Consumer Attitude and Visit Intention toward Food-Trucks: Targeting Millennials

Food-trucks are growing in popularity, and they are now part of the foodie culture. As they fit well with Millennials’ desire to try new things—new foods, and a new food culture—the number of trucks on the streets is expected to continue to rise. To understand, how millennial consumers think and make decisions about food-truck dining, this study identifies benefits and risks of food-truck dining and their impact on a millennial consumer’s attitude and visit intention. This study finds consumers see hygienic and environmental risk and convenience and hedonic benefits in food-truck dining. The findings from this study provide evidence that hygienic and environmental risks of food-trucks negatively influence consumers’ attitudes and visit intentions toward food-truck dining experience, while hedonic benefit leads to favorable attitude and visit intention. The findings further indicate that a significant relationship exists between consumer attitude and purchasing intention. This study helps food-truck marketers and operators to develop effective marketing and operational strategies to increase the visits of existing food-truck diners and attract potential consumers.     

Attitude Toward and Propensity to Engage in Unethical Behavior: Measurement Invariance across Major among University Students

This research examines business and psychology students’ attitude toward unethical behavior (measured at Time 1) and their propensity to engage in unethical behavior (measured at Time 1 and at Time 2, 4 weeks later) using a 15-item Unethical Behavior measure with five Factors: Abuse Resources, Not Whistle Blowing, Theft, Corruption, and Deception. Results suggested that male students had stronger unethical attitudes and had higher propensity to engage in unethical behavior than female students. Attitude at Time 1 predicted Propensity at Time 1 accurately for all five factors (concurrent validity): If students consider it to be unethical, then, they are less likely to engage in that unethical behavior. Attitude at Time 1 predicted only Factor Abuse Resources for Propensity at Time 2. Propensity at Time 1 was significantly related to Propensity at Time 2. Attitude at Time 1, Propensity at Time 1, and Propensity at Time 2 had achieved configural and metric measurement invariance across major (business vs. psychology). Thus, researchers may have confidence in using these measures in future research.Yuh-Jia Chen received his Ph.D. in Measurement, Evaluation, and Statistics at Teachers College, Columbia University (with a M.A. in Organizational Psychology and M.S. in Applied Statistics). His research interests lie in choice and decision making under risk, money attitude, and resource allocation behavior. Currently, he is an Assistant Professor of Psychology at Middle Tennessee State University.Thomas Li-Ping Tang (Ph.D., Case Western Reserve University) is a Full Professor of Management in the Department of Management and Marketing, Jennings A. Jones College of Business at Middle Tennessee State University (MTSU), Murfreesboro, Tennessee, 37132. He has taught Industrial and Organizational Psychology at National Taiwan University and at MTSU. His primary research interests are in work motivation, compensation, money attitudes, the Love of Money, unethical behavior, pay satisfaction, turnover, stress, and cross-cultural issues. He has published more than 100 journal articles (e.g., Journal of Applied Psychology, Personnel Psychology, Human Relations, Journal of Management, Management Research, Journal of Organizational Behavior, and Journal of Business Ethics) and presented more than 180 papers in professional conferences and invited seminars around the world. He is (was) a member of the review board for 5 journals and serves as a reviewer for 26 journals around the world. He was the winner of two Outstanding Research Awards (1991, 1999) and Distinguished International Service Award (1999) at Middle Tennessee State University. He also received the Best Reviewer Award from the International Management Division of the Academy of Management in Seattle, WA (2003).     

Assessing the Role of Nationalistic Feelings in Consumers' Willingness to Take Action Against Foreign Products: An Exploratory Study in Brazil

ABSTRACT

This study draws on the social dominance theory and the intergroup relations theory to explore the impact of nationalistic feelings on consumers' willingness to take action against foreign products. This exploratory study was conducted in Brazil, using two countries as treatment conditions: Paraguay and the USA. Consistent with expectations, the mere existence of a commercial conflict involving the home country and a foreign nation seems to be sufficient to raise nationalistic feelings (a “them” against “us” feeling). The results also show that consumers' willingness to take action against products of the adversary country prompted by these nationalistic feelings might be mediated by their perception of group (nation) economic power (dominance).

