住房抵押贷款与反抵押贷款的异同评析

反抵押贷款作为一种新兴的金融工具,是将住房通过金融保险的手段引入养老保障领域,来解决老年人养老问题的一重要举措。自美国于上世纪八十年代推出以来,目前正受到极大重视。研究反抵押贷款与普通抵押贷款的差异,对两者的异同组织多方面的评析,对反抵押贷款在我国开办的适用性组织前瞻性的研究等应当是非常必要的。     

The Optimal Selling Strategy of Residential Real Estate

The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics - This paper studies three selling strategies of residential real estate: delegation to a broker, cheap talk with a broker and For Sale By Owner...     

住房按揭保险促香港房地产业健康发展

近年来,我国房地产市场发展中出现了供给结构不合理、房价上涨较快的问题。国家宏观调控措施一般仅从调整供给方 (如土地和信贷)入手,使得这些问题未能从根本上得以解决。从调整需求出发,借鉴香港经验,引进住房按揭保险制度不仅有利于解决上述问题,而且会促进我国房地产金融市场的深化发展。     

Optimal Time to Sell in Real Estate Portfolio Management

This paper examines the properties of optimal times to sell a diversified real estate portfolio. The portfolio value is supposed to be the sum of the discounted free cash flows and the discounted terminal value (the discounted selling price). According to Baroni et al. (Journal of Property Investment and Finance 25(6):603–625, 2007b), we assume that the terminal value corresponds to the real estate index. The optimization problem corresponds to the maximization of a quasi-linear utility function. We consider three cases. The first one assumes that the investor knows the probability distribution of the real estate index. However, at the initial time, he has to choose one deterministic optimal time to sell. The second one considers an investor who is perfectly informed about the market dynamics. Whatever the random event that generates the path, he knows the entire path from the beginning. Then, given the realization of the random variable, the path is deterministic for this investor. Therefore, at the initial time, he can determine the optimal time to sell for each path of the index. Finally, the last case is devoted to the analysis of the intertemporal optimization, based on the American option approach. We compute the optimal solution for each of these three cases and compare their properties. The comparison is also made with the buy-and-hold strategy.

Momentum in Residential Real Estate

This paper examines whether there is return momentum in residential real estate in the U.S. Case and Shiller (American economic review 79(1):128–137, 1989) document evidence of positive return correlation in four U.S. cities. Similar to Jegadeesh and Titman’s (Journal of finance 56:699–720, 1993) stock market momentum paper, we construct long-short zero cost investment portfolios from more than 380 metropolitan areas based on their lagged returns. Our results show that momentum of returns in the U.S. residential housing is statistically significant and economically meaningful during our 1983 to 2008 sample period. On average, zero cost investment portfolios that buy past winning housing markets and short sell past losing markets earn up to 8.92% annually. Our results are robust to different sub-periods and more pronounced in the Northeast and West regions. While zero cost portfolios of residential real estate indices is not a tradable strategy, the implications of our results can be useful for builders, potential home owners, mortgage originators and traders of real estate options.     

Loan Portfolio Swaps and Optimal Lending

Theories on loan portfolio swap hedging are based on a portfolio-choice approach. This paper presents an alternative: a firm-theoretic model for bank behavior with loan portfolio swaps. Our paper derives the optimal loan rate and rate-taking loan amount of the banks portfolio, and relates them to the market loan rate, counterparty loan rate, swap default risk, capital-to-deposits ratio, and deposit insurance. We find that in the bilateral default risk approach, the comparative static results are generated by four factors: the banks risk magnitude about the equity market value, loan composition in the swap contract, the substitution effect in the loan portfolio, and the income effect from the swap transaction. The results imply that changes in the payoff asymmetry in the event of swap default and the banks regulatory parameters have a direct effect on the banks loan portfolio for lending and swap transactions.We would like to thank two anonymous referees for helpful comments and advice.     

