Imperfect Competition and Total Factor Productivity Growth

This article examines the role of imperfect competition in determining total factor productivity growth (TFPG) by bringing together a New Empirical Industrial Organization (NEIO) model and the TFPG model of Good, Nadiri and Sickles (1999). Application of the integrated model to 1973–1992 data from 29 food processing industries revealed that, overall, changes in markups, economies of scale, and demand growth contributed positively to TFPG while the disembodied technical change was a negative contributor. Furthermore, the factors underlying the TFPG estimates are interactive and their net effects are starkly different from the conventional Solow (1957) residual TFPG measures, underscoring the need to account for imperfect competition, returns to scale, and demand growth in analyses of this type.     

Nonparametric Methods for Evaluating Economic Efficiency and Imperfect Competition

This article unifies and extends ideas from nonparametric production analysis and DEA for testing organizational efficiency. We show how the admissible price set can be restricted to account for prior information on prices. These restrictions may relate prices to input and output quantities in order to test noncompetitive behavior of the evaluated decision making unit. While the resulting efficiency tests cannot always be cast into linear programming problems, we discuss various solution strategies for the tests. Thereby we consider the question when does local optimality of the result guarantee global optimality. We also show how the decision maker's preferences, for example ranking information, can be adopted into DEA models in a simple manner. Finally, the approach with price restrictions is illustrated with an application to test noncompetitive behavior of the pulp and paper industries in Finland.     

Forecasting the Past

Bezien wij het probleem van economische voorspelling. Wij nemen aan dat dit met een model gebeurt. Over dit model wordt de volgende veronderstelling gemaakt: Het model is een lineair stelsel van stochastische differentie-vergelijkingen. Om een voorspelling te kunnen doen met behulp van het model, hebben wij cijfers nodig omtrent de uitgangstoestand. Deze uitgangstoestand behoort tot het recente verleden, waaromtrent de statistische informatie nog on-volledig is. Dit doet het volgende probleem rijzen: Kan men het model ook gebruiken om de uitgangstoestand te “voorspellen”? Dit probleem verschilt van dat van het voorspellen van de toekomst, doordat we een additionele eis moeten stellen. De “voorspelde” vector van uitgangswaarden moet in overeenstemming zijn met de beperkte statistische informatie die wèl beschikbaar is. De auteur pakt dit probleem aan, door het minimaliseren van een gewogen som van de storingstermen in de afzonder-lijke relaties van het model. Het algoritme, waartoe dit aanleiding geeft, wordt tamelijk gedetailleerd besproken.     

SaaS采纳决策的不完美动态博弈

利用双价模型分析提供不同服务类型的SaaS服务提供商与客户在不同市场类型中的博弈均衡,发现不同市场类型会对客户的购买行为产生影响,但并不会影响其对SaaS服务提供商类别的选择。该研究丰富了双价模型在不同市场类型中的均衡条件,并对SaaS服务市场构建有一定指导意义。     

Imperfect information and the housing finance crisis: A descriptive overview

We now know that the subprime market presented consumers with sub-optimal choices that they took, and that it contained many market imperfections. The interesting question, then, is what were the sources of imperfections. In the spirit of providing an introduction for this special issue of the Journal of Housing Economics, this paper g discusses possible sources of market failure. Market imperfections in the Mortgage Finance System are classic: asymmetric information and agency problems. But we argue that the asymmetries and agency problems were not one-sided, but rather involved a multiple set of problems that need to be addressed.     

Shadows of the Past:

A bstract . Sociologists have studied various forms of prejudice, but seldom their own. G. Wright Mills emphasis on the relationship of history, Social structure and biography encourages us to reflect on our own case. In the present instance, the attitudes and beliefs of a Welsh-American are examined in social context. Three implicit themes are revealed: (1) the sociological perspective is essential in understanding self ; (2) for self-knowledge no biography is more important than one's own; (3) the examination of the origin of personal prejudices may aid in understanding, more than condemning, those of others.     

非完善油井流入动态模型研究

Vogel建立了溶解气驱油藏无因次IPR曲线方程,Standing在Vogel方程的基础上建立了非完善井的IPR曲线方程。但这一方程并未得到国内外学者的认可,纷纷指出Standing方程计算结果不正确。本文找出了Standing方程错误的原因即引用了错误的流动效率计算公式。作者在正确理解、引用两相流流动效率计算公式的基础上重新建立了溶解气驱油藏非完善井流入动态方程,该方程的正确性得到了数值模拟结果的佐证。     

不完全竞争行业最优外资规模研究

本文通过建立内资企业与外资企业相互竞争的博弈模型，对东道国不完全竞争行业的最优外资企业数量和最优外资企业生产份额进行了探讨。本文的研究结果表明：对于产品需求弹性较小、技术人员的平均产值较高、内外资企业生产效率相差较大的行业，较高的外资企业生产比例有利于国民利益。在本国技术人员供给增加的情况下，适当增加外资企业的数量有益于本国的经济利益。     

一类变质性物品在不稳定生产系统中的最优生产库存策略

讨论了在固定生产率和需求率下,一类变质性产品在允许缺货的不稳定生产系统中生产库存策略.假设变质率是常数.且生产系统从正常状态转移到失控状态的时间长度服从负指数分布,证明了最优生产时间存在,并给出了算法和算例.     

不完全市场下的期权定价理论综述

由于B-S定价公式是在完全市场条件假设下推导出来的,这与现实存在很大的出路,因此后来的学者就针对市场条件状况,研究了不同市场条件下的期权定价,其中以不完全市场条件下的期权定价为主,这显然与事实更加吻合。不完全市场主要可以分为带交易费用的期权市场、存有违约风险的期权市场以及信息不完全的期权市场。文章在此基础上,分析总结了在这个市场假设条件下的研究现状,并给出了未来值得深入研究的方向:主要是进一步放松B-S定价模型的假设条件,引入更多的现实因素,深入研究不同市场状况下的期权定价问题。     

标杆管理的过去、现在和将来

为何开展标杆管理？新西兰组织卓越研究中心（COER）主任、全球对标网（GBN）主席罗宾·曼博士在2012年12月5～7日的世界经营能力会议上进行了阐述。此次大会与第7届国际标杆管理会议合并举行。会上举行了标杆管理小组讨论、新西兰最佳实践竞赛和全球标杆管理奖的颁奖仪式,GBN终身荣誉主席罗伯特·坎普博士也到会发表主题演讲。     

法语复合时态中过去分词的配合

复合时态中过去分词的配合是法语语法中的一个重点,也是一个难点。本文就笔者的教学实际对其进行了浅显的分析归纳。     

Some Properties of Past Entropy and their Applications

In the context of information theory, measure of uncertainty in past lifetime distribution has been proposed by Di Crescenzo and Longobardi (J Appl Probab 39:434–440, 2002). In this paper, we study some ordering and aging properties in terms of past entropy (based on past lifetime) and develop some characterization results. Some discrete distribution results are also addressed here.