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美国580及584号TBT通报对我国相关产业的影响分析

近年来,发达国家在保护环境、人类健康以及节能减排的旗号下,纷纷借助技术性贸易措施限制进口国外产品。技术性贸易措施市场准入条件高,技术性强,很难达到其技术要求,对发展中国家而言事实上变相形成了技术性贸易壁垒,因而越来越成为各国调节和平衡贸易的重要手段。目前,国外技术法规通报有增无减。美国在洗衣机和工业用电动机方面修订其技术标准,并通过世贸组织进行通报（通报号G／TBT／N／USA／580,G／TBT／N／USA／584号）,则是美国为实现上述目标采取的具体措施。     

美国第583号TBT通报对我国的影响分析

近年来,技术性贸易措施在保护环境、人类健康以及节能减排和提高能效的旗号下,有了冠冕堂皇的理由,发达国家纷纷借助技术性贸易措施限制进口国外产品。技术性贸易措施市场准入条件高,技术性强,发展中国家很难达到其技术要求,事实上变相形成了技术性贸易壁垒。因此,有理由说技术性贸易措施越来越成为各国调控和平衡贸易的重要手段,     

Risk and Return in the 20th and 21st Centuries

The single most important contemporary issue in finance is the equity risk premium. This drives future equity returns, and is the key determinant of the cost of capital. The risk premium – the expected reward for bearing the risk of investing in equities, rather than in low-risk investments such as bills or bonds – is usually estimated from historical data. This article starts by summarising new evidence on historical returns in twelve major world markets from the authors' recent book, 'The Millennium Book: A Century of Investment Returns'. The authors show that the historical equity risk premium has been lower than previously believed, and argue that the future risk premium is likely to be lower still. They discuss what this implies for the cost of capital, stock market values, and companies' target rates of return. They suggest that many companies are seeking too high a rate of return and thus run the risk of under-investing.     

清除阻塞的M/P/C/C 排队系统仿真

对清除阻塞型M／P／C／C排队系统进行了大量的仿真研究，结果表明在平均到达率及平均服务时间分别对应相同的情况下，其呼叫损失概率与爱尔兰-B公式符合得很好。这一结论对通信网络规划过程中考虑业务流的自相似性有重要意义。     

网络协议体系结构-OSI/RM和TCP/IP及其比较

详细介绍了构建网络体系的2种标准OSI RM和TCP IP协议,指出了它们的应用范围和工作特点,并对它们的相同点和不同点作了比较深入的探讨,对于学习网络协议具有很强的参考意义和指导价值。     

典型零件的CAD／CAPP／CAM软件的研制

在ＣＩＭＳ环境下，本文提出了研制各种典型零件为ＣＡＤ／ＣＡＰＰ／ＣＡＭ软件的一种行之有效的方法，并给出基于ＡｕｔｏＣＡＤ平台的块状零件ＣＡＤ／ＣＡＰＰ／ＣＡＭ集成软件实例。     

MINE/MACHINERY

China's Iron ore,steel prices may fall further China's Ministry of Commerce on October 9 said the prices of iron ore and steel products have further room for slide following recent retreat. Prices of domestic iron ore were at RMB 1,200(US＄1176)per ton at the end of September,12.4 percent lower than a month ago on slumping shipping rate,the ministry said.