旅行社为何更需要联盟?——基于SEM模型和皖南案例的研究

本文在研究大量文献基础上,以新近上升为国家战略的皖南国际文化旅游示范区内旅行社联盟进行问卷调查和统计分析,初步构建皖南旅行社联盟动机的结构方程模型,并进行关系分析。研究结果表明,皖南国际文化旅游示范区旅行社联盟动机包括降低成本、增强能力、共享资源三个测量维度;三个测量维度构成联盟动机对联盟伙伴选择行为有重要影响。本研究为我国旅行社行业转型升级、区域旅游可持续发展提供了有益建议。     

基于泛珠三角区域旅游协作条件下的旅游产业纵向一体化

旅游产业自身的特点为其实施纵向一体化战略提供了一个理想平台。在区域旅游协作的条件下,泛珠三角旅游产业实施纵向一体化战略存在众多的动因和收益,包括降低交易费用、联合生产获取范围经济、消除多重加价和道德风险的外部性、构筑进入壁垒等,也存在着一定的成本和风险,如增加固定成本、管理成本、组织费用和旅游企业对市场和行业的依赖性等。因此,泛珠三角旅游企业在进行纵向一体化、纵向联盟战略决策和纵向一体化方式的选择上,应全面权衡每种方案的收益和成本,利用区域协作的优势,按自身需要进行适当的抉择。     

旅游环境承载力研究进展

文章分别对国内外旅游环境承载力理论与应用的相关研究领域以及研究存在的问题和趋势进行综述,并对我国城市群旅游环境承载力的研究进行了展望.研究表明,科学有效地衡量和评价城市群旅游环境承载力,推动我国城市群旅游业可持续发展,将成为今后区域旅游发展关注的焦点.     

我国省域旅游业效率测度及影响因素研究——基于SFA和空间Durbin模型分析

本文以固定资产投资和人力资本等为投入变量,利用2004—2010年数据和随机前沿方法测算了我国省域旅游产业效率,并基于空间Durbin模型分析了旅游产业效率影响因素。结果表明,我国省域旅游产业效率整体水平偏低,且存在区域差异性;区域产业结构和开放度对本地旅游产业效率具有积极影响,但对周边区域存在抑制效应;资源禀赋和区域知识基础对特定区域内旅游产业效率影响为负,但对周边区域旅游产业效率存在正向溢出效应。因此,提升区域旅游产业效率既需要优化直接投入资源的质量,也需要构建区域旅游创新体系,实现协同发展。     

区域旅游经济合作的系统性研究

区域经济合作是世界经济发展的大趋势,近10年来世界各国各地区旅游经济合作显著加快了步伐,区域旅游经济关系变得越来越复杂,成为业界关注的焦点和学者研究的热点。新兴的旅游产业的最大特点就是其综合性和关联性,区域旅游经济合作不单单是某一个部门或行业的合作,而是牵涉到诸多行业部门的区域经济系统的协作。区域旅游经济合作的系统性表现在现代旅游产业的系统性特征,区域合作主体、领域、内容、形式的层次性和综合性等方面。     

国内外文化旅游研究进展概述及启示

近年来,文化旅游蓬勃发展.文化旅游发展作为一种新型旅游形式,冲击着国内外的各大旅游市场.同时吸引了国内外旅游学界的关注,文化旅游研究已成为国内外旅游研究重要领域之一.根据近二十多年来国内外旅游相关的主要期刊搜集相关文献,对文化旅游研究领域、研究内容、研究方法等方面进行了分析,结论认为国外文化旅游研究发展已经趋向成熟,形成了比较完备的研究体系.国内文化旅游研究在理论、方法和内容上有很大进展,但还有很大的提升和发展空间.     

