全球价值链参与对出口产品质量的影响

基于微观企业数据,研究了全球价值链分工对出口产品质量的影响,得到以下结论：从整体上看,企业GVC上游参与程度提高有助于提升出口产品质量,而下游参与程度提高阻碍了出口产品质量的提升。从分组检验中看,企业GVC上游参与度提高对出口产品质量有稳健的正效应;而下游参与度提高的效应对于不同特征的组别存在差异,加工贸易企业GVC下游参与度提高有利于产品质量的提高,而一般贸易企业GVC下游参与度提高不利于产品质量的提高;外资企业GVC下游参与度提高的质量效应较明显,而对于国有企业该效应较弱;低技术类型企业GVC下游参与度的提高有助于产品质量提升,而对中、高技术类型企业来说则有显著的负效应。文章还发现GVC下游参与通过"中间品效应"、"溢出效应"渠道提升了出口产品质量。     

DETERMINANTS OF DONATIONS: EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM TAIWAN

In this paper, data from the 1999 Survey of Social Development Trend (SSDT) in Taiwan were used to examine the effects of income, tax price, as well as demographic variables on donations to different types of nonprofit organizations. The findings of this paper suggest that the effect of income on the level of donations was positively significant only for charitable and religious donations, but not for other types of donations. In addition, lowering the tax price of a donation exerted a significant effect on the probability of making donations only for religious contributions, but it also raised the level of contributions both for charitable and religious donations. The effects of most demographic variables were significant for the participation decision for all the different types of donations, but not significant for the levels of donations to academic, medical, and political organizations.     

The Causal Effects of Participation in the American Economic Association Summer Minority Program

This article examines whether participation by underrepresented minority groups in the American Economics Association Summer Minority Program (AEASMP) has causal effects on outcomes associated with success as academic economists. We estimate both propensity score weighted and Heckit parameter estimates of (1) the average effect of treatment and (2) the effect of treatment on the treated. Our results, which vary across specifications of potential outcomes and propensity score truncated samples, suggest that AEASMP participation by black American Ph.D. economists has a positive and causal impact on 4 outcomes associated with success as an academic economist. However if the probability of selection into the treatment by the nontreated is similar to that of the treated, the results suggest that AEASMP participation by black American Ph.D. economists has a positive and causal effect on research productivity and in gaining access to research funding.     

Evidence on the Volunteer Labor Supply of Married Women

I estimate a significant, positive wage elasticity of married women's volunteer labor supply from 1975 to 1976 U.S. time diary data. Increases in the number of children in the household significantly raise participation rates but reduce volunteer hours. I find weak support for a sequential time allocation model of volunteering where the wage as the opportunity cost of time has only a second-order effect on volunteer hours. Increased hours of market work for married women decrease their volunteering. Cash and time donations are complements at the volunteer participation level but substitutes in terms of married women's volunteer hours.     

长三角地区绿色经济发展对制造业升级的影响

基于2013—2019年长三角地区16个地级市的面板数据,在测度出绿色经济发展水平和制造业升级水平的基础上,利用固定效应模型和面板门限模型分析绿色经济对制造业升级的影响效应。研究表明,绿色经济对制造业升级具有显著正向影响。绿色经济对制造业升级的正向影响存在基于政府科技投入的单门限效应,相较于少量的政府科技投入而言,较多的政府科技投入会使该正向促进作用有所减弱。绿色经济对制造业升级的正向影响还存在基于制造业集聚度的双重门限效应,当制造业集聚度低于第一个门限值或高于第二个门限值时,绿色经济发展对制造业升级的正向推动作用显著,当制造业集聚度处于两个门限值之间时,绿色经济对制造业升级的正向影响不显著。     

Looking good by doing good: CEO attractiveness and corporate philanthropy

We investigate the effect of male corporate managers' physical appearance—classified into unattractive, average-looking, and attractive—on the philanthropic decisions of Chinese listed firms. We find that compared to average-looking managers, those who rated as attractive do not engage more actively in corporate donations. On the contrary, the probability of donating is approximately 5% higher for unattractive managers than for average-looking managers; further, unattractive managers donate 95% more in charitable giving. To explain these findings, we propose a psychological channel through which physical appearance may influence male managers' charitable donations: Because altruistic behaviors may aggrandize individuals, managers conscious of deficits in their own physical attractiveness may engage in prosocial behavior to increase their attractiveness in the eyes of others. We find consistent evidence that the effect of managers' unattractiveness on philanthropic decisions is stronger in firms with weaker corporate governance; further, we find that the positive impact of corporate donation on financial performance observed in firms led by attractive and average-looking managers is substantially weaker in those firms led by unattractive managers.     