Mortgage Put Options and Real Estate Markets

In this paper we offer direct evidence that financial intermediation does impact underlying asset markets. We develop a specific observable symptom of a banking system that underprices the put option imbedded in non-recourse asset-backed lending. Using a dataset for 19 countries and over 500 real estate investment trusts, we find that, following a negative demand shock, the “underpricing” economies experience far deeper asset market crashes than economies in which the put option is correctly priced.

我国个人住房贷款利率合理水平探讨

本文从个人住房贷款利率水平影响因素角度入手，运用中美两国住房贷款利率水平比较的方法对我国当前的个人住房贷款的合理利率水平进行分析。得出了我国目前的个人住房贷款利率水平偏高的基本结论，认为我国商业银行拥有高于国外同行的超额利润，房贷存在“暴利”，我国浮动利率住房贷款利率水平合理的范围应当在4-5％左右。     

住宅房地产税收的功能探析

住宅房地产在购销及保有环节涉及众多的税种,这些税种的税收功能存在突出差异。营业税具有突出的财政收入功能,但在收入调节方面有制度上的缺失;土地增值税具有鲜明的产业调控色彩,但征收办法的缺憾使其不能有效发挥作用;预期征收的房产税具有调节收入的功能,但在税制设计上存在征收制度和利益分配重构等制度困扰。建议针对相关税种的功能特点进行有针对性的制度改良,以促进我国住宅房地产业的健康发展。     

房地产贷款中的信息不充分及其风险

房地产市场价格波动之所以能够引起银行房地产信贷损失,甚至导致金融市场和宏观经济不稳定的后果,原因是由于房地产抵押贷款中存在的测不准风险或不确定性。本文从信息不充分的视角,提出了房地产抵押贷款中的测不准风险的定义,并分析了测不准风险的特性、形成原因和特殊后果。本文认为,减少或消除不必要的不可预见和不可描述的不确定性可能是管理房地产抵押贷款违约风险,提高贷款配置效率的最好途径,这对于分析房地产市场价格波动与金融市场、宏观经济的互动关系,防止房地产价格波动对金融业和宏观经济的冲击至关重要。     

二手房贷款中介市场问题解析

贷款中介服务在提供消费者便利的同时,由于存在各种违规操作现象,从而带来许多负面效应。本文通过对贷款中介服务市场存在的问题进行分析,提出相关对策。     

虚假房产按揭合同引发不当得利返还纠纷案及启示

基本案情2003年1月2日,张荔与大宏公司签订《商品房买卖合同》,约定张荔向大宏公司购买定门大厦3层007商铺,总价款3716240元,买受人以分期付款方式按期付款,在2003年3月前支付全部房价款的10%,2003年4月前支付全部房价款的10%,2003年5月前支付1972992元,余款100万元向银行申请按揭等内容,刘佩作为大宏公司的委托代理人在合同上签名。同月19日,A银行与张荔、大宏公司签订《住房抵押贷款合同》,约定A银行     

房地产抵押评估应关注的几个问题

随着金融体制改革的深化,各商业银行为降低自身的信贷风险,大都在推行以房地产抵押为主的抵押贷款.如何在房地产抵押中合理地对房地产价值进行评估,为抵押双方提供一个可靠的价值依据,从而保证金融部门的资金安全,保障抵押人应得的经济利益,已成为价值评估行业的一个重要课题.本文拟就房地产抵押的性质、抵押的客体范围、抵押标的权属以及评估中应关注的其他问题谈一些看法.     

The Role of Real Estate in an Institutional Investor's Portfolio Revisited

Many papers have recently pointed out that institutional investors allocate only a very small fraction of their portfolio to real estate, much smaller than theory would dictate. This raises the question, are institutional investors underinvested in real estate equities? Or do we simply have the wrong priors? This paper is an attempt to provide some new insights into this asset allocation paradox. The key conclusions of the paper are several: First, unlike other assets, it would appear that real estate, and real estate diversification, pays off at the very time when the benefits are most needed, that is, when consumption growth opportunities are low. Second, real estate returns are predictable. In fact, the amount of predictability in real estate returns appears to be about the same as in stock returns. Third, real estate performs well in an asset-liability framework. Fourth, the chance of experiencing a large loss on real estate over a long horizon is quite small. We also report here that private sector commercial real estate investments represent between 6 and 12 percent of investable wealth in the United States. Thus, it follows (if one believes the capital asset pricing model) that if institutional investors were to invest more in real estate (up to 12 percent of their assets), they should be able to eliminate nonmarket or unique risk. All of this leaves us a bit dumbfounded as to why institutional investors hold only between 2 and 3 percent of their assets in real estate.     

