美国金融危机和亚洲金融危机起因的比较

<正>2008年下半年,由美国次贷危机引发的金融危机席卷全球,至今尚未见底。1997年7月2日,泰国宣布放弃固定汇率制,实行浮动汇率制,引发了一场遍及东南亚的金融风暴,1999年才结束,这就是亚洲金融危机。两次金融危机爆发前后相距11年。本文探讨了前后两次金融危机的起因,以期对我国金融业有所警示。     

中美消费者消费行为比较研究:以肯德基(KFC)为例

通过对中美两国大学生(n=795)的调查,测量和比较了两国年轻消费者对肯德基(KFC)的消费行为、品牌印象和重购意愿.相对美国被访者而言,中国被访者更愿意呆在肯德基餐厅里就餐,时间也更长;中国被访者对肯德基的正面印象更多;美国被访者对肯德基未来光顾的可能和满意之间的相关度高于中国被访者.     

中美消费者消费行为比较研究：以肯德基（KFC）为例

通过对中美两国大学生(n=795)的调查,测量和比较了两国年轻消费者对肯德基(KFC)的消费行为、品牌印象和重购意愿。相对美国被访者而言,中国被访者更愿意呆在肯德基餐厅里就餐,时间也更长;中国被访者对肯德基的正面印象更多;美国被访者对肯德基未来光顾的可能和满意之间的相关度高于中国被访者。     

多元复合型美国农村金融体系发展综述及对我国农村金融改革的启示

美国是世界上农业最发达的国家之一,它拥有高效的现代化农业体系,机械化运用程度很高,科技应用广泛。而在这高效的农业生产方式背后,离不开美国特有的农村金融体系的支持和服务。本文对学者在这方面的研究进行综述,得出推进我国农村金融发展的启示。     

治理金融危机的国有化行为分析

国有化及其形成的国有经济已经成为市场经济社会普遍存在的现象.西方国家在历次经济、金融危机的治理中,都不同程度地采取了国有化政策,其成效已经多次为实践所证明.国有化及其形成的国有经济存在于历史和现实的逻辑中.最近这次金融危机的治理历程再次显示,无论是资本主义国家还是社会主义国家,国有化政策都是熨平经济波动的重要手段,国有经济在稳定经济大局、促进经济发展方面发挥着不可替代的作用.     

Motives for foreign direct investment in the United States

As foreign direct investment becomes an important element of the global marketplace it is important to understand why firms use FDI as an investment option. This article reports research that identifies motivations that influence factor‐ and market‐seeking inward FDI in the United States. Based on a study of 127 foreign companies investing in the United States, the research identifies motivators that differentiate and explain these two types of investment behaviors. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Industrial Policy in the United States

Does US government policy purposefully benefit particular industries or is industrial policy absent in the USA? Based on a review of recent US policies this paper argues that the USA applies many policies with an industry-specific impact. But these policies do not differ significantly from those in other countries and the process in which US industrial policies emerge severely limits their consistency. What differentiates the USA is a microeconomic business environment that enables a high degree of regional specialization, benefits especially knowledge-driven industries, and raises the impact of innovation and entrepreneurship policies.     

中国律师美国之行

熟悉WTO规则的八都知道这一点:WTO表面上看起来是政府间的协议,实际上在很大程度上体现的是各成员方企业和行业的利益,很多WTO纠纷实质就是成员方的企业之间对市场的争夺。所以,关于中国入世的话题,不应再停留在挑战、机遇及应对这些宏观层面的探讨上,而应进入指导企业如何实际操作中。而企业,尤其是大中型企业,有进出口业务的企业,在中国入世之后更需要WTO法律专家或律师的帮助。鉴于此,国家司法部、国家外国专家局于年前在10多万律师从业大军中,选拔出10名律师和7名法学院教师,首次赴美研修WTO争端解决机制。中国律师此行情况如何,他们给中国企业带来了哪些实质性东西成了业界关注焦点。     

中美两国投资者情绪传染效应与金融市场稳定

关于金融危机传染效应的理论研究,相对于以往金融和贸易等传统传染渠道对投资者情绪非理性因素引起的"纯传染"还没有引起足够重视。本文在当前的国际投资及贸易环境状况的背景下,以中美两国投资者情绪为研究对象,构建中美两国投资者情绪指标,通过Copula模型验证二者之间的相关性及传染性。研究结果显示,美国投资者情绪的变化会导致中国投资者情绪发生变化并且传染效应为单向传导,在不同阶段呈现波动状态,且二者Copula时变相关系数在金融危机发生时期达到最大值,充分印证中美投资者情绪在金融危机发生期间传染效应发生概率明显增强且达到最大化。因此,在金融危机平稳期及预警期应实施相应预警、管控及应急处置政策、方案,引导投资者情绪向理性方向发展,并不断完善我国资本流动管制政策,纳入宏观审慎管理体系。     