影响中国滑雪旅游场地分布的因素初探

本文从地势、海拔、气候、植被、地貌、人口分布、交通情况以及周边旅游资源等方面对我国滑雪旅游场地的分布进行了研究,进而对中国的滑雪旅游场地分布进行了科学规划。将全国划分成四大区域：适宜修建滑雪旅游场地的区域、限制滑雪旅游场地规模的区域、零星修建滑雪旅游场地的区域和不宜修建滑雪旅游场地的区域。为我国的滑雪旅游场地的建设提供了理论依据。     

区域经济一体化背景下港口联盟建设的模式研究——以浙江省为例

区域经济一体化促进了物流重要节点的港口战略联盟建设,它是加快区域经济发展、提升区域港口竞争力、形成国际航运中心的重要途径。通过对区域经济一体化下国内外港口联盟发展的动态和趋势的阐述,并在港口联盟建设的理论及其动因分析的基础上,分析了港口联盟建设的各类模式;以浙江沿海港口为实证,对浙江港口联盟建设的模式进行了探索,并提出了针对性的策略。     

我国中小企业集群的共性分析

目前 ,国内对中小企业集群的研究 ,大多只是对某一特定区域特定模式进行描述和分析 ,而对于我国各地中小企业集群的共同特点却甚少谈及。文章从行业和技术特点、企业制度、形成方式以及集群内企业之间分工与合作的水平等角度对我国中小企业集群作一般共性分析。     

旅游社会学科建设的基本理论问题研究

随着旅游社会研究的逐步走向深入和旅游社会教学体系的不断完善,“旅游”与“社会”的关系日渐密切。结合国内外旅游社会学研究进展,对旅游社会学研究的内涵、对象、性质及内容等基本理论问题进行了研究。     

John Stuart Mill's Theory Of Justice

John Stuart Mill has traditionally been portrayed as self-contradictory and failing to construct a unified social theory. Recent scholarship, however, has challenged this view, finding Mill's work to be creatively synthetic in bridging the antinomies inherent in liberal democratic thought. This revisionist interpretation of Mill is advanced by an understanding of his theory of justice and its role in shaping his policy positions on issues such as welfare, education, voting rights, property rights, taxation, government intervention, and the future of capitalism.     

A Rich Vein for “Reality Mining”北大核心CSSCISSCI

Arik Hesseldahl In the aftermath of the September 11 attacks, U.S. officials quickly turned their attention to other potential targets, including California's Golden Gate Bridge. What would happen if terrorists took down the bridge between San Francisco and Marin County? How much of the region would be affected and for how long?     

中国养活自己能力的长期预测:技术和政策分析

中国拥有世界五分之一强的人口 ,收入又在迅速增长。因此 ,国际上很自然地会考虑或推测她在今后的几十年是否有能力养活自己。中国的人口预计将从 2 0 0 0年的 1 2 8亿增长到 2 0 2 0年的 1 4 6亿 ,和 2 0 3 0年的 1 4 9亿。与此同时 ,人均收入的增长将导致对家畜和鱼类产品更大的需求 ,因而对饲料的需求也将有很大的增长     

John Stuart Mill's Theories of Wealth and Income Distribution

Although he was much influenced by David Ricardo when he wrote the classical part of his Principles , John Stuart Mill was not a Ricardian when he penned his theories of wealth and distribution. They are based on a triple foundation. First, a belief that economics is a moral discipline. Second a theory of custom-driven human behavior. Third, an empirically formed conviction that the institutions of state, education and business cooperate to structure the distribution of income. On the basis of these presuppositions, Mill formulated 1) an institutional theory of the formation of human and non-human wealth and 2) an even more institutional theory of distribution demonstrating how the aforementioned institutions malignantly skew the distribution of income to the advantage of the propertied classes and to the extreme disadvantage of the working class. As a social economist, Mill recommended institutional reforms designed to eradicate the poverty of the working class.     

