我国社区参与旅游发展研究的脉络——旅游可持续发展的路径抉择

社区参与旅游发展被作为旅游可持续发展的一个重要内容和评判依据,目前主要形成以下研究体系：社区参与旅游发展的重要性认识、参与的内容、参与的障碍、理论分析、理论借鉴、社区参与模式构建、发展机制、居民态度、一体化研究等等。虽然还带有国外理论转借的痕迹,还存在重复研究的现象,但许多探讨已经深入到中国特殊的经济社会制度和文化系统中,不乏思考我国制度因素与社区旅游参与之间逻辑关系的论述,具备了一定的广度和深度,进入了研究的高峰期。     

旅游地不同社区参与度及旅游社会文化影响感知对比研究

本文采用问卷调查和访谈法,以郎德上寨、天龙屯堡为研究对象,研究旅游地社区参与度差异与居民对旅游的社会文化影响感知情况差异。研究表明:景区经营管理模式、景区发展规模及阶段的影响、旅游地社会经济发展阶段、社区旅游制度和政策等因素影响旅游地社区总体参与度;不同社区参与度地区的居民对旅游的社会文化影响感知情况有明显的差异。     

旅游地不同社区参与度及旅游社会文化影响感知对比研究

本文采用问卷调查和访谈法,以郎德上寨、天龙屯堡为研究对象,研究旅游地社区参与度差异与居民对旅游的社会文化影响感知情况差异.研究表明:景区经营管理模式、景区发展规模及阶段的影响、旅游地社会经济发展阶段、社区旅游制度和政策等因素影响旅游地社区总体参与度;不同社区参与度地区的居民对旅游的社会文化影响感知情况有明显的差异.     

旅游企业与社区居民利益冲突及协调博弈研究

随着旅游业发展的深入,旅游企业与社区居民的利益冲突及协调问题成为影响旅游业发展的重点问题。从旅游企业和社区居民的单次博弈入手建立模型,并通过重复博弈模型分析,探索实现利益协调的路径。提出完善社区居民旅游开发参与机制和构建收益均衡分配机制,解决旅游企业与社区居民的利益协调问题。     

社区居民心理健康状况及需求调查分析

近年来,随着现代社会生活节奏的加快,社会的进步与发展,来自社会各方面压力的增多,心理因素已成为影响人们健康的一个不可轻视的问题。本研究以各个小组成员所在的社区居民为对象,对社区居民心理健康进行调查,为社区居民心理疾病的预防和康复、维护和促进社区居民的心理健康提供理论依据。     

国内古村镇旅游社会文化影响研究综述

近年来,古村镇旅游逐渐成为热门且时尚的旅游活动形式,有关古村镇旅游影响的研究也逐渐增多,本文从旅游社会文化影响的角度,对国内古村镇旅游社会文化影响的研究进行分类、整理、分析,归纳了三方面的研究内容,主要包括古村镇旅游社会文化影响的感知研究、社区参与与社会生活的影响研究和文化影响研究,在此基础上,对未来的发展进行展望,以期对今后的研究与探讨提供一定帮助。     

中国居民资产负债表的变迁机理与优化对策

<正>在宏观意义上的资产负债表分析中,居民的资产负债表分析是重要内容之一。因为作为国民经济重要组成部分之一的居民部门,不仅是消费者,还是投资者,是社会资金的主要供给者。居民的消费、储蓄和投资行为对整个经济社会的发展都具有很大影响。美国"次贷"危机充分说明了居民资产负债状况变化对经济金融发展的巨大影响以及资产负债表分析的重要性。居民的资产负债表可以综合全面地反映居民的财务状况、资产配置和融资情     

旅游对目的地居民心理及行为影响分析

一、研究背景 关于旅游对目的地居民心理影响的研究,国内外文献主要集中在目的地居民对旅游的认知、态度以及旅游地居民心理承载力等问题上.国外学者G.Doxey(1975)和E.M.Biorklund(1972)分别创立了激怒指数理论和旅游地居民态度反映模型,开始阐释旅游地居民对旅游者的涌入产生的心理体验与行为反映,J.AP(1992)将社会交换理论运用到旅游的影响研究中,认为目的地居民对自身心理感受进行评价后,会保持或减少与游客的交换行为.     

