我国信贷资产证券化应注意的问题

信贷资产证券化使商业银行作为存贷中介的传统角色逐渐淡化后，拓展了商业银行的服务范围，通过出售银行贷款，从而增加银行贷款规模，本文论述了我国开展资产证券化业务需要关注的几个问题。     

SOVEREIGN INSOLVENCY PROCEDURES – A COMPARATIVE LOOK AT SELECTED PROPOSALS

Abstract.  The most practicable short-term approaches for sovereign debt restructuring would include a code of conduct (voluntary approach) and collective action clauses (contractual approach). In the medium term, a sovereign insolvency procedure (statutory approach) may have an important role to play because it would be a comprehensive instrument designed to coordinate different creditor groups prior to and during a debt crisis. This paper provides a survey of six comprehensive policy proposals for a sovereign bankruptcy procedure. It points to approaches that could improve existing proposals and creates a basis for new proposals which could prove conducive to reaching political consensus.     

法律制度、法律执行与上市公司破产重整效率——基于宝硕股份的案例研究

破产重整是危机企业解除财务危机的重要法定机制。本文基于执法经济学理论,以宝硕股份的破产重整事件为例,研究了新破产法实施后上市公司破产重整的经济效率。研究发现,虽然宝硕股份借助重整机制暂时避免了破产清算,但是重整活动却明显缺乏经济效率,新破产法在执行过程中偏离了原先的立法预期,相对落后的执法环境致使参与重整的利益相关方的目标函数和博弈行为发生异化,并最终导致重整的低效率。本文揭示了我国转型期相对落后的执法环境制约企业破产重整效率的典型作用路径。最后,本文提出了若干政策建议。     

银行信贷中第三方监督创新研究——以资产管理公司为例

本文针对我国传统的银行信贷业务中资产管理公司被动收购不良资产的问题,设计银行-企业-资产管理公司的三方契约,资产管理公司参与并监督企业信贷,能够降低企业信贷中的道德风险问题.通过对企业自有资金与银行可提供资金对于投资、银行与资产管理公司收益的分析,发现企业的自有资金以及企业主是否尽职决定了企业自身的融资能力.在投资项目固定不变的情况下,只有自有资金充足的企业可以直接得到银行的融资,自有资金不够充足的企业,需要通过银行-资产管理公司-企业的三方契约来获得融资,在企业的融资过程中需要接受资产管理公司的监督.同时银行与资产管理公司收益受到累计企业自有资金数量与累计银行信贷资金数量的影响.     

A coupled Markov chain approach to credit risk modeling

We propose a Markov chain model for credit rating changes. We do not use any distributional assumptions on the asset values of the rated companies but directly model the rating transitions process. The parameters of the model are estimated by a maximum likelihood approach using historical rating transitions and heuristic global optimization techniques.We benchmark the model against a GLMM model in the context of bond portfolio risk management. The proposed model yields stronger dependencies and higher risks than the GLMM model. As a result, the risk optimal portfolios are more conservative than the decisions resulting from the benchmark model.     

财政责任视角下的地方债务治理:域外经验与中国路径

在世界各国地方经济发展中,地方债发行已成常态。适度的地方债能助力地方经济社会发展、基础设施建设及公共产品供给,但无节制的举债将影响地方政府公信力,甚至带来局部或系统性的财政危机。为了有效地约束地方政府举债,各国通过事前审核、事中监测及事后处置等机制建立了完善的举债责任制度体系。反观我国,地方债务治理面临举债审核约束机制不足、监督管理机制失灵以及事后处置机制乏力等问题,亟需借鉴国外制度经验加以完善。     

企业破产重组收益的性质及确认

破产重整是我国修订后的《企业破产法》中新增加的一类破产案件。如何确认和计量企业破产重组收益,是摆在我们面前的一个新的理论问题和实务问题。在实地调研基础上探讨企业破产重组收益的经济实质、经济后果以及股东缩股的计量、债务重组收益的确认等问题,可以为我国企业破产重组收益的会计处理提供理论依据。     

