Qualitative analysis of feminine morality and visible personality characteristics among young adults

This article documents the perceptions and judgments of youth about character of female as ‘good’ or ‘bad’, based on her visible personality characteristics. A qualitative study is carried out among the undergraduate students in two public sector universities. This study highlights contextual factors linked with the choice of clothing and quality of physical appearance among young girls. The judgments about a girl’s character are based on immediate, apparent personality characteristics. This study found that there are two contrasting categories of clothing and visible personality associated with positive and negative feminine morality. Certain expectations are also found to be associated with the attire of young women in Pakistani society which restricts their individual choices. Pakistani and Britain national boys judged girl’s character as immoral or bad based on cosmetics usage, fashion-ability, body exposedness, physical attractiveness, friendliness, bold temperament, and easiness while interaction with boys.     

网络成瘾大学生的人格特质研究

为了解大学生网络成瘾状况并对网络成瘾大学生的人格特质进行研究,采用Young网络成瘾诊断问卷、艾森克人格问卷对685名大学生的网络成瘾状况和人格特质进行调查。结果发现:685名被试中网络成瘾率为6.3%;网络成瘾者中性别差异显著,男生比女生更容易沉溺于互联网;在人格特质上,网络成瘾组的精神质、神经质得分显著高于非成瘾组,掩饰程度显著低于非成瘾组,而内外向得分的差异无统计学意义。提示大学生网络成瘾者具有一些特定的人格特质。     

逆向物流库存问题研究综述

本文对近些年有关逆向物流的库存问题的研究文献进行了回顾和总结．根据库存模型的特点将这些文献进行了较为详细的分类。在此基础上得出了逆向物流库存模型的特点并且对未来的发展趋势进行了展望。     

Employee attitudes toward drug testing: Effects of individual characteristics and employment setting

Testing for the presence of drug continues to gain popularity as a method for controlling drug use in the workplace. It is important that employers understand how potential applicants and current employees will react to the various types and purposes of drug testing. Employees (n = 529) were interviewed to investigate the role of attitudes toward drugs and work setting characteristics in explaining acceptance or rejection of drug testing. Individuals believing users should be held responsible for becoming dependent on cocaine, who felt the primary cause of cocaine addiction was weak moral character, and those who felt cocaine users should be treated as criminals were more supportive of drug screening and the testing of current employees.     

谁该为学生的德育教育负责

立德树人是学校教育的根本任务。然而,德育教育不是阶段性的,它是一种终生教育。因此,学生人格道德的培养是家庭、学校和社会的共同责任。文章阐述了家庭、学校、社会在学生人格道德养成过程中所起的作用;分析了目前家庭教育、学校教育、社会教育存在的问题;并提出了一些解决问题的办法。     

Strong Consistency of the Maximum Likelihood Estimator in Generalized Linear and Nonlinear Mixed-Effects Models

Generalized linear and nonlinear mixed-effects models are used extensively in biomedical, social, and agricultural sciences. The statistical analysis of these models is based on the asymptotic properties of the maximum likelihood estimator. However, it is usually assumed that the maximum likelihood estimator is consistent, without providing a proof. A rigorous proof of the consistency by verifying conditions from existing results can be very difficult due to the integrated likelihood. In this paper, we present some easily verifiable conditions for the strong consistency of the maximum likelihood estimator in generalized linear and nonlinear mixed-effects models. Based on this result, we prove that the maximum likelihood estimator is consistent for some frequently used models such as mixed-effects logistic regression models and growth curve models.     

The relationship between expatriates' personality traits and their adjustment to international assignments

This study investigates the relationship between personality traits of expatriates and their adjustment to international assignments. We focused in particular on the Big Five personality traits: extroversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, neuroticism and openness to experience. We sampled eighty-three US expatriates in Taiwan and found statistically significant relationships between expatriate adjustment and three personality traits in theoretically reasonable directions. Specifically, our results showed that a US expatriate's general living adjustment in Taiwan is positively related to his or her degree of extroversion and openness to experience. We found that extroversion and agreeableness are both positively related to interaction adjustment (i.e. relationships with local people). Furthermore, a US expatriate's work adjustment is positively related to his or her openness to experience. Unlike prior research on expatriate adjustment, we have examined multiple traits rooted in personality theory, and we have derived hypotheses that are specific to a Chinese context.     

