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1.
This paper shows how a dynamic analysis of entrepreneurial choice, in which inter-temporal savings plans can be adjusted to
build up capital, allows agents to overcome borrowing constraints. This casts fresh doubt on the notion that borrowing constraints
deter entrepreneurial entry in the long run. Impatient agents are shown to voluntarily remain constrained indefinitely, whereas
patient agents become entrepreneurs. The model also explains temporary and permanent closures of viable businesses. The model's
predictions are consistent with evidence of greater savings behaviour by entrepreneurs.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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在经济全球化,美元本位的国际货币体系背景下,美国货币政策对他国的溢出效应一直是学术界关注的焦点.2008年美国的四轮QE,我国和全球其他国家一样被动应对.但面对2019年新一轮QE我国因为自身的政策连续性、社会生产与经济发展在全球率先复苏,采取了与美国"背离"的货币政策,充分显示出我国货币政策的自主性.本文采用贝叶斯V... 相似文献
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Frank van Lerven 《Intereconomics》2016,51(4):237-242
By pumping trillions of euros into the eurozone’s financial system, the ECB’s quantitative easing programme intends to indirectly alter the private sector’s borrowing and spending behaviour. After more than a year since its initial inception, a review of the programme’s impact reveals that policy makers should think twice before further expanding the programme–and could benefit from considering more direct ways of increasing spending in the real economy. 相似文献
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浅议美国量化宽松货币政策背景下我国的经济对策 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为应对金融危机带来的经济衰退,美国政府采用了量化宽松的货币政策,对全球经济产生了深远的影响,对我国经济的影响同样不可忽视。美国的量化宽松政策一方面导致我国出现严重的输入性通胀,另一方面迫使人民币升值压力加剧。更为严重的是我国的货币政策陷入到两难的境地。为了应对美国这一政策,我国需要全面运用货币政策、财政政策、收入政策、产业政策等政策组合,避免成为美国货币政策的牺牲品。同时以此为契机,加快我国经济结构调整和收入分配体制改革,并积极推进人民币国际化。 相似文献
10.
Kevin T. Jackson 《Journal of Business Ethics》1998,17(7):757-783
In the absence of any institution for imposing legal liability on global business, the idea of instituting a cosmopolitan court for international corporate offenses is advocated. The proposal is then critically examined and defended in light of a number of key objections. Having both civil and criminal jurisdiction, such a tribunal could benefit domestic and international legal systems, multinational corporations, and victims of transnational and international corporate misdeeds. By laying down minimal global standards of corporate liability, resolving conflicts between the regulatory activities of national legal systems, and affording redress for aggrieved parties in countries with inadequate legal infrastructures, the tribunal would promote the objectives of compensatory, distributive, procedural and retributive justice at the global level. Moreover, the court would assist corporations by translating compliance with minimum ethical standards to the bottom line. Ethical corporations will gain competitive advantage relative to unscrupulous firms, since the latter'ss activities will be sanctioned. The international community need not leave obedience to basic norms up to the voluntary good-will and discretion of multinational firms. 相似文献
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In this editorial to a collection of papers on ethics in small firms, the case is made for greater use of high quality empirical research on business ethics. Sociological perspectives have much to offer to the field of business ethics that continues to be dominated by normative, moral philosophy. The second contribution of the paper is to argue for a re-orientation away from the large multi-national firm as a benchmark subject of business ethics research. One important point of view to be included is that of the small firm, which remains the dominant organisational form throughout all the OECD countries. 相似文献
12.