产出波动、需求转移与出口退税的出口激励效果——一个基于中国出口面板数据的研究

本文在出口竞争模型基础上分析了出口退税、产出波动和需求转移对中国出口的影响,结果发现,出口退税对出口具有显著的促进作用,而这种出口的激励效果在不同的时期有显著的差异。其中,危机时期出口退税的出口激励效果高于承平时期的出口激励效果。这一结果表明,适时提高出口退税率是危机时期我国刺激出口的一条行之有效的措施。     

Responsible Behavior of Irresponsible Companies: Air Pollution and Charitable Donations of Polluting Companies

The relationship between air pollution and charitable donations of companies has received little attention from academia. To make up for this defect, we use a regression discontinuity design based on the spatial discontinuity in air pollution created by China's winter heating policy in the north of Qinling Mountains–Huai River line to examine whether severe air pollution may cause polluting companies to make charitable donations. Our results consistently show that air pollution has a positive impact on the donations of polluting companies, regardless of whether the absolute donations, the relative donations, or the willingness to donate are used to measure donations. A series of robustness tests confirm that this relationship is causal. Furthermore, we find that under severe air pollution, the motivations of polluting companies to implement donation behaviors are to decrease the probability of environmental penalties, reduce environmental pollution costs, and decrease the extent to which air pollution affects company reputations.     

VAT rebates as trade policy: Evidence from China

Value-added tax (VAT) rebates are a commonly used export-promoting policy. This paper exploits China's frequent adjustments of VAT rebates and large-scale data on export transactions to estimate the effects of VAT rebates on exports. Our difference-in-differences estimations show that the negative adjustments of VAT rebates in our sample period significantly reduce export value and quantity by 15.30% and 19.75%, respectively. This shows that the trade policy of VAT rebates is very effective. We also find that the effect of VAT rebates on exports operating through extensive margins is larger than the effect through intensive margins. Moreover, we find that the pass-through of VAT rebates to importers is around 47%.     

环境规制对我国省级产业结构优化的影响效应研究

环境规制是解决经济可持续增长和环境恶化两难困境的重要工具,环境规制在保护环境的同时能否促进产业结构的升级,是政策制定者重点关注的问题。运用非线性模型和门槛回归模型分析了环境规制对产业结构优化的非线性影响及其影响机制,并探讨环境规制影响产业结构优化的门槛效应。研究发现,环境规制对产业结构优化存在U 型影响,并且这种影响效应在东部和西部地区显著。环境规制能够通过提高技术创新水平和扩大国际贸易规模加快发挥对产业结构优化的积极影响。门槛检验结果发现,存在环境规制的双重门槛效应,随着环境规制强度的提高,环境规制对产业结构优化的影响效应由抑制转为促进,又转为抑制作用。     

企业捐赠与企业价值——基于捐赠动机的视角

近年来，随着企业社会责任意识的增强，企业的捐赠行为逐渐得到广泛关注，并对企业的经营管理产生影响。基于信号传递理论与委托代理理论，以 2008-2021 年 A 股上市公司为样本，对企业的捐赠动机进行区分，分析不同的捐赠方式对企业价值产生的影响是否存在差异。同时考察了股东性质和产权性质在企业捐赠与企业价值关系之间的作用。最后，进一步研究了媒体关注度和投资者关注度的作用机制。研究结论表明：企业公益性捐赠会显著促进企业价值的提高。从长期来看，企业救济性捐赠可以通过提高媒体关注度与投资者关注度对企业价值产生积极影响。研究结论揭示了在不同捐赠动机下，企业捐赠对于提高企业价值所产生的作用，不仅证实了企业履行社会责任在促进企业可持续发展中的重要作用，而且有助于企业积极进行慈善捐赠，对助力社会实现共同富裕目标具有实践意义。     

How Does Corruption Influence the Effect of Foreign Direct Investment on Economic Growth?

Abstract

We investigate the effect of foreign direct investment (FDI) on economic growth in 130 countries from 1995 to 2008, considering the role of corruption in each country as an absorptive factor. The estimation results indicate that although FDI alone does not promote economic growth, it has a significant effect on economic growth if the interaction term between FDI and corruption is considered. Specifically, FDI has a positive impact on economic growth when corruption is severe, but a negative impact if corruption is below a certain threshold.     

Investigating Treatment Effects of Participating Jointly in SNAP and WIC when the Treatment Is Validated Only for SNAP

The U.S. Department of Agriculture operates several food assistance programs aimed at alleviating food insecurity. We study whether participation in both participation in both SNAP and WIC alleviates food insecurity compared with participation in SNAP alone. We bound underlying causal effects by applying nonparametric treatment effect methods that allow for endogenous selection and underreported program participation when validation data are available for one program (treatment) but not the other. We estimate average treatment effects using data from the National Household Food Acquisition and Purchase Survey (FoodAPS). FoodAPS includes administrative data to validate SNAP participation. Information on local food prices allows us to construct a food expenditure‐based monotone instrumental variable that does not require a typical instrumental variable exclusion restriction. Under relatively weak monotonicity assumptions, we identify that the impact of participating in both programs relative to SNAP alone is strictly positive, suggesting that the programs are nonredundant. This evidence can support improved design and targeting of food programs.     