旅游地旅游开发居民满意度及差异研究——以广西北海为例

旅游地旅游开发居民满意度对我国旅游地旅游业可持续发展具有重要的意义。本文在研究相关文献的基础上,通过对北海的实地调查,运用因子分析和方差分析法,调查北海居民满意度,对其居民满意度差异性进行研究,及提出提高当地居民满意度的措施和建议。     

我国社区居民的金融服务现状研究

近年来,随着金融行业的发展,社区金融在居民生活中扮演着越来越重要的角色。但是,社区金融服务在发展过程中不可避免的出现许多问题。本文针对社区金融服务中存在的问题,提出推动社区居民的金融服务体系改革、改善社区的金融环境以及加强人才队伍建设等具有可操作性的对策和建议。     

农村居民购买商业养老保险意愿的影响因素分析

通过对湖南省112户农村居民的调查,运用 Probit 模型对农村居民购买商业养老保险意愿的影响因素进行实证分析,结果表明：目前我国有超半数以上的农村居民不愿意购买商业养老保险,商业养老保险在农村地区还未充分发挥其保障作用。农村居民年龄、受教育程度、家庭年纯收入、对商业养老保险的了解程度、对养儿防老的态度、政府宣传商业养老保险的影响程度等对农村居民购买商业养老保险的意愿有显著影响。     

The future of tourism and globalization: Some critical remarks

Present-day generalizations on the future of tourism see it as a key force in the process of globalization. This paper challenges this notion by pointing out that our knowledge of the real shape of world travel and tourism is still quite limited and that the sketchy evidence we can gather with present-day tools thus presents a much more modest picture confronting the claim that tourism has reached a high level of globalization. While it is an activity practiced all over the world, it is scarcely global. In this sense, the perception that tourism is wholeheartedly global and that it mainly connects the richer parts of the world with the poorest pleasure peripheries is but a figment of the post-romantic collective imagination that dominates much tourism research.     

中国居民资产配置趋势及商业银行对策

从近年来中国居民金融资产变化情况来看,在金融资产总量急剧增加的同时,资产结构也由原来单一的银行资产向多元化方向发展,但储蓄存款仍居主导地位,人均居民金融资产水平也较低。后危机时期居民金融资产总量增长空间仍然较大,资产多元化趋势将更加明显,这意味着储蓄存款将持续减少,而证券、基金、保险、信托、银行理财产品等新型金融产品的投资将日益扩大,居民资产配置以储蓄为主的格局仍将持续较长时间。这为商业银行发展带来两个机遇:一是为商业银行实现经营转型带来了发展机遇;二是为商业银行个人资产管理业务带来了发展机遇。     

Island futures—Does a participatory scenario process capture the common view of local residents?

Scenarios are often developed by small groups of motivated individuals, but how representative are they of community views of desirable futures? A scenario process in the coastal community of Vega in central Norway was complemented by a survey among 200 community residents in which respondents rated a preferred development option from a series of future choices and dilemmas. While the scenario process produced novelty and diversity in thinking about the future, the common community view reflects a more traditionalistic view of the future. Tourism was identified as a key economic opportunity in the scenario process, but the larger island community has little faith in tourism as a future cornerstone of economic development and would rather rely on traditional sectors like agriculture and fisheries. The scenarios brought out richness in future development options, highlighted place identity and support for heritage conservation based on wise use of natural resources. The scenarios were less suited for making decisions about economic investments, but produced salient information about opportunities, uncertainties and complexities of the future. Findings show the need to compliment scenario processes where a small group explores “possible futures” with surveys to explore the wider populations’ views about “preferred futures”.     

数字普惠金融、商业保险购买与农村居民幸福感

本文首先梳理了数字普惠金融、商业保险购买与农村居民幸福感三者之间的关系,然后基于2017年中国家庭金融调查数据(CHFS)和北京大学数字普惠金融发展指数进行实证检验。结果表明:数字普惠金融发展能够显著提升农村居民幸福感,且该影响对于低年龄段、低收入以及东部地区的家庭更显著。进一步影响机制分析表明:数字普惠金融通过影响家庭商业保险购买进而提升农村居民幸福感。同时,在考虑了内生性和稳健性问题后,结论依然成立。本研究为进一步甄别幸福感的影响因素、理解幸福的深层本质、推动乡村振兴和提升农村居民幸福感提供了新的思路与启示。     

Residents’ behavioural intentions to resist the nuclear power plants in the vicinity: an application of the protective action decision model