Confucian Business Ethics and the Economy 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
Kit-Chun Joanna Lam 《Journal of Business Ethics》2003,43(1-2):153-162
Confucian ethics as applied to the study of business ethics often relate to the micro consideration of personal ethics and the character of a virtuous person. Actually, Confucius and his school have much to say about the morals of the public administration and the market institutions in a more macro level. While Weber emphasizes the role of culture on the development of the economy, and Marx the determining influence of the material base on ideology, we see an interaction between culture – specifically Confucian business ethics – and the economy. In this paper, we are going to study this interaction in several crucial stages of development of Confucianism. The paper concludes by postulating the relevance of Confucian business ethics to the global knowledge economy. 相似文献
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Choudhury Kaul Sanjukta Alam Quamrul Sandhu Manjit Singh 《Journal of Business Ethics》2022,177(4):861-873
Journal of Business Ethics - In developed economies, powerful legislative and regulatory frameworks, for people with disability (PWD) over the last five decades, have provided major motivation for... 相似文献
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Intergenerational Succession in Small Family Businesses: Borrowing Constraints and Optimal Timing of Succession 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Small family businesses differ from non-family businesses in that their functioning is not independent of the life cycle of the owner-operator, and in that other family considerations sometimes lead to sub-optimal managerial decisions from the point of view of the business. This is why a smooth intergenerational succession is essential to the profitability of the business, and to the welfare of the family as a whole. Succession within the family involves first of all the choice of a successor. The choice is affected by birth order, age differentials, and qualifications of potential successors. Choosing a successor means reaching an agreement about the timing of succession and income distribution before and after succession. This paper focuses on the decision of the business-operating family when to bring in the designated successor. A utility-maximizing time is shown to differ from the income-maximizing time only in the presence of binding borrowing constraints. Such constraints are likely to enhance an earlier succession in order to use the successor's accumulated off-business assets to ease the constraints and to increase future business income due to earlier accumulation of business-specific human capital by the successor. An additional model shows that the successor will not be willing to wait indefinitely for the formal ownership transfer of the business, because of the risk of being disinherited in some future period. The consequences of possible strategic behaviors of both the owner and potential successors on the results of these models is discussed informally. 相似文献
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Albert I. Goldberg Gilat Cohen & Avi Fiegenbaum 《Journal of Small Business Management》2003,41(2):168-186
A positive corporate reputation can be crucial to successful venture development. Making use of the Strategic Reference Point theory, four reputation strategies were conceptualized: 1) dynamic exploitation of existing assets; 2) development of core competencies; 3) image management; and 4) strategic alliances. In a comprehensive investigation of three software enterprises in Israel, companies were found to differ in policies that possibly could lead to a good reputation. One company emphasized the long–term establishment of core competencies and remained a fairly unknown enterprise. A second company accentuated the short–term exploitation of assets and had a middling success in reputation building. A third enterprise invested in a broad spectrum of reputation building strategies and quickly developed a reputation for excellence in the field. In conclusion, corporate success often depends on the extent to which managers develop an integrated package of policies for systematically building the intangible asset of corporate reputation. 相似文献
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Keetie Sluyterman's book is a prominent synthesis of the twentieth-centuryeconomic history of the Netherlands from a business historyperspective with a main focus on the varying business strategiesapplied by Dutch businesses. Sluyterman demonstrates how businesshistory can add the essential elements to our understanding. Sluyterman organizes the book chronologically in four periods.The first period covers the years from 1895 to 1914, where theworld economy 相似文献
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This paper compares the findings of studies of seven groups of professionals in various key segments of the fields of accounting and insurance conducted during 1990 through 1994 in an effort to determine the extent to which they tend to rely on various factors in their business and professional environments for help in behaving ethically in the course of their work. Commonalities among the findings for these rather diverse groups are highlighted and their possible implications for business and the professions are discussed. 相似文献
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This study examines the use and determinants of covenants in Finnish small firms' loans. The results show that 72 of the 642 loan contracts examined include at least one covenant. Negative covenants are more common than affirmative covenants in our sample. We use loan characteristics, firm characteristics, and bank relationship variables to explain the use of covenants. Our results suggest that loans with real estate collateral are less likely to contain covenants than loans with other types of collateral. Larger firms are more likely to offer covenants, while the inverse holds for manager-owned firms. Firms with high corporate leverage, a high level of investments and a high sales growth rate offer covenants more often than other firms. Bank relationship length, changes of main bank and interbank competition also affect the use of covenants. 相似文献
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The concept of the Transitional Economy denotes the problematic processes of change confronting nations wishing to achieve levels of economic development comparable with that of Western nations. Such an objective is problematic, as these nations may also be said to be in a state of transition. Globalization and E-commerce have necessitated a reconsideration of the nature of business activity and its implications for both society and the individual.Writers such as Gray (1998) warn against the "refashioning" of other nations in the image of the American free market. Business ethics can be seen as a symbolic expression of Beck's (1992) concern with the implications of Risk Society and the uncertainties arising from the realization that scientific, technological, and economic progress are not necessarily concomitant with social, cultural, and political progress. Locating business ethics within the theoretical context of Reflexive Modernity provides a means of evaluating the contribution that it can make to providing a critical forum for considering the ways in which business organisations are responding to concerns regarding business activity. (168) 相似文献