RESUMEN. Este estudio se basa en la teoría del dominio social y la teoría de las relaciones intergrupales para explorar el impacto que los sentimientos nacionalistas ejercen sobre la buena voluntar de los consumidores de actuar contra los productos extranjeros. Este estudio exploratorio fue realizado en el Brasil, usando dos países como condiciones de tratamiento: Paraguay y los Estados Unidos. De conformidad con las expectativas, la mera existencia de un conflicto comercial involucrando el país de origen y la nación extranjera parece ser suficiente para despertar sentimientos nacionalistas (un sentimiento de “ellos” contra “nosotros”). Los resultados también muestran la buena voluntad de los consumidores de tomar alguna acción contra los productos provenientes del país adversario, disparados por este sentimiento nacionalista que puede ser mediado por su percepción del poder (dominio) económico del grupo (nación).

RESUMO. Este estudo utiliza a teoria do domínio social e das relações entre grupos, para explorar o impacto do sentimento nacionalista na vontade do consumidor de rejeitar produtos estrangeiros. Este estudo exploratório foi realizado no Brasil, utilizando dois países como base de consulta: o Paraguai e os Estados Unidos. De acordo com as expectativas, a mera existência de um conflito comercial, envolvendo o país de residência e um país estrangeiro, parece ser suficiente para elevar os sentimentos nacionalistas (um sentimento “deles” contra um “nosso”). Os resultados também demonstram que a vontade do consumidor de rejeitar os produtos do país adversário, estimulada por tais sentimentos nacionalistas, pode ser influenciada pela sua percepção de poder (domínio) do grupo (nação) econômico.     

金融创新:中国票据市场有序发展的必由路径

当前我国票据市场存在严厉的金融管制,对票据业务发展造成一定的影响,这些管制措施主要包括票源管制、利率管制和苛求监管三个方面;进一步发展票据市场首先必须放松管制,更为重要的是必须进行金融创新;本文提出了当前我国票据市场金融创新思路,重点在于发展融资性银行票据和商业承兑票据业务,并提出了防范风险的相应措施.     

A spatial approach to the FDI-growth nexus in Spain: Dealing with the headquarters effect

This paper examines the effects of inward FDI on economic growth across the Spanish regions over the period 1996–2013, paying particular attention to the ‘headquarters effect’, namely that FDI is not always registered where it is effectively made but in the region in which the firm’s headquarters is located. By estimating a panel Spatial Durbin Model to allow for the detection of spatial spillovers, two main findings are reported. First, FDI does foster economic growth. Second, only when the headquarters effect is properly addressed do spatial spillovers arise. Hence, this effect is masking the impact of regional FDI spillovers on growth, which affects the reliability of the results and, consequently, FDI policies choice. Importantly, the results are: a) robust to the way of computing the headquarters effect; b) independent of the spatial weight matrix specification; and c) confirmed when splitting FDI into different industrial and service branches.     

中国上市公司现金流管理研究——兼对中美市场现金流管理行为比较研究

This paper examines cash flow management in the Chinese market and compares it to that in the U.S. market. It adopts Burgstahler and Dichev (1997) and Degeorge et al.’s (1999) method and the best-fitted distribution model to analyze the financial data of Chinese listed firms during 1998–2005 and the forecasted cash flow per share (CPS) data for Chinese firms in the I/B/E/S database during 1993–2005. Results reveal that cash flows reports are not as reliable as people think, and managers manipulate cash flows just as they manipulate earnings. Further analyses show that zero point, last year’s cash flow and analyst cash flow forecast are the three thresholds that influence managers’ decision when they report cash flow performance. Over 16% of the firms with small positive cash flows manipulate their cash flow. Moreover, 16.64% of the firms with small changes in cash flow and 9.81% of the firms with small surprises manipulate cash flows to reach the targets. A comparative analysis shows that cash flow management behaviors around zero and zero changes are more prevalent in the Chinese market than in the U.S. market. Cash flow management around analyst cash flow forecasts, however, is no more prevalent than that in the U.S. market. Translated and revised from Zhongguo Kuaiji Pinglun 中国会计评论 (China Accounting Review), 2007, 5(3): 381–400     

The Prospect of Familism in the Global Era: A Study on the Recent Development of the Ethnic-Chinese Business,with Particular Attention to the Indonesian Context

The ethnic-Chinese business is often characterised by a central role of the family both in the structure of the firm and in its corporate culture. This has political, social as well as cultural reasons. The centrality of the family in business has its advantages and disadvantages. On the one hand, it enables a fast, efficient and flexible process of decision-making. On the other hand, it often contradicts modern business professionalism. The younger generation of ethnic-Chinese business actors tend to preserve crucial elements of such family-centred characteristics. Yet, globalisation drives them to transform their business style, lessening its dependence on family resources and adopting more-modern professional ideas. Changes in current political situation, religious-cultural trend, demography and education contribute to making possible the transformation.