某微型车前纵梁与前轮罩连接结构改进

整车可靠性路试和小批量造车是检验车身设计是否成功的重要手段。文章针对某微型车前轮罩总成的结构件在整车耐久性路试(路试里程为39 000 km)中的开裂问题、生产车间关于此部分零件的造车问题反馈以及冲压工艺问题进行分析,并成功地解决和优化。     

举升门铰链加强板的结构设计改进

针对整车可靠性路试过程中举升门铰链处内板开裂问题进行实质性分析,提出若干优化方案,以达到降低举升门铰链处内板应力值,提高举升门系统性能的目的.文章应用CAE软件进行强度分析计算,总结了铰链加强板结构设计的一些经验教训.     

前围板与前车架搭接结构的优化设计

文章针对整车耐久性路试中前围板与前车架搭接处前围板焊点开裂问题,通过对微车常见的前围板与前车架搭接结构进行研究,提出结构优化方案,经过CAE模拟校核及整车耐久路试验证,验证了方案的可靠性,有效保证了前围板与前车架的连接强度,同时对整车车身强度及功能安全起到至关重要的作用。     

一种车门防尘密封结构的优化研究

针对整车可靠性路试过程中微车中门漏灰问题进行防尘试验及拆车分析,文章提出2个优化方案以提高中门防尘密封的使用性能,从而达到提高中门系统性能的目的。并结合汽车防尘实验及拆车分析,总结了中门防尘的结构设计经验和教训,可为新车型开发的结构设计提供参考。     

一种车门防尘密封结构的优化研究

针对整车可靠性路试过程中微车中门漏灰问题进行防尘试验及拆车分析,文章提出2个优化方案以提高中门防尘密封的使用性能,从而达到提高中门系统性能的目的。并结合汽车防尘实验及拆车分析,总结了中门防尘的结构设计经验和教训,可为新车型开发的结构设计提供参考。     

汽车空调压缩机支架模态优化

空调压缩机是空调系统的核心部件,通过支架安装在发动机缸体上,导致支架长期处于振动的恶劣工作环境中,容易引起空调压缩机发生振动,导致空调压缩机不能平稳、安全、可靠地进行工作,影响发动机的性能,并影响到整车的NVH性能。因此,空调压缩机支架的结构设计直接影响整车的NVH品质。文章通过有限元分析的方法,对空调压缩机支架进行了模态分析,并对支架进行了结构优化,实现了支架模态提升的预期效果。     

微车滑移门开裂的结构设计改进

针对整车可靠性路试过程中对微车滑移门外板窗框开裂问题进行实质性分析,提出若干优化方案,以达到降低微车滑移门窗框处外板应力值和提高中门系统性能的目的。文章结合CAE软件进行强度分析计算,总结了中门前窗框位置的外板及外板加强板结构设计的经验和教训,为新车型开发的结构设计提供参考。     

车身侧发动机罩铰链结构设计优化

文章针对车辆在整车可靠性路试过程中车身侧发动机罩铰链断裂问题进行实质性分析，并借助CAE强度分析软件找出断裂原因，提出若干优化改进措施，合理布置车身侧铰链安装位置，从而达到降低应力集中，防止铰链断裂的目的，并在对发动机罩铰链断裂经验教训总结的基础上，提出发动机罩铰链前期布置和开发设计优化建议。     

汽车喇叭安装点结构的仿真模拟及试验研究

某车型汽车喇叭支架安装点在振动耐久试验中发生多起疲劳开裂失效的问题。文章针对试验结果进行分析,对现有的汽车喇叭安装点进行了模态和强度分析,确定了安装点开裂的主要原因是模态过低,结构刚度不足,振动疲劳开裂,提出了结构改进方案,并且该方案通过了试验验证,完全解决了喇叭安装点开裂的问题,效果十分显著。结果表明,应用CAE仿真模拟和试验相结合的方法可以有效地预测汽车喇叭安装点结构设计是否满足刚度设计的性能要求。     

一种滑移门抖动异响结构改进

文章针分析了整车可靠性路试过程中滑移门后侧门在行驶过程中抖动异响的问题,并找出原因,通过控制生产工艺过程及更改导向轮的理论及公差设计,重新进行路试验证,降低滑移门在行驶过程中抖动异响问题的发生率,提高滑移门系统性能,从而提高客户对产品的感知质量。并总结了解决滑移门抖动异响问题的前期设计经验,为新车型的结构设计提供参考。     

