发展货币市场基金面临的问题和对策探讨

货币市场是货币市场基金发展的基础 ,但我国货币市场还很不完善 ,存在着诸如交易工具有限、交易不活跃、组织机构不完备等问题 ,货币市场基金的发展仍存在风险 ,货币市场基金会引起储蓄分流效应的产生。文章从这几个方面入手 ,提出相应的对策。     

刍议发展我国的货币市场基金

货币市场基金作为在国外得到大力发展的基金品种，在基金市场中占有非常重要的地位，并发挥着积极的作用。当前我国基金市场刚刚起步，在认识到货币市场基金的重要性的同时，应积极借鉴国外成功经验，推动发展我国的货币市场基金。     

美国货币市场基金发展启示

货币市场是基金是随着短期证券市场与共同基金制度的发展而产生和逐渐兴盛起来的一种投资基金类型。货币市场基金在70年代产生于美国，在不到30年的发展时间里迅速成长壮大，目前在美国及其他和地区的金融市场上已经发展成为一种最受欢迎的共同基金。在1974年刚刚产生的时候，其资产净额只有17亿美元，1982年达到2300亿美元，占基金总资产的69．6％，到1993年资产规模超过5000亿美元，占基金市场份额的27．2％。货币市场型基金的资产从1997年的1．059万亿美元增加到1998年的1．352万亿美元，以28％的速度在增加。1998年，美国货币市场基金已发展到1026家，其总资产已占美国共同基金总资产的24％。     

对我国发展货币市场基金的思考

从金融工具的创新上看 ,在我国发展货币市场基金已经具有一定的必要性甚至紧迫性。但从我国的现实状况来看 ,发展货币市场基金的条件还很不具备 ,存在着很多制约货币市场基金发展的因素。只有认真分析这些制约因素 ,加快解决、完善不足 ,才能使货币市场基金在我国健康发展。     

货币市场基金的制度分析

在我国发展货币市场基金已经具有一定的必要性甚至紧迫性。但从我国的实际状况来看,发展货币市场基金的条件并不是很具备。但这并不意味着一定要等到货币市场发展完善之后才进行货币市场基金的培育。其实,货币市场基金与货币市场是同步发展、互相促进的关系,在一定意义上货币市场基金也能够促进货币市场的发展。     

美国货币市场基金发展策略与我国基金市场发展理性思考

美国货币市场基金已进入成熟期，我国货币市场基金正处于成长期。本文通过对美国货币市场基金的介绍，分析了我国货币市场基金的发展优势；通过透视我国货币市场基金热，认为理性而稳步发展我国年轻的基金业，借鉴美国基金业发展的历史经验，在当今至关重要。     

完善货币市场促进货币市场基金业的发展研究

货币市场基金是一种比较保守的投资工具,适合作短期投资或不想让本金承受任何损失的投资人。当前,它在全球发展迅速,在我国也取得了很好的业绩。本文论述了我国货币市场基金的发展现状,分析了当前我国货币市场基金发展的主要障碍,提出完善货币市场以促进货币市场基金业发展的一些举措。     

关子发展我国的货币市场基金

货币市场基金在我国的基金市场理论中还是一个鲜为提及的领域 ,但从中国的利率政策、资本结构现状来看 ,货币市场基金在我国却存在着巨大的投资需求潜力。本文将从货币市场基金的特点及我国发展货币市场基金应该注意的问题。从而为我国货币市场基金的推出提出一些有益的建议     

货币市场基金给我们带来了什么

目前 ,我国第一只货币市场基金正在筹备之中 ,货币市场基金的出现将会在不同的层面给投资者、投资机构以至整个金融市场带来不同的影响。货币市场基金将为中小投资者提供一个新的投资渠道 ;增加基金投资组合品种、减少投资风险 ;促进我国货币市场本身的健全和发展 ;但同时它也会给我国现有的金融体系和监管体系带来相应的挑战。     

浅析货币市场基金的功能

货币市场基金（Money Market Fund），简称MMF，根据美国证券交易委员会的定义，货币市场基金就是按法律规定投资于低风险证券的一种新兴的共同基金。它是一种典型的开放型投资基金。     

The impact of Chinese monetary policy on co-movements between money and capital markets

From 2010 to 2017, with interest rate liberalization and capital market development in China, the impact of monetary policies on China’s financial markets underwent continuous evolution. Using the DCC-GARCH model, this study investigates the transmission process of monetary policies from the money market to capital markets (stock and bond markets). The results show that in the early stage the instability of the money and stock markets and the downturn in the bond market are primarily caused by the block of monetary policy transmission and the paucity of fund sources in the capital markets. Subsequently, the outbreak of the 2013 money shortage and the 2015 stock market crash are also closely related to monetary policies. In the later periods, the money and stock markets maintain a low degree of correlation for a long time, reducing the impact of destabilizing factors on the stock market. By contrast, with the advancement of interest rate reform and the optimization of bond market structure, the bond market is highly relevant to the money market. The central bank regulates the bond market more effectively using both traditional and innovative monetary policy tools.     

