技术溢出、企业研发路径与政府政策引导

针对技术溢出程度的不确定,建立了三阶段研发博弈模型,研究了企业最优研发路径的选择问题。在此基础上,分析了企业利润最大化与社会福利最大化的目标一致性以及政府的财税政策在纠正两目标差距上的有效性。结果表明:当技术溢出较小时,企业选择的最优研发路径能使两者目标一致;当技术溢出较大时,企业的最优研发路径会使两者目标不一致,此时政府需要对企业进行引导以促进协同创新,其中差异化补贴政策能有效纠正目标差距,政府减免企业所得税能有效缩小目标差距。     

Money,barter, and convergence to the competitive allocation: Menger's problem

This paper explores the propensity of a bilateral exchange economy to get stuck away from the competitive allocation even when the competitive prices have been established. This is Menger's Problem. Necessary and sufficient conditions for a Menger Problem are found to relate to the presence of corner solutions. When money is introduced, convergence can be established.