Development in Information and Communications Technology (ICT) Statistics at the Australian Bureau of Statistics

This paper outlines the ICT statistical developments that the ABS has undertaken over recent years. These developments have been on both the supply side (ICT industry) and the demand side (use of IT by sector). The content of ABS ICT surveys has changed significantly over the last few years and are expected to develop further in line with industry changes and emerging policy needs.
Recent developments in household collections have been the inclusion of IT use questions in the 2001 Census of Population and Housing and in various ABS social surveys such as Children's Participation in Culture and Leisure Activities. Annual business IT use surveys are now conducted and include topics such as Internet commerce and IT security. Biennial ICT industry surveys are conducted to provide data on ICT production, imports and exports, ICT industry employment, performance and structure information. An Internet activity survey is run every six months and provides regional Internet access details and infrastructure details on Internet service providers.
A major development for 2002–03 will be the compilation of an ICT satellite account. ABS intends to produce an ICT Information Development Plan to guide its future statistical development work in the ICT field.     

Incumplimiento del salario mínimo en Europa central y oriental

En este estudio se analiza el incumplimiento del salario mínimo durante el periodo 2003–2012 en diez países de Europa central y oriental con salario mínimo obligatorio nacional. A partir de los datos de EU‐SILC y la metodología propuesta por Bhorat, Kanbur y Mayet (2013), se cuantifica la incidencia y magnitud del incumplimiento. Se realizan análisis de regresión sobre determinantes individuales, laborales y macroeconómicos. Aunque la incidencia permanece relativamente baja, los trabajadores a los que se dirigen las políticas de salario mínimo parecen los más expuestos a su incumplimiento. Con el tiempo, una mayor incidencia se asocia a una razón más alta entre salario mínimo y salario medio.     

Value at Risk in the Suburbs: Eminent Domain and the Geographical Politics of the US Foreclosure Crisis

Several US counties and local governments have recently considered a novel solution to the foreclosure crisis. They plan to use eminent domain to compel the owners of mortgage debt—and specifically of private‐label mortgage‐backed securities—to sell the debt to the government at a price reflecting the loan's market value. The government would then restructure the debt and resell it to new investors. The plans are striking because—in contrast to both development‐driven eminent domain and the federal subprime bank bailout—they would force investors to assume asset devaluation and increased long‐term risk. Notably, the plans have emerged as an instance of financialization‐focused politics in suburbs and suburban cities of color, specifically majority‐black and ‐Latino/a suburbs. Local support for the plans, we argue, is rooted in the long‐term disinvestment of these ‘suburbs of exception', which became targets of subprime lending and eventually sites where the ‘financial exception' has been localized. But these demographic shifts, fragmentation and fiscal pressures have at the same time created a suburban political terrain in which the plans have gained their strongest political support.     

Towards a Theory of Serendipity: A Systematic Review and Conceptualization

Serendipity – the notion of making surprising and valuable discoveries – plays a major role in the success of individuals and organizations alike. Previous research has established the importance of serendipity and identified important individual- and organizational-level antecedents. However, the literature has been dispersed and the boundaries of the concept have been blurry, leading to a lack of conceptual clarity and structure, and thus limiting validity and managerial actionability. Based on a systematic literature review, I synthesize existing management-related research on serendipity and explicate the emergence and composition of serendipity in the organizational context. I first identify three necessary conditions that differentiate serendipity from related concepts such as luck or targeted innovation: agency, surprise, and value. Then, I draw from the literature on sensemaking, event-based theorizing, and quantum-based approaches to management to conceptualize the process of cultivating serendipity in the organizational context as a process of enabling potentiality and materialization, and develop a multi-level theory of (cultivating) serendipity. This conceptualization contributes to our collective understanding of how, why, and when (i.e., under what conditions) organizations can leverage the value in the unexpected, which opens up fruitful avenues for further research.     

Accountability of NGOs in Bangladesh A critical overview

NGOs in Bangladesh have been recognized as effective change agents in the socio-economic arena throughout the world. Their contributions in micro credit, non-formal education and primary health care are widely known. NGOs play a significant role in society. NGO accountability, as a result, has become a critical issue. NGO accountability in Bangladesh has been examined here in relation to patrons, clients and themselves. Of the three relationships only accountability to patrons is in a near satisfactory state. Accountability to clients is handicapped by lack of opportunities of beneficiaries to participate meaningfully in NGO policy making. Accountability to themselves is adversely affected due to the adherence to a strictly hierarchical system and the influence of founding and charismatic NGO leaders.     