区域房地产信贷运行与房地产市场稳定性相互影响的实证分析——以大连市为例

房地产行业作为二、三线城市经济的重要产业,对二、三线城市经济发展起着举足轻重的作用。但近两年来二、三线城市房地产市场出现震荡下行趋势。对此,辖内金融机构纷纷采取积极措施支持房地产市场的稳健发展。本文以大连市为例,运用GARCH模型提取房地产市场价格波动序列,并通过Granger因果检验和向量误差修正模型的脉冲响应函数,对区域内房地产信贷投放规模和质量两个因素与辖区房地产市场稳定性之间相互影响的渠道和冲击响应进行了实证探讨。最后,结合实证结果和二、三线城市当前房地产市场的实际情况,提出相关政策建议。     

Recovery of Real Estate Returns for Portfolio Allocation

Appraisal-based return indexes may not approximate the true real estate return distributions because of understated return volatility. Recovery of returns from reported, appraisal-based returns may be possible by evoking models to correct for appraisal-based smoothing of the second moment. Because recovery intentionally alters the volatility of the reported return distribution and the correlations among assets in the portfolio, the weights to real estate are likely affected. Our examination of the portfolio implications of altering the return distribution indicates that weights may be quite sensitive to the effects of recovery across a reasonable range of correlation regimes. A comparative analysis of several recovery models reveals that all models achieve the objective of inflating the volatility of reported returns. However, the models also change the mean of the return distribution, which either counteracts or magnifies the effect of the volatility change on allocations. These findings bring into question the applicability of recovery models in their current form.     

商业银行不动产抵押价值类型选择研究

不动产抵押是商业银行一种重要的信用风险缓释工具,加强抵押品的价值认定管理对商业银行风险控制具有重要作用,而价值类型是抵押资产价值评估的基础.目前抵押价值类型主要有三种不同观点:市场价值类型、抵押贷款价值类型和清算价值类型.本文重点对上述三种观点进行界定和区分,明确了商业银行不动产抵押价值类型选择原则,指出当前适合商业银行风险管理要求的抵押价值类型应为市场价值类型.     

论住房抵押贷款支持证券的法律风险

住房抵押贷款证券化是一项结构复杂的金融创新,涉及诸多法律问题。本文结合我国住房抵押贷款证券化的金融生态环境,探讨了投资者面临的假按揭风险、抵押物处置风险和房贷险等法律问题,提出了完善相关法律金融制度的建议。     

房地产价格、房地产贷款与经济增长研究

本文通过价格传导机制和多元回归分析,将理论与实证结合起来分别研究房地产贷款与房地产价格和经济增长之间是否存在显著的线性相关关系.结果表明,房地产贷款与房地产价格正线性相关;房地产贷款增长与经济增长正线性相关,而且显著性水平都大于99％.本文进而推导出房地产贷款可以作为一种调控房地产价格和经济增长一种常态化调节工具,且具有见效快、反应灵敏和便于操控的优点,同时还可以成为一种反映宏观经济状况的指标.     

房贷集中度管理 如何影响房地产与银行业?

过去十余年,房地产市场因上下游产业链条长,且横跨生产、消费、流通等领域,对经济增长发挥了拉动作用,但房地产资金与金融体系绑定较重,使其成为现阶段我国金融风险方面最大的"灰犀牛".2020年12月31日,央行、银保监会联合发布《关于建立银行业金融机构房地产贷款集中度管理制度的通知》,明确建立银行业金融机构房地产贷款集中度...