Identifying monetary policy shocks with changes in open market operations

In this paper, we reexamine the effects of monetary policy shocks by exploiting the information contained in open market operations. A sticky price model is developed where money is the counterpart of securities deposited at the central bank. The model's solution reveals that a rise in central bank holdings of open market securities can be interpreted as a monetary expansion. Estimates of vector autoregressions for US data are further provided showing that reactions to an unanticipated rise in open market securities are consistent with common priors about a monetary expansion, i.e., a decline in the federal funds rate, a rise in output, and inertia in price responses. Compared to federal funds rate shocks, prices do not exhibit a puzzling behavior and a larger fraction of the GDP forecast error variance can be attributed to open market shocks. However, the explanatory power of the latter has decreased since federal funds rate targets have been announced.     

中国货币市场发展的分析

近年来 ,中国的货币市场得到了快速发展。货币市场交易品种逐渐增加 ,交易规模持续增长 ,市场成员不断扩大。在货币市场发展的基础上 ,中央银行货币政策的间接调控方式的有效性在不断提高。但中国的货币市场还处于发展的初期 ,可供交易的货币市场工具还比较少 ,市场存在一定程度的分割 ,交易规模偏低。由于存贷款利率仍然受到管制 ,货币市场利率的变化对信贷市场等其他金融市场的影响还相对有限。本文将描述货币市场各子市场的基本框架和发展状况 ,并侧重从中央银行货币管理的角度对货币市场中各子市场的相互关系进行分析与探讨。     

Risk aversion and portfolio allocation to mutual fund classes

The major factors affecting fund flows allocated to a range of mutual fund classes bearing different risk–return profiles are studied. The flexible functional form of the Almost Ideal Demand System (AIDS) is applied to identify the major drivers of Greek investors' demand patterns for equity, bond, balanced and money market funds, given the strong growth rates of the domestic fund market and the economy's latest entry into the EMU. An increase in household expenditure is shown to have a positive impact on mutual fund flows. An adverse price impact, however, may erode budget benefits towards a fund class, as the price factor appears to be important. The cross-price effects provide insight on complementarity and substitutability among the mutual fund classes. Variations in investors' risk aversion attitudes affect demand for mutual funds and can result in asset reallocation between the asset classes. The conclusions have useful policy implications particularly to asset fund management and portfolio allocation strategies and can be compared with established mutual fund markets.     

Financial market imperfections and monetary policy strategy

In a model with imperfect money, credit and reserve markets, we examine if an inflation-targeting central bank applying the funds rate operating procedure to indirectly control market interest rates also needs a monetary aggregate as policy instrument. We show that if private agents use information extracted from money and financial markets to form inflation expectations and if interest rate pass-through is incomplete, the central bank can use a narrow monetary aggregate and the discount interest rate as independent and complementary policy instruments to reinforce the credibility of its announcements and the role of inflation target as a nominal anchor for inflation expectations. This study shows how a monetary policy strategy combining inflation targeting and monetary targeting can be conceived to guarantee macroeconomic stability and the credibility of monetary policy. Friedman's k-percent money growth rule, which can generate dynamic instability, and two alternative stabilizing feedback monetary targeting rules are examined.     

外汇占款与通货膨胀率关系研究

基于货币数量理论研究外汇占款对通货膨胀的影响有重大意义。首先采用VAR模型和Granger因果关系模型研究外汇占款、货币供应量和通货膨胀率之间的相互影响状况,同时运用脉冲响应模型和方差分解技术研究变量受系统内变量冲击的反应和波动情况。其次进行货币冲销有效性检验,结果显示:央行的货币冲销政策完全有效,货币冲销力度大约为-0.6,货币冲销弹性大于1,从整体来看,货币冲销有效性呈现弱递减趋势。     

我国统一调控下货币政策内部传导区域效应非对称性分析

我国外汇资产迅速扩张,外汇占款取代再贷款成为我国中央银行基础货币投放的主渠道。经济开放程度高的发达区域不仅基础货币投放量远远超过其他区域,其区域货币乘数也高于其他区域,导致货币政策内部传导的区域效应非对称性。实证分析认为,我国基础货币变化对开放程度最高的东部发达区域货币供应量的影响最大,其次是经济不发达的中部区域,对开放程度低的西部不发达区域的影响最小。建议采取适度差别的区域货币政策,缓解区域货币供给的非均衡性,提高我国货币政策内部传导的整体效率。     

关于中国发展货币市场基金的思考

货币市场基金是实现货币市场与资本市场协调发展的重要制度安排。随着经济的发展和技术的进步,中国已经内生出对货币市场基金制度的创新需求,但仍存在一些制约其健康运行的制度障碍。通过比较制度分析,中国适宜采用融合发展型的制度变迁模型来推动中国的金融发展。     

中国货币市场基金的路径选择策略研究

中国货币市场基金业正处在成长上升阶段,在这一阶段市场自身的发育健全尤为重要,政府应努力避免对货币市场基金进行过多直接干预,为基金的发展营造一个适度宽松的发展空间。另一方面从国情出发,借鉴国外基金的先进投资策略和管理经验,培养一批信誉资产都过硬的银行基金管理公司,以带动整个货币基金市场的快速健康发展。