A better approach by management in drug testing

Discussed here are a number of drug abuse and drug testing issues. This article presents an overview of current developments in the area of drug testing in the workplace. There is an analysis of legislation, federal and state court decisions, and key legal arguments. These decisions and arguments are discussed in the context of employee rights and responsibilities. Also presented are the legal and ethical aspects of drug testing in the workplace. The authors make a case for a rehabilitative rather than a punitive approach to employee drug abuse.     

Substance abuse coverage provided by employer medical plans

In summary, substance abuse is a serious problem in America. In fact, a Gallup poll ranked drug use as the Nation's number one problem. As a rapidly accelerating component of health care costs, charges for alcohol and drug abuse treatment are helping to drive up medical care expenses. The substance abuse crisis is also affecting employers, both public and private, who are struggling to provide needed health benefits while controlling spiraling plan costs. Despite the upward pressure on health costs, the problem is so serious that there has been a steady increase in the incidence of coverage for substance abuse treatment in employer-provided medical care plans, to the point that virtually all plans now provide some benefits. Nevertheless, health plans typically cover substance abuse treatment on a more restrictive basis than other illnesses. This may change, however, as the interest in, and the need for, comprehensive substance abuse treatment benefits grows.     

Don't “just say no” to drug testing in the workplace: Some recommendations for developing and implementing policy

The widespread use of contraband substances by organizational members continues to present policy makers with a plethora of legal, moral, and economic issues to contend with when designing and implementing a comprehensive substance abuse policy. This article addresses methods of drug testing and their relative advantages and limitations, the legal ramifications of policy decisions, including union and nonunion concerns, and the costs and benefits associated with drug testing and screening. General guidelines for the design and implementation of a substance abuse policy are offered, and it is suggested that organizations should not summarily dismiss drug testing as a vehicle for the control and elimination of contraband substances and their use in the workplace.     

Managing Workplace Gambling—Some Cautions and Recommendations

Workplace gambling is rapidly becoming a new American addiction. It is difficult to detect, since it may show no distinguishing characteristics until it is well advanced. Most gamblers never become a problem to employers, but those who do may inflict serious damage in the form of theft, creative bookkeeping, embezzlement, low productivity and workplace disruption. Few laws, specifically control gambling, but several laws written to address other issues, may apply to gambling also. Some of these laws are in the process of being reinterpreted, and broader interpretations may include pathological gamblers. In addition to its legal aspects there are important and costly economic issues associated with workplace gambling. Well trained, observant supervisors can detect and aid workplace gamblers, saving both employer and employee time, money and anguish.     

Development of an integrated medical supply information system

The integrated medical supply inventory control system introduced in this study is a hybrid system that is shaped by the nature of medical supply, usage and storage capacity limitations of health care facilities. The system links demand, service provided at the clinic, health care service provider's information, inventory storage data and decision support tools into an integrated information system. ABC analysis method, economic order quantity model, two-bin method and safety stock concept are applied as decision support models to tackle inventory management issues at health care facilities. In the decision support module, each medical item and storage location has been scrutinised to determine the best-fit inventory control policy. The pilot case study demonstrates that the integrated medical supply information system holds several advantages for inventory managers, since it entails benefits of deploying enterprise information systems to manage medical supply and better patient services.     

Predicting On-the-Job Substance Abuse with a Written Integrity Test

This paper explores definitions and predictors of employee substance abuse, using 173 employed undergraduates who completed a prominent written integrity test and a self-report of work behaviors, including on-the-job (OTJ) alcohol and drug abuse. Approximately 21% of participants reported recent OTJ abuse and were significantly more likely than nonabusers to exhibit other counterproductive work behaviors. Validity coefficients for the integrity test's Employability Index (r = –.25) and Drug Avoidance Scale (r = –.39) suggest that such measures can reduce OTJ abuse, but the procedure's effectiveness may be limited by the high rate of false negatives. We discuss suggestions for improving psychological testing to reduce OTJ abuse.     