Towards an Asian model of human resource management? A comparative analysis of China,Japan and South Korea

There has been much discussion regarding the possible decline and weakening of national systems of human resource management (HRM). Yet, culture and institutions are often cited as the major stumbling blocks to this outcome. Such constraints may dissipate in the analysis, particularly if ‘regional clusters’ are considered where geographic and cultural closeness and ‘openness’ to similar economic pressures exist. In such cases, it might be postulated that convergence in HRM will occur. We argue that China, Japan and South Korea represent such a cluster. This article examines these countries, to see if a degree of convergence is taking place and if it is towards an identifiable ‘Asian’ model of HRM. A model of change is presented that distinguishes between levels of occurrence and acceptance. Details of the development and practice of HRM in each country are then set out. The article ends with a discussion and implications section and a brief conclusion.     

Cultural Economy Planning in Creative Cities: Discourse and Practice

While a growing body of research analyses the functional mechanisms of the cultural or creative economy, there has been little attention devoted to understanding how local governments translate this work into policy. Moreover, research in this vein focuses predominately on Richard Florida's creative class thesis rather than considering the wider body of work that may influence policy. This article seeks to develop a deeper understanding of how municipalities conceptualize and plan for the cultural economy through the lens of two cities held up as model ‘creative cities’ — Austin, Texas and Toronto, Ontario. The work pays particular attention to how the cities adopt and adapt leading theories, strategies and discourses of the cultural economy. While policy documents indicate that the cities embrace the creative city model, in practice agencies tend to adapt conventional economic development strategies for cultural economy activity and appropriate the language of the creative city for multiple purposes.     

Input/output ranges and performance: an examination of US machine tool producers

Despite the establishment of high-tech multinational enterprises (MNEs) in Ireland since the late 1950s, the country did not succeed in closing the technological gap with most of its EU counterparts. The weak National System of Innovation (NSI), and in particular low business and government R&D levels, combined with a lack of research and technology linkages between MNEs and indigenous firms, explain these poor results. However, the Shannon region in the West of the country presents some specific institutional characteristics that could theoretically make the region a strong technological enclave. The various actors in the region - i.e. the administrative, financial, political and research institutions, as well as the business organizations - have indeed infused a new type of economic development. After a brief review of the available concepts and models articulated around these actors and their interrelationships, the paper analyses whether the Shannon region, taken as an illustrative example, mirrors a specific economic and technological localized setting. The study is based on a survey of indigenous and foreign firms.     

Sixty years of discrimination and diversity research in human resource management: A review with suggestions for future research directions

This article reviews discrimination and diversity research published in Human Resource Management (HRM) over the past 60 years. While discrimination and diversity are very different constructs, it is often informative to study them together, because when people recognize each other's diversity, this can result in bias, stereotyping, and discrimination. We conducted bibliographic searches for terms related to discrimination and diversity as well as a manual search through every title and abstract published in HRM over the last 60 years to assess article relevance. The search resulted in 135 research articles with 136 unique studies (i.e., samples) which are reviewed in this article. Sex and race are the demographics that have been examined the most in HRM, while religion has been examined the least. Moreover, the number of studies examining lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) employees in the workplace in HRM has grown quickly within the past 10 years, culminating in a recent meta‐analysis. Our review looks at some of the earliest research published, the most recent research published, and the overall trends we identified in the research over the years for both discrimination and diversity articles. We then make future research suggestions and recommendations to advance the study of discrimination and diversity in the coming years.     

Multinomial distributions applied to random sampling of particulate materials

When sampling a batch consisting of particulate material, the distribution of a sample estimator can be characterized using knowledge about the sample drawing process. With Bernoulli sampling, the number of particles in the sample is binomially distributed. Because this is rarely realized in practice, we propose a sampling design in which the possible samples have a nearly equal mass. Expected values and variances of the sample estimator are calculated. It is shown that the sample estimator becomes identical to the Horvitz–Thompson estimator in the case of a large batch-to-sample mass ratio and a large sample mass. Simulations and experiments were performed to test the theory. Simulations confirm that the round-off error due to the discrete nature of particles is negligible for large sample sizes. Sampling experiments were carried out with a mixture of PolyPropylene (PP) and PolyTetraFluorEthylene (PTFE) spheres suspended in a viscous medium. The measured and theoretical variations are in good agreement.