国际友好城市与中资企业跨国并购——基于Zephyr全球并购分析交易库的实证研究

作为各国文化交流和经贸往来的重要纽带,国际友好城市的建立为中资企业"走出去"创造了良好条件。本文通过匹配2008—2019年国际友好城市结对数据和Zephyr全球并购分析交易库,实证检验了国际友好城市的建立对中资企业跨国并购金额、并购次数和并购成功率的影响。研究发现,国际友好城市的建立显著提高了中资企业跨国并购的总金额和并购次数,而对并购成功率的影响并不显著。通过对并购东道国和并购企业的特征考察发现,国际友好城市的积极影响对不具有儒家文化背景的国家更为明显,对非国有企业和服务型企业跨国并购的促进作用更强。机制检验表明,国际友好城市的建立可以通过加强中国与东道国间的信息交流、提高东道国对中国的文化认同感、降低两国间贸易成本这三条途径,对中资企业跨国并购产生促进作用。因此,在我国加快构建全面对外开放新格局的背景下,必须高度重视并充分发挥国际友好城市的积极作用。     

企业社会责任价值创造的机理模型研究

本文提出一种新的企业社会责任价值创造机理模型。该模型分为内生机制和外生机制两个部分,内生机制在外生机制的影响下,通过责任意识-责任心理-责任能量-责任力量-责任行为-责任绩效-责任智慧形成闭环,在责任主体与利益相关方的动态博弈过程中,依靠责任管理,最终实现了责任价值创造。该机理模型构建了一种新的理论框架,有助于进一步厘清企业社会责任对企业价值的影响,提高企业履行社会责任的积极性,取得经济效益和社会效益的全面提升。     

Competitive Marketing Strategies: A Survey of Japanese Manufacturing Firms' Competitive Performance in the British Market

The role of Japanese corporations in world markets has become so crucial that an understanding of the rules of competition employed by the Japanese is essential for all those involved in international business. The aim of this survey was to gain an insight into the role marketing plays in affecting the competitive position of Japanese firms in the British market. In particular the researcher focused on the overall approach of Japanese companies to the marketplace and the process by which they identify and bring products to the market.

The broad findings emerging from this study present few surprises, Japanese companies do not seem to suffer from a “sales orientation”, a “production orientation” or “finance orientation” as opposed to a “marketing orientation”. The in‐roads being made into the British market are based by and large on a strategy aimed at satisfying customer needs and wants. Japanese companies saw their strengths in placing emphasis on research and engineering and bringing the right product to the market quickly and decisively.     

Alternative Marketing Strategies for Spillover Benefits:

In spite of world-wide movements towards market systems, public provision and subsidy still dominate those industries which produce goods and services whose consumption yields spillover or external benefits. After briefly critiquing some assumptions and outcomes of such non-market policies as direct subsidy, compulsory exchange, public provision, and access control, the paper discusses alternative marketing strategies for spillover benefits in two industries: business education and the theatrical arts. Horizontal cooperative promotion appears to be a viable Strategy for marketing the spillover benefits of business education. The use of matching agents and price bundling appear to be promising strategies for marketing the spillover benefits from the consumption of theatrical events. Although many such spillover benefits are uncertain and symbolic, the establishment of property rights in these benefits may help facilitate the use of marketing alternatives to non-market policies.     

高管从军经历与公司盈余管理:军民融合发展战略的新考察

军民融合发展战略是统一富国和强军两大目标的国家战略,具有从军经历的高管是军队人才资源与地方经济发展深度融合的事实样本。本文切入公司真实行为视角,详细考察和分析了高管从军经历对应计和真实两类盈余管理的影响效应和调节因素。首先,对影响效应的考察发现,相比无从军经历高管的公司,具有从军经历高管的公司应计盈余管理程度更高,销售操纵型的真实活动盈余管理程度更高,这表明具有从军经历的高管所在公司财务表现更加激进。其次,对调节因素的考察发现,高管从军经历对公司盈余管理程度的正向影响在国有企业以及高决策权力公司中更加显著。最后,对高管从军经历的细分特征考察发现,高管从军的年限越长、从军时取得的军衔越高,则公司盈余管理程度越高,这表明高管从军经历对盈余管理的影响效应受到从军深入度和军队认可度的影响。本文研究在理论上拓展了"文化与财务"的研究范式,补充了盈余管理文献的决定因素,在实践上为军民融合战略背景下军队文化对公司财务行为的经济后果及作用机理提供了微观个体层面的经验证据。     