Homelessness and the Universal Family in China

Depending on how one defines homelessness, China has either a very tiny homeless population or an extremely large one. Compared to other countries, there very few vagrants: people living on the streets of China's cities without means of support. But if one counts the people who migrated to cities without a legal permit (hukou), work as day laborers without job security or a company dormitory, and live in overcrowded and unsanitary conditions on the edge of cities, there are nearly 300 million homeless. Free market fundamentalism is responsible for the emergence of this sort of homelessness in China. We review China's recent new policies to tackle homelessness and offer suggestions based on the traditional Chinese wisdom, which includes the concept of the universal family (family - tian xia). Homelessness in China must be addressed as a cultural problem caused by the breakdown of ancient methods of social integration. Treating it merely as a housing deficit will fail.     

Conceptualizing Family Violence as a Workplace Issue: A Framework for Research and Practice

Until recently, violence in the home has been regarded as a private family matter. Employees who are victims of abuse at home have been expected to put their experience of abuse behind them when they go to work, and employers have not been expected to interfere. Yet, the consequences of disregarding family violence as an organizational issue may be quite severe. This article suggests that family violence can affect the career advancement of individual victims; their performance at work; relationships with co-workers, supervisors, and customers; and, ultimately, organizational effectiveness. Moreover, this article argues that organizations have a social responsibility to contribute to the elimination of family violence by creating a workplace environment in which violence is not tolerated, abused victims are provided with support and assistance, and strategies for equalizing power relationships between men and women are implemented. Implications for future research as well as for organizational policy and practice are explored.     

Exploring the role of the spouse in expatriate failure: a grounded theory-based investigation of expatriate' spouse adjustment issues from India

This paper applied the grounded theory method in a study of the expatriates' spouses' relocation adjustment process and the impact of such adjustment problems in expatriate failure. A qualitative enquiry approach using open-ended questions in the form of personal interviews was adopted. Iteratively, the questions were changed to reach theoretical saturation and we allowed the respondents to lead us through the data collection process during our eventual theory development process. An action diagram technique was used to help structure and process the data. The study was conducted with 26 Indian origin spouses who had to encounter relocation issues one time or the other. We found the spouses' perceived gender role ideology to play a critical part in their adjustment process. Other factors that influenced the adjustment process in expatriate assignments were personality factors such as extraversion, organizational and family support, country demographics and pre-departure training.     

项目管理中人力资源及其资本管理探究

随着社会主义经济体制制度的不断完善,人们的生活水平发生了翻天覆地的变化。新时代的背景下,各行各业都在寻求改革之路来提升自身的工作质量。关于项目管理中的人力资源及其资本管理的问题一直以来都是业内人士所共同探讨的问题,本文结合个人在实际工作过程当中的经验,就人力资源及其人力资本展开了分析,并在此基础上提出了优化建议,希望能够起到抛砖引玉的作用。     

Application of Multilevel Models to Structured Repeated Measurements

The linear mixed-effects model has been widely used for the analysis of continuous longitudinal data. This paper demonstrates that the linear mixed model can be adapted and used for the analysis of structured repeated measurements. A computational advantage of the proposed methodology is that there is no extra burden on the analyst since any software for linear mixed-effects models can be used to fit the proposed models. Two data sets from clinical psychology are used as motivating examples and to illustrate the methods.     

生物样品中毒品检测的研究进展

毒品滥用已经成为当今日益严峻的全球问题,它给人们和社会带来了各种各样的严重危害,因此对生物样品中毒品物质的检测就变成当务之急。本文主要介绍了几种较为新颖的毒品检测技术,以及它们的研究进展。     

现代城市噪声污染分析及治理措施建议

各类声音与人们的工作和生活息息相关,随着城市规模的扩大和发展速度的加快,人民生活水平不断提高,各类噪声也越来越多,越来越大,使得人们对噪声污染日益关注。噪声污染严重影响人们的身体健康和生活质量,治理城市噪声污染已刻不容缓。文章对城市噪声问题进行了分析并提出了治理措施。