基于态度-行为视角的循环信用使用行为探析——以上海市大学生为样本

随着信用卡使用的普及,消费者对循环信用的使用逐渐增加,同时大学生往往是循环信用使用的最早尝试者。究竟什么因素促进了大学生群体冒着负债的危险去使用循环信用。本研究从态度一行为视角,系统地探讨了金钱态度、信用卡态度、负债态度、生活满意度、风险态度以及非现实乐观等态度变量对循环信用使用行为的影响。研究发现：金钱态度、信用卡态度、负债态度是影响大学生循环信用使用的最主要的态度变量。同时,我们通过结构方程模型验证了这一结论。最后,我们提出了本研究的研究不足和将来的研究方向。     

解读新会计准则——所得税

新会计准则规定所得税会计处理采用资产负债表债务法,确立了会计利润与应税所得的适当分离,明确了暂时性差异的概念,与旧准则相比更完整、更规范、更符合现代会计理论和原则。     

债务水平与公司研发投资决策研究——对中国制造业上市公司的实证分析

利用中国制造业上市公司2004年—2005年间的数据,对公司负债与其研发投资是否存在非单一关系的假设进行检验。实证研究结果显示,在非高科技产业中,公司负债与其研发投资之间显著存在正临界水平的U型关系,而在高科技产业中,这种显著关系并不存在;有限责任造成的公司研发投资的道德风险效应是造成负债对研发投资非单一影响的重要因素。     

Is insurance normal or inferior? -A regret theoretical approach-

This study considers how changes in wealth affect insurance demand when individuals suffer disutility from regret. Anticipated regret stems from a comparison between the ex-post maximum and actual wealth. We consider a situation wherein individuals maximize their expected utility incorporating anticipated regret. The wealth effect on insurance demand can be classified into the risk and the regret effects. These effects are determined by the properties of the utility function and the regret function. We show that insurance can be normal when individuals place weight on anticipated regret, even though the utility function exhibit decreasing absolute risk aversion. This result indicates that regret theory is a possible explanation to the wealth effect puzzle, in which insurance is normal from empirical observation, but it should be inferior by theoretical prediction under expected utility theory.     

Do credit market imperfections justify a central bank׳s response to asset price fluctuations?

Do credit market imperfections justify a central bank׳s response to asset price fluctuations? This study addresses this question from the perspective of equilibrium determinacy. In the model we use, prices are sticky and the working capital of firms is subject to asset values because of a lack of commitment. If credit market imperfections exist to a small degree, the Taylor principle is a necessary and sufficient condition for equilibrium determinacy, and monetary policy response to asset price fluctuations is good from the perspective of equilibrium determinacy. However, if credit market imperfections exist to a large degree such that the collateral constraint is binding, then the Taylor principle no longer guarantees equilibrium determinacy, and monetary policy response to asset price fluctuations becomes a source of equilibrium indeterminacy. We find that the existence of credit market imperfections makes it unsuitable to initiate a monetary policy response to deal with asset price fluctuations. We also find that reductions in credit market imperfections can enlarge the indeterminacy region of the model parameters.     

Costly external finance and labor market dynamics

We study the role of agency frictions and costly external finance in cyclical labor market dynamics, with a focus on how credit-market frictions may amplify aggregate TFP shocks. The main result is that aggregate TFP shocks lead to large fluctuations of labor market quantities if the model is calibrated to the empirically observed countercyclicality of the finance premium. A financial accelerator mechanism thus amplifies labor market fluctuations by rendering rigidity in real wage dynamics. In contrast, if the finance premium is procyclical, which the model can be parameterized to accommodate, amplification is absent, and labor-market fluctuations display the Shimer (2005) puzzle.     

万科集团资本结构问题探讨

改革开放以来,我国经济迅猛发展,特别是房地产行业对经济增长和投资增长的贡献较大,在我国经济发展史上扮演着不可或缺的角色。对于房地产企业而言,资本结构在企业运营中发挥着重要作用,已逐渐成为财务研究领域的热点。论文将万科股份有限公司作为研究对象,首先简要介绍企业的基本情况,其次通过数据分析其资本结构,发现存在的问题,最后提出针对性建议,以期在一定程度上为万科集团发展助力,促进行业整体的可持续健康发展。     

Introduction to international financial markets and banking systems crises

This note introduces to the literature streams explored in the special section on international financial markets and banking systems crises. All topics tackled are related to the Great Recession. A brief overview of the research questions and related literatures is provided.