FDI对职工工资水平的影响——以浙江省为例

FDI给浙江省经济发展产生影响的同时,也给职工的工资水平产生了影响,有学者得出结论,全国FDI促进了职工平均工资水平的增加,也有学者得出相反或是不确定的结论。但具体到浙江省,FDI对职工平均工资水平产生了怎样的影响呢？本文根据浙江省1985—2011年的时间序列数据,引入FDI和平均工资变量,通过构建协整模型对浙江省FDI、职工平均工资水平这两个变量进行动态分析。结果表明：无论是长期还是短期,FDI都对浙江省职工工资水平都产生了正面的影响,但长期的影响要比短期显著。     

信仰与捐赠:宗教让人更加慷慨了吗?

文章拟从慈善捐赠的角度分析宗教信仰对个体经济行为的影响。文章基于CGSS2012全国微观调查数据，使用线性回归模型、受限因变量回归模型以及工具变量法，发现宗教信仰在个体捐赠决策中扮演着重要角色。研究结果表明，相对于无宗教信仰者，有宗教信仰者进行货币性捐赠的概率以及额度更大，这种慷慨不仅表现在宗教捐赠，还表现在世俗捐赠。此外，文章还发现不同宗教信仰者之间的货币性捐赠也差异迥然，总的来看，相对于低救赎性宗教信仰，高救赎性宗教信仰对捐赠行为的促进作用更为明显。     

数字普惠金融对农村产业融合的影响

农村产业融合发展是实现乡村振兴的重要方向,基于2014—2020年省级面板数据,运用空间杜宾模型研究数字普惠金融对农村产业融合的空间影响,并进行门槛效应分析。研究发现,数字普惠金融与农村产业融合之间在空间分布上存在明显的依赖性,即存在显著的空间正相关,在考虑内生性和稳健性之后结果仍然成立;数字普惠金融对农村产业融合的影响不是纯粹的线性关系,而是具有双重门槛的特征;数字普惠金融覆盖广度、使用深度和数字化程度也对农村产业融合有显著的正向作用,且促进作用都具有双门槛特征。因此,针对如何进一步提高数字金融对农村产业融合的推动作用提出了相应的政策建议。     

人口老龄化对碳排放绩效的影响效应研究

基于全国30省2011—2020年面板数据测度碳排放绩效,并构建门槛效应模型探究人口老龄化与碳排放绩效的关系,并通过PSM-DID稳健性检验以增强门槛效应结果可信度。实证结果表明：（1）人口老龄化对碳排放绩效有正向影响,且存在门槛效应;（2）城镇化率作为门槛变量,发现其存在单门槛效应,并跨越门槛值后促进效应显著增加;（3）东部地区人口老龄化对碳排放绩效产生正向作用,而中西部地区人口老龄化对碳排放绩效具有抑制作用。     

慈善捐赠与技术创新关系研究——基于A股上市公司实证数据

基于2010—2019 年 A股上市公司样本,将内部控制作为调节变量,构建模型,研究慈善捐赠与技术创新的关系,以及内部控制在慈善捐赠和技术创新关系中的调节作用。结果表明：慈善捐赠与技术创新呈显著正相关,说明企业进行慈善捐赠可以促进企业技术创新;内部控制对慈善捐赠和技术创新之间具有正向调节作用。最后提出相关建议。     

公众参与与行风测评有效性——基于被评组织感知的探索性研究

文章采用内容分析法考察A市行风测评中公众参与的状况,并基于被评组织的感知运用结构方程模型研究公众参与对行风测评有效性的影响。研究表明,A市行风测评中公众参与处于从强化公众对政策理解状态向促进公众与公共管理者伙伴关系建立状态发展的阶段,但被评组织对公众参与的态度存在一定差异;被评组织对公众参与的态度会直接影响其对测评结果质量的感知,并间接影响对测评结果使用和测评效果的感知。因此,政府绩效评价工作中保持被评组织对公众参与的积极态度,对增强被评组织对行风测评有效性的正面认识和对行风测评的认同感有重要意义。同时,由于目前被评组织对公众参与态度不一,政府绩效评价中引入和强化公众参与需谨慎并注意其渐进性。     

Does Outward Foreign Direct Investment Facilitate China's Export Upgrading?

This paper empirically investigates the impact of China's outward foreign direct investment (OFDI) on its export sophistication. Using a provincial‐level panel dataset and applying fixed effects and instrumental variable regression techniques, the study finds that, on average, OFDI has no significant impact on China's export sophistication. However, after the full sample is divided into different regions, the study finds that OFDI has a positive and significant impact on export sophistication in the developed coastal region, but no such impact is observed in the less developed inland regions. Further investigation using a panel threshold model reveals that only when GDP, per capita GDP, human capital, and the research and development intensity of a home economy reach a certain level can OFDI promote export sophistication. The findings suggest that accelerating eco nomic development and increasing absorptive capacity can facilitate the contribution of OFDI to China's export sophistication.