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山,是一色的碧绿,绿得晶莹醉人;水,是一样的洁净,净得不忍手拂;洞,是同样的深幽,幽得恍若世外……普者黑,一方超乎想象的山水,宛若一幅没有尽头的丹青水墨画铺陈开来,让人在不知不觉中情醉其闻.…… 相似文献
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普者黑,彝语“PUZEHEI”,意为鱼虾多的池塘、甜蜜的地方,位于云南省文山壮族苗族自治州邱北县城西北13公里。这里拥有中国独一无二的喀斯特山水田园风光,山似桂林,水胜西湖,是山、水、洞的大串联。青峰碧水迂回相映,湖中有洞,洞中有景,呈现出“秀、奇、古、纯、幽”的自然景色, 相似文献
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60年风雨,60年欢笑.新中国成立60周年以来,人们的娱乐生活从无到有,从单调到多姿多彩,娱乐的载体、休闲的观念都发生了翻天覆地的变化.新中国60年的容颜幻化,在娱乐参与方式、光影和书本的记载中得到了最精确的表达,具体到我们每个人,就是那些伴随我们成长的快乐和悠闲的时光. 相似文献
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Researchers use microdata to study the economic development of the United States and the causal effects of historical policies. Much of this research focuses on county- and state-level patterns and policies because comprehensive sub-county data is not consistently available. We describe a new method that geocodes and standardizes the towns and cities of residence for individuals and households in decennial census microdata from 1790–1940. We release public crosswalks linking individuals and households to consistently-defined place names, longitude-latitude pairs, counties, and states. Our method dramatically increases the number of individuals and households assigned to a sub-county location relative to standard publicly available data: we geocode an average of 83% of the individuals and households in 1790–1940 census microdata, compared to 23% in widely-used crosswalks. In years with individual-level microdata (1850–1940), our average match rate is 94% relative to 33% in widely-used crosswalks. To illustrate the value of our crosswalks, we measure place-level population growth across the United States between 1870 and 1940 at a sub-county level, confirming predictions of Zipf’s Law and Gibrat’s Law for large cities but rejecting similar predictions for small towns. We describe how our approach can be used to accurately geocode other historical datasets. 相似文献
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Bart Nooteboom 《De Economist》1990,138(3):256-275
Summary The book ThePopperian Legacy in Economics (editor Neil de Marchi, Cambridge University Press, 1988) is recommended as a well-composed overview of different approaches to economic methodology, the struggle of economists with the attractions and frustrations of Popper's methodology of falsification, and attempts to strike out in new directions. The overall result is confusion, but a confusion which is worth taking note of and which offers both a challenge and some hints for a search for progress. Part two of the article attempts to take up that challenge. 相似文献
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时隔三十二年,同样是突如其来的大地震灾害,但上至中央政府,下至普通百姓,面对这一切,却表现出了截然不同的反应。三十二年间,人的观念、心态都在发生着变化. 相似文献
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In an ultra-globalized industry, all existing firms service all markets (beyond partitioning and back to Krugman’s world). Moreover, intense competition may force firms with low productivity to compensate for losses at the home market with profits made on foreign markets. This raises the question: are there still gains from further trade liberalization in such a situation? We present a simple and tractable heterogeneous firms specification to address this question. The answer we find is this: yes, even more. 相似文献
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Recent investigations into cross-country convergence followMankiw, Romer, and Weil (1992) in using a log-linear approximationto the Swan-Solow growth model to specify regressions. Thesestudies tend to assume a common and exogenous technology. Incontrast, the technology catch-up literature endogenises thegrowth of technology. The use of capital stock data rendersthe approximations and over-identification of the Mankiw modelunnecessary and enables us, using dynamic panel estimation,to estimate the separate contributions of diminishing returnsand technology transfer to the rate of conditional convergence.We find that both effects are important. 相似文献
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Kempe Ronald Hope 《The Review of Black Political Economy》1999,26(4):75-92
Conclusion Africa’s economic recovery in the 1990s, though somewhat fragile, is very encouraging. Policy reforms, primarily in the form
of SAPs, have led to improved economic performance. However, as we approach the post-SAPs era of the 21st century, African
countries need to intensify efforts in the pursuit of sound policies and further structural reforms. Much higher growth rates,
exceeding 7 percent annually, are deemed as necessary to be attained and maintained over a longer period for there to be meaningful
reductions in poverty.
This paper has advocated a set of policy areas which need to be given priority in Africa as the 21st century approaches. African
countries are in a better position now, than anytime since the crisis of the 1980s, to build a path toward sustainable development.
In that regard, maintaining market-oriented policy reforms remains the imperative for the immediate future and beyond. It
is now up to Africa’s leaders to provide the requisite leadership for a home-grown, rather than donor driven, attempt at sustainable
socio-economic development. 相似文献