Nuclear power is growing rapidly in China. The ultimate goal of developing nuclear power is to mitigate the energy crisis, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and ensure sustainable economic development. However, the ‘not-in-my-backyard’ (NIMBY) attitude may influence the implementation of nuclear power projects. This study explores the determinants of behavioural intentions to resist nuclear power plants (NPPs) based on the protective action decision model (PADM). A survey of the residents (N = 432) near the Haiyang NPP significantly validated the hypothesized relations. Results suggest that information acquisition and public participation can significantly predict perceived knowledge. Perceived knowledge is important in predicting perceived benefits, NIMBY attitude, and behavioural intentions. Moreover, two inverted-U relationships for perceived knowledge with the NIMBY attitude and with behavioural intentions are observed. Furthermore, the NIMBY attitude and behavioural intentions are significantly stimulated by perceived risks, but failed to be motivated by perceived benefits. An inverted-U relationship between perceived benefits and perceived risk is also indicated. The results that the NIMBY attitude and residential distance to NPP have played significant roles in predicting behavioural intentions are obtained. Implications of our results and areas of further researches are discussed in this article as well.     

Determinants of risk behaviour: effects of perceived risks and risk attitude on farmer’s adoption of risk management strategies

The importance of risk perception and risk attitude for understanding individual’s risk behaviour are independently well described in literature, but rarely combined in an integrated approach. In this study, we propose a model assuming the choice to implement certain risk management strategies to be directly driven by both perceptions of risks and risk attitude. Other determinants influence the intention to apply different risk strategies mainly indirectly, mediated by risk perception and risk attitude. This conceptual model is empirically tested, using structural equation modelling, for understanding the intention of farmers to implement different common risk management strategies at their farms. Data are gathered in a survey completed by 500 farmers from the Flanders region in Belgium, investigating attitudes towards farming, perceived past exposure to risk, socio-demographic characteristics, farm size, perceptions of the major sources of farm business risk, risk attitudes and the intention to apply common risk management strategies. Our major findings are: (i) perception of major farm business risks have no significant impact on the intention of applying any of the risk strategies under study, (ii) risk attitude does have a significant impact. Therefore, rather than objective risk faced and the subjective interpretation thereof, it is the general risk attitude that influence intended risk strategies to be implemented. A distinction can be made between farmers willing to take risk, who are more inclined to apply ex-ante risk management strategies and risk averse farmers who are less inclined to implement ex-ante risk management strategies but rather cope with the consequences and diminish their effects ex-post when risks have occurred.     

新发展格局下居民收入、杠杆率与经济增长

构建新发展格局是我国应对百年未有之大变局,实现中华民族伟大复兴战略全局的主动选择。构建新发展格局要以扩大内需为战略基点,我国完整的工业门类和超大规模市场空间为扩大内需提供了现实条件。考虑到投资对经济增长的拉动作用下降,投资需求高速增长难以为继,稳定经济增长需要充分发挥消费的拉动作用,而消费中政府消费增长快于居民消费增长,决定了需要构建以居民消费为主体的内需格局。在扩大居民消费方面,因为居民收入增长水平较低降低了分母,以及加杠杆购房提高了分子,二者综合作用推高居民部门杠杆率并对居民消费产生挤出效应。为此,需要从提高居民收入水平、优化居民收入结构,按照"房住不炒"的总体思路稳定房地产调控,也即从分子、分母两端降低杠杆率提升居民消费,同步推动消费升级、优化消费环境,提升居民消费满意度来释放居民消费潜力,进而让消费对经济增长的拉动作用充分发挥,以稳定经济增长。     

Functional‐dynamic public participation in technological decision‐making: site selection processes of nuclear waste repositories

This study employs the ordered lottery selection approach with field experiment to measure risk attitude of two distinct population groups in China – farmers in Wuhan and freelancers in media and advertising in Beijing. A comparative design was used to reveal the cross-population difference in risk attitude and its affecting factors. The results showed that both groups exhibited constant partial risk aversion and decreasing absolute risk aversion, while the farmers were more risk-averse than the freelancers. The farmer and freelancer respondents demonstrated very different sensitivity to the warming-up games types involving ‘gain-only’ or ‘gain-loss’ while extremely risk-averse respondents in the warming-up games possessed the consistent attitudinal behavior in the formal tests. The comparative experiment revealed that gender and income were two statistically significant factors affecting risk attitude and they appeared to be consistent across the two distinct groups. Surprisingly, respondents’ perceived frequency of risk occurrence was not correlated to their risk attitude. Moreover, the factors of leisure and investment behavior were significantly linked to the freelancers’ risk attitude but not the farmers’. The experiment also found a non-linear relationship between risk attitude and education, and receiving college education was found to be a critical switching point that was significantly linked to respondents’ risk choices. While further research is needed to better understand the governing mechanism in risk attitude, perception, and behavior, this paper tried to link the experimental results to the natural disaster insurance practice in China and discussed their implication to the policy design.