Framing and Organizational Misconduct: A Symbolic Interactionist Study

This study expands theoretical understanding of organizational misconduct through qualitative analysis of widespread deceptive sales practices at a large U.S. life insurance company. Adopting a symbolic interactionist perspective, this research describes how a set of taken-for-granted interpretive frames located in the organization’s culture created a worldview through which deceptive sales practices were seen as normal, acceptable, routine operating procedure. The findings from this study extend and modify the dominant theoretical ‘pressure/opportunity’ model of organizational misconduct by proposing that the process engine driving misconduct is not amorally rational organization members, but rather is organizational members acting on socially constructed views of the organization that normalize misconduct. Tammy L. MacLean is an assistant professor of management at Suffolk University in Boston, Massachusetts. She teaches in the areas of organizational behavior and managing diversity. Her research interests include how the process of decoupling organizational policies and programs from core organizational functions affects organizational behavior. Her research has been published in academic journals such as Academy of Management Review, Academy of Management Learning & Education, Journal of Management Inquiry, and Business & Society. She received a Ph.D. in Organization Studies in 2001 from Boston College.     

The Diffusion of Process Innovations: A Selective Review

This paper surveys some of the most noteworthy literature on the diffusion of process technologies from the point of view of economics. It examines the main theoretical approaches to the diffusion phenomenon: epidemic and learning effects, equilibrium models associated with firm characteristics and strategic interaction. It also discusses the role of the supply side. Empirical work modelling inter-firm diffusion is reviewed, and special attention is given to the role of geography and inter-firm networking in the process of knowledge transfer and diffusion. Some suggestions for further research are presented as a conclusion.     

Customer Experience Creation: Determinants, Dynamics and Management Strategies

Retailers, such as Starbucks and Victoria's Secret, aim to provide customers a great experience across channels. In this paper we provide an overview of the existing literature on customer experience and expand on it to examine the creation of a customer experience from a holistic perspective. We propose a conceptual model, in which we discuss the determinants of customer experience. We explicitly take a dynamic view, in which we argue that prior customer experiences will influence future customer experiences. We discuss the importance of the social environment, self-service technologies and the store brand. Customer experience management is also approached from a strategic perspective by focusing on issues such as how and to what extent an experience-based business can create growth. In each of these areas, we identify and discuss important issues worthy of further research.     

Geography and International Inequalities: The Impact of New Technologies*

Some writers have predicted that new technologies mean the death of distance, allowing suitably skilled economies to converge with high income countries. This paper evaluates this claim. It argues that geography matters for international income inequalities, and that new technologies will change, but not abolish this dependence. Some activities may become more entrenched in high income countries than they are at present. Others—where information can be readily codified and digitized—will relocate, but typically only to a subset of lower income countries. These countries will benefit, but other countries will continue to experience the costs of remoteness.     

Promoting Interactive Decision Aids on Retail Websites: A Message Framing Perspective with New versus Traditional Focal Actions

Online retailers significantly benefit when consumers use interactive decision aids (IDAs). In this study, we investigate how to best design messages that promote IDA use. Using an extended message framing perspective, we propose that messages about consumers’ traditional action (searching) increase usage intentions more than messages about the new action (IDA use). Results from two experiments confirm that this holds across both high and low involvement categories and in particular when the traditional action frame is combined with a loss outcome. We also demonstrate that familiarity with the message's focal action mediates this effect.     

跨国公司在华竞争环境、经营状况与满意度的实证分析

本文通过对100家大型跨国公司的问卷调查,在分析中国外商投资的趋势、影响和回报的基础上,梳理了在华跨国公司及母公司的基本状况和相互关系,以及在竞争环境、经营自由度、决策权、竞争力、长期经营战略、投资满意度等方面的具体情况,总结出近年来跨国公司在华战略调整的重点,并针对中国企业提出对策建议。     

我国进行国际税收竞争的最优战略与策略分析

本文依据国际税收竞争对我国的积极意义以及我国是发展中大国的战略定位,认为我国应该采取"积极、适度竞争,理性、必要协调"的战略;在竞争策略的选择上,通过对我国主要资本来源国对待本国资本海外投资的规定以及竞争对手国吸引外资相关做法的研究,提出我国应选择"低税率、宽税基、少优惠"的竞争方式和手段,并应注重形成有比较竞争力的税收制度,而不应进行频繁的政策调整.     

A Signalling Model of Firms' Foreign Direct Investment Relocation Decision

We analyse whether the foreign government can influence the multinational firm's relocation decision, through signalling the amount of subsidy it can grant. The foreign country is one of two possible types which differ on their investment conditions. Comparing the results obtained with an adverse selection model (the government knows the country type but the firm does not) with the results of a signalling model, we conclude that relocation is more likely, and the necessary subsidy is smaller, in the signalling model than with adverse selection. This can explain the proliferation of Investment Support Agencies worldwide.     

