探讨了高职院校中实施职业生涯规划教育的保障措施。     

In Search of Theory Development in Grounded Investigations: Doctors' Experiences of Managing as an Example of Fitted and Prospective Theorizing

This article draws on a study of doctors’ experiences of clinical managing to highlight research conventions that limit the development and use of middle range theories in grounded studies. Using sensemaking and the psychological contract as example frameworks, we illustrate how customary deductive evaluations of middle range theories turn grounded researchers away from theory building. As a correction to these conventions, we offer an inductive approach to building existing theory in grounded investigations that does not depend solely on working with frameworks under different empirical conditions. We suggest that forward theorizing is most likely to progress from a synthesis of fitted explanation and prospective thinking that presses at the limits of the data's usefulness. To illustrate this approach, trialled thinking about novel theoretical juxtapositions and alternative sources was used in conjunction with our clinical director data. The value of this approach was supported in two ways. First, a number of fitted and prospective conjectures are offered about how social identity articulates with psychological contracts and sensemaking in role change situations. Second, new light is shed on the process by which particular social conditions differentially modify employees’ social categorizations, and how these inform employee responses to the evolving experience of role change. The article concludes with some tentative proposals for promoting more discussion of theory building in grounded investigations.     

The Use of Forecast Accuracy Indicators to Improve Planning Quality: Insights from a Case Study

Abstract

Accounting studies have analyzed rolling forecasts and similar dynamic approaches to planning as a way to improve the quality of planning. We complement this research by investigating an alternative (complementary) way to improve planning quality, i.e. the use of forecast accuracy indicators as a results control mechanism. Our study particularly explores the practical challenges that might emerge when firms use a performance measure for forecast accuracy. We examine such challenges by means of an in-depth case study of a manufacturing firm that started to monitor sales forecast accuracy. Drawing from interviews, meeting observations and written documentation, we highlight two possible concerns with the use of forecast accuracy: concerns related to the limited degree of controllability of the performance measure and concerns with its goal congruence. We illustrate how organizational actors experienced these challenges and how they adapted their approach to forecast accuracy in response to them. Our empirical observations do not only shed light on the possibilities and challenges pertaining to the use of forecast accuracy as a performance measure; they also improve our understanding of how specific qualities of performance measures apply to ‘truth-inducing’ indicators, and how the particular organizational and market context can shape the quality of performance measures more generally.     

高职院校图书馆在大学生综合素质教育中的作用

高职院校图书馆在大学生综合素质教育中具有课堂教育不可替代的文化优势、环境优势和服务优势,与素质教育的方方面面有着诸多的密切联系,并且在大学生的综合素质教育中能够发挥独特而重要的教育作用。高职院校图书馆应利用自身所拥有的丰富的文献资源,通过没有围墙学校的知识传授,促进大学生自身素质的内在资源健康发展,只有这样,中国的发展才能不断呈现新的生机和活力。     

Social networks and citizen election forecasting: The more friends the better

Most citizens correctly forecast which party will win a given election, and such forecasts usually have a higher level of accuracy than voter intention polls. How do citizens do it? We argue that social networks are a big part of the answer: much of what we know as citizens comes from our interactions with others. Previous research has considered only indirect characteristics of social networks when analyzing why citizens are good forecasters. We use a unique German survey and consider direct measures of social networks in order to explore their role in election forecasting. We find that three network characteristics –  size, political composition, and frequency of political discussion – are among the most important variables when predicting the accuracy of citizens’ election forecasts.     

逐步取消二级公路收费形势下工会开展职工思想教育工作的探讨

思想教育在提高职工思想素质、调动职工工作积极性、增强单位凝聚力等方面发挥着重要作用。文章阐述了逐步取消二级公路收费对职工思想的影响,并对工会开展职工思想教育工作现状进行了分析,最后结合当前职工思想动态,对如何开展思想教育问题进行了探讨。     

Too many theories,too few facts? What the data tell us about the link between span of control,compensation and career dynamics

In this paper, we use a unique personnel dataset from a large European firm in an high tech manufacturing industry that provides information about hierarchical relationships. This unusually rare feature allows us to identify the chain of command. We provide a few stylized facts about the link between span of control, compensation and career dynamics and relate our findings to the existing theoretical literature of hierarchies in organizations: the assignment model, the incentives model, the information processing model, the supervision model, and the knowledge-based hierarchy model. We observe an increase in the span, an increase in wage inequality between job levels, and the introduction of a new hierarchical level. We also find that higher spans of control are associated with higher wages. The knowledge-based hierarchy provides the most likely explanation for these results when communication costs are decreasing. However, we also find evidence of learning and reallocation of talent within and across job levels, a finding that can not be explained by a static model of knowledge based hierarchy but rather by dynamic models of careers in organizations. Finally, we provide a few suggestions to enrich the existing theoretical literature and reconcile it with the facts.     

高职教育的区域化发展策略分析

文章在详细分析高职教育与区域经济发展协同共生的基础上,指出高职教育走区域化发展道路是必然的,并重点探讨了高职教育区域化发展的策略性问题,以期为高职教育的可持续、科学发展提供思路。     

Physical accessibility as a social indicator

A discussion is presented of the ways in which accessibility to employment and urban services constitute an important measure of the quality of urban living, and how accessibility might, therefore, be included as an important component of a “social report” for a city or region. A conceptual framework is introduced for measuring accessibility in terms of the ease with which citizens may reach a variety of opportunities for employment and services. This framework is interpreted as an approach to evaluating transportation and regional plans which differs from approaches based upon travel volumes and travel times which are currently employed in urban transportation planning and evaluation. The use of the proposed measures of accessibility is illustrated with data on accessibility to employment and health care facilities in Los Angeles, and these data are interpreted to illustrate differences in accessibility as a function of spatial location of residence, and socio-economic status.     

西宁市商业中心区位演化的影响因素初探

影响城市商业中心演化的因素很多,社会经济发展、人民生活水平提高,城市商业业态发展、城市规划等。这些因素对每一个城市的影响各不同,就是同一个城市在不同的时期其作用也有差异。在参考国内研究城市商业中心影响因素的基础上,结合西宁市的现状选取了几个我国城市规划专业常用的因素进行分析,如政策因素、人口因素、道路交通因素、商业业态等其他因素分析,指出了西宁市商业中心区位演化的最重要的影响因素。