Toward a Phylogenetic Reconstruction of Organizational Life

Synopsis Classification is an important activity that facilitates theory development in many academic disciplines. Scholars in fields such as organizational science, management science and economics and have long recognized that classification offers an approach for ordering and understanding the diversity of organizational taxa (groups of one or more similar organizational entities). However, even the most prominent organizational classifications have limited utility, as they tend to be shaped by a specific research bias, inadequate units of analysis and a standard neoclassical economic view that does not naturally accommodate the disequilibrium dynamics of modern competition. The result is a relatively large number of individual and unconnected organizational classifications, which tend to ignore the processes of change responsible for organizational diversity. Collectively they fail to provide any sort of universal system for ordering, compiling and presenting knowledge on organizational diversity. This paper has two purposes. First, it reviews the general status of the major theoretical approaches to biological and organizational classification and compares the methods and resulting classifications derived from each approach. Definitions of key terms and a discussion on the three principal schools of biological classification (evolutionary systematics, phenetics and cladistics) are included in this review. Second, this paper aims to encourage critical thinking and debate about the use of the cladistic classification approach for inferring and representing the historical relationships underpinning organizational diversity. This involves examining the feasibility of applying the logic of common ancestry to populations of organizations. Consequently, this paper is exploratory and preparatory in style, with illustrations and assertions concerning the study and classification of organizational diversity.     

Information infrastructure: Who builds broadband networks?

This paper examines the essential difference between the U.S. and Japan, when one considers information infrastructure. There are seven perception gaps between the U.S. and Japan concerning Information Infrastructure policies. These gaps must be understood in order to compare the countries' governmental policies in this area. In looking at the present circumstances, the essential question to answer concerns who is to build, own and operate the network(s) of the infrastructure. Liberalization is certain to be a central factor in the ongoing telecommunications debates. Now that customers have had a taste of the liberalized market-place, the movement toward more open markets will be difficult to stop. When considering options, it is necessary to pay close attention to standardized network access and the increasingly important role software plays. These issues are causing us to take a new approach to the traditional role played by regulators. They also force a closer look at the appropriate structure of utility companies. This paper addresses the above issues in hopes of stimulating dialog on the new telecommunications infrastructure paradigm.     

海岛地区产业演替及资源基础分析--以舟山群岛为例

改革开放以来,舟山市产业构成发生了显著变化,其经济发展过程可以划分为三个阶段。1992年前,是以产业结构渔业占绝对地位的单一结构阶段;1993—1998年,以旅游业为主的第三产业快速发展阶段;上世纪末以来,又进入了新一轮的经济发展时期,即工业产值比重快速增加阶段。根据海岛的自然资源基础和特点,在新世纪的经济发展过程中,舟山市应定位为生态型的港口旅游城市。以港口及临港工业为主导,以海岛旅游和海洋经济为特色,大力发展第二产业和第三产业。海岛地区的主导产业应体现海岛资源优势及区位优势,以集群性环保型产业为主。同时由于海岛地区淡水资源缺乏,主导产业也应着重选择低耗水型产业。     

风险视角下企业治理结构和研发创新——基于委托代理模型的研究

本文基于委托代理模型,从风险的视角研究企业治理结构对研发创新能力的影响。本文构建了一个包含创新活动的委托代理模型进行理论分析,利用动态DEA 模型测算创新能力,并使用2015-2018年我国上市制造业企业数据进行实证检验。实证部分检验了理论结论:委托代理问题不利于企业提升研发创新能力,且客观风险和主观风险厌恶会加剧该负面影响。基于此,本文认为上市企业应根据企业自身研发活动特点有针对性地改善企业治理结构,提出了适当延长代理人任期、推动股权激励计划、提升代理人的风险承担能力等建议。     

生物群落结构原型的仿生学模拟

模拟生命系统管理规律的科学即管理仿生学,是知识时代仿生学研究的新领域与前沿.基于模拟生物群落结构规律的研究目的,采用仿生学模拟的研究方法,以生物群落结构为原型,建立了仿生群落结构模型.结论为:垂直结构、水平结构、时间结构与交错区结构是支持生物群落生命活动的结构规律,以该规律为原型,推理建立了仿生分层结构、仿生优化结构、仿生动态结构与仿生相邻结构,四种仿生结构分别侧重于管理资源的分层管理、局部优化管理、动态过程管理、相邻关系管理,该模型为建立类似生物群落的人造管理系统即仿生群落管理系统提供了仿生结构模型.可以预测,该模型具有广泛的应用价值,能够推动管理仿生学的发展.