Obtaining a hub position: A New Economic Geography analysis of industry location and trade network structures

We present a linear New Economic Geography model with three regions, one remote region and two regions that entertain a trade agreement with low bilateral trade costs. Only one of these two integrated regions has the outside option to conclude an additional trade agreement with the remote region and to obtain a hub position. We show that the new trade agreement has a substantial impact on industry location and trade patterns and that the effects strongly depend upon level of integration between the initial two regions. It is not always the region with the outside option that profits from using it. Finally, we also show that higher firm mobility may lead to complex dynamics.     

Thirty years with the balanced scorecard: What we have learned

The balanced scorecard (BSC) is one of the most influential strategy implementation and control tools of the past 75 years, but data regarding the BSC’s impact on firm performance is mixed. In this work, we go beyond anecdotal evidence to take stock of the practical impact the BSC has had, synthesize available qualitative and quantitative data on the relationship between BSC adoption and firm performance, and investigate the conditions under which the BSC has been found to be a successful strategy implementation tool. Based on the evidence, we then provide several recommendations on how to maximize the value of BSC adoption. These recommendations are centered on an apparent paradox: While the BSC is a tool for effective strategy implementation, it must itself be effectively implemented to deliver on its potential.     

The Global Fight against Corruption: A Foucaultian, Virtues-Ethics Framing

This paper extends the discussion of business ethics by examining the issue of corruption, its definition, the solutions being proposed for dealing with it, and the ethical perspectives underpinning these proposals. The paper’s findings are based on a review of association, think-tank, and academic reports, books, and papers dealing with the topic of corruption, as well as the pronouncements, websites, and position papers of a number of important global organizations active in the fight. These organizations include the World Bank, the International Monetary Fund, the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, Transparency International, USAID, the United Nations, the International Chamber of Commerce, the Organization of American States, and the Council of Europe. Our discussion departs from prior analyses by adopting a Foucaultian theoretical framing and by incorporating insights found in the virtue ethics literature. Implications are provided for international business organizations.     

Framing the usefulness of eHRM in talent management: A case study of talent identification in a professional services firm

As talent management evolves from intuitive to evidence‐based decision‐making, the role of electronic Human Resource Management (eHRM) to gather, distribute, and analyze data becomes more critical. However, surprisingly few academic studies investigate the role of technology in talent management. Drawing on a qualitative case study of talent management in a large professional services firm, this paper critically examines how eHRM information technologies are framed as useful within talent identification discourses. The findings reveal two distinct but interrelated sets of processes employed to identify talent and suggest that the perceived usefulness and centrality of eHRM are influenced by how stakeholders shape their understanding of effective talent management. Copyright © 2016 ASAC. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

外资并购的工资效应——来自中国制造业微观层面的证据

本文利用我国制造业企业数据检验了外资并购的工资效应。本文采用匹配的研究方法,发现外资并购的工资效应显著为正;对不同要素密集度、不同并购资本来源地、不同区域的子样本回归,结果均高度稳健;我们还发现外资并购更利于资本密集型及中西部企业的工资提升,工业化国家的并购资本有更大的工资效应。     

Learning from Project Failure: Globalization Lessons for an MNC

We study a multinational corporation's (MNC) failure in implementing a firm‐wide information technology system (ITS) project. To counter heightened competitive pressures, the MNC sought to improve its supply chain responsiveness by implementing the ITS project. However, since the headquarters (HQ) personnel lacked nuanced understanding of the micro issues in the subsidiaries, their design efforts turned out to be inadequate. Organizational practices that restrict member behavior to recipes from past knowledge served to amplify the problem—by disfavoring cooperation. Our study suggests a need to rethink the notion of the HQ as the design place. Further, there is a case for subsidiary personnel being afforded a greater say in design of changes to their work processes, given their higher exposure to process variety. This may offset the HQ‐subsidiary power imbalance noted in prior literature. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Strategic Framing: A Study of the Antecedents of Threat and Opportunity Perceptions

A model of the antecedents of managers' perceptions of market situations as threats or opportunities (strategic framing) is examined in order to explore possible explanations for managers' tendency to overlook threats and opportunities which arise due to changing market conditions. The results indicate that threat and opportunity are not polar opposites, as assumed in the literature, and that threat and opportunity perceptions have different causes. Implications of the findings for enhancing the responsiveness of firms to changing market conditions are discussed.Walter K. Koch Chair in Entrepreneurship