Corporate Community Contributions in the United Kingdom and the United States

We address the issue of UK firms relatively poor record of corporate community contributions (CCCs) by subjecting them to formal comparison with those of US firms. To this end, we employ data on the top 100 UK, and top 100 US, contributors in 2001. Cross-country differences are described and discussed with reference to a stakeholder perspective on corporate social responsibility, and CCCs in particular. In this connection, we evaluate the role played by the sectoral composition of activities, as well as national, cultural and institutional factors. Our findings highlight a number of significant cross-country differences in the pattern of CCCs and suggest that UK and US firms operate within significantly different stakeholder environments.JEL Classification: M14Stephen Brammer is a Lecturer in Business Economics at University of Bath, with research interests in the area of corporate social responsibility. Much of his recent research has examined the stimuli for corporate socially responsive behaviour, the management of business social responsibilities, and the relationships between firm social performance and other dimensions of corporate performance. Recent publications include articles in the Journal of Management Studies, the European Management Journal and Business Ethics: A European Review.Stephen Pavelin is a Lecturer in Economics at the University of Reading, with research interests in foreign direct investment and corporate social responsibility. His current research agenda seeks to address: the effect of corporate social performance on the reputations and financial performance of firms; the incidence and quality of social and environmental reporting; demographic diversity (regarding gender and ethnicity) among corporate boards; and the effect of firms geographical diversification on their social performance. Recent publications include articles in the International Journal of Industrial Organisation, the Open Economies Review, the European Management Journal and Business Ethics: A European Review.     

Culturally Customizing Websites for Immigrant Communities in the United States

Recent research suggests that the customization of online marketing messages to meet the cultural preferences of immigrant communities increases preferences for those messages. Level of acculturation may be used as a segmentation variable that accounts for this effect, with lower levels of acculturation matching the preference for the home country's culture in marketing messages. Comparisons between Asian- and Hispanic-American preferences across levels of acculturation are made, and possible convergences in preferences through acculturation are examined. The results indicate that Taiwanese-Americans have culturally-rooted preferences for web content based on their acculturation levels. Furthermore, the study shows that the web content preferences of Taiwanese- and Hispanic-American consumers converge as members of these groups acculturate.     

Supermarket self-checkout usage in the United States

While some retailers have installed more self-service checkouts, others have removed them. A possible explanation is that their customer profiles differ. Previous research provides an incomplete or inconsistent picture of self-checkout users. This study uses an Internet survey of 605 adults to explore sociodemographic and attitude linkages with supermarket self-checkout interest. Interest in self-checkouts was negatively linked with age and with technological anxiety. Risk tolerance may also influence interest. Retailers should examine their current and future customer ages when considering self-checkout installations. Technology upgrades that reduce customer anxiety and decrease potential embarrassment about using self-checkouts may increase use.     

Economics in Europe and the United States

Abstract

Business disciplines, including international business, are influenced by economics. This paper examines the facilitating role played by the English language in the dissemination of works in economics and attempts to show that authors who use English gain significant advantage over others. A look into the backgrounds of Nobel Prize winning economists and the predominance of American and British journals lend support to this view. Also, the overwhelming influence of quantitative neo-classical economics, which has gained great strength in the United States, seems to spread to the rest of the world. Still, international business is markedly different from economics not only in content but also in its relationship with other social sciences.     

Child-resistant cigarette lighters in the United States

Abstract

On July 12,1993, the U.S Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) published a mandatory safety standard requiring disposable and novelty cigarette lighters to be child-resistant. Annually in the United States, children under 5 years of age playing with lighters cause more than 5,000 residential fires, resulting in approximately 150 deaths and more than 1,000 injuries. The standard is expected to prevent about 100 of those fire-related deaths each year. The standard includes labeling, testing, recordkeeping, and reporting requirements for manufacturers and importers. The standard applies to lighters manufactured in the United States or imported after July 11, 1994.

A study of actual child-play fire incidents was conducted as part of the initial work on the project to develop a safety standard. The major objectives of the study were:

1) to determine the age and sex of the children starting the fires, 2) to establish the methods the children used to operate the lighters, and 3) to identify the types of lighters involved. The study was conducted by CPSC field staff with the help of fire departments around the United States. Two hundred seventy-seven fires were investigated. Major findings of the study included

? Disposable butane lighters were involved in the majority of the fires.

? The children starting the fires were primarily 3 and 4 years old.

? Male children starting the fires outnumbered female children by a ratio of 4 to 1.

? Most children used two hands to operate the lighters.

Based on the analysis of the study results, the CPSC staff concluded that child-resistant lighters could be an effective means of addressing the risk of injury and death associated with child-play fires.