高校修缮工程结算审计项目管理重点初探

修缮工程结算审计项目是高校内部审计机构的重点管理对象,也是经常面临的审计难点问题.本文从实施修缮工程审计项目的目标角度出发,结合实践过程,较为全面地阐述了高校修缮工程审计项目管理重点内容和处理方法,提出了控制审计风险的具体措施.     

高校修缮工程审计问题探究

通过对高校修缮工程领域中普遍存在的问题进行提炼和分析,结合实际工作经验,从审计制度建设,审计方法创新,审计领域扩展等方面提出改进高校修缮工程审计的建议.     

高校修缮工程审计问题探究

通过对高校修缮工程领域中普遍存在的问题进行提炼和分析，结合实际工作经验，从审计制度建设，审计方法创新，审计领域扩展等方面提出改进高校修缮工程审计的建议。     

浅析高校修缮工程全过程跟踪审计的控制要点

高校修缮工程因为其自身的特点,往往不同于一般的修缮工程,所以在工程实施过程中有着独有的困难。本文从修缮工程全过程跟踪审计控制要点出发,结合高校修缮工程的特点,对控制要点进行分析后提出建设性意见。     

浅谈高职院校在工程结算审计中的常见问题与对策

高职院校工程结算审计是一项专业性很强、综合性要求较高的重要工作,整个工作要求繁杂而又意义重大,要求审计部门人员具备一定的专业技术以及细致的工作态度.高职院校在开展工程结算审计过程中往往会与施工单位的经济利益发生冲突,遇到各式各样的问题,这就要求高职院校的审计人员具备解决这些问题的能力.因此,分析高校工程结算审计中的常见问题就显得尤为重要,同时,文章还提出了解决工程竣工结算审计问题的对策.     

浅谈政府代建项目工程结算审计问题的成因及风险防范

随着经济体制的改革,在市场经济条件下,政府代建项目越来越多,其工程结算审计问题也越来越重要。工程结算审计是现代工程审计的一种新模式,是传统审计模式的发展、创新,实施工程结算审计能有效预防工程审计风险。本文首先分析了政府代建项目的必要性,并分析了工程结算审计存在的问题和原因,重点探讨了其审计问题的风险防范措施。     

浅析高校新校区基建审计中的问题及对策

近年来,为了适应我国高等教育事业的迅猛发展,各高校纷纷投资兴建新校区,以满足不断增长的办学需要。随着高校基本建设规模急剧增加。基建工程中存在的问题也越来越突出。文章从高校内审部门提高新校区基建审计质量的紧迫性出发,分析了新校区基建审计在工程招投标、施工合同的签订和管理、设计勘察、工程施工等阶段存在的问题,并对如何解决问题发表了自己的见解。     

高校建设工程竣工结算审计的问题与思考

文章通过对高校建设工程竣工结算审计存在的问题进行分析,提出从优化内审环境、落实审计责任、了解审计方法、把握审计重点、严管施工现场、强化过程审计等方面进行改进和优化,希望能为高校的建设工程管理和工程审计人员提供一定的借鉴和参考。     

工程竣工结算审计探析

工程竣工结算审计是工程审计中一项重要内容,本文针对工程竣工结算中存在的一些问题,提出了做好竣工结算审计的具体措施。     

浅论高校基建工程审计的问题与对策

随着高校办学规模的不断扩大,基建工程审计成为高校审计的重点.本文从高校工程审计的特点出发,分析了高校基建工程审计存在的问题,并提出了相应的建议与对策.     

企业诚信意识与思想政治工作调研及对策思考

在对福建省企业诚信意识与思想政治工作调研的基础上,提出构建可操作的“三层次四模块”诚信意识培育新模式,推进人本化管理理念的渗透,加强人文关怀和心理疏导,以实现思想政治工作诚信意识培育的目标。     

中国经济的内外均衡与财税改革

我国经常项目持续的大规模顺差,给国民经济的健康发展带来一系列的不利影响。在前人研究的基础上,通过对各种影响因素进行分类拆解,本文试图从理论和实证角度说明长期的储蓄-消费失衡是造成我国贸易顺差的一个重要原因,而其背后的根本原因是由于企业可支配收入相对于劳动者报酬不断提高带来的收入结构和储蓄结构失衡。我国当前企业未分配收入大幅增长的原因可以归结为企业利润率"虚高"和国企"不分红"问题。只有从体制上解决这个问题,才能使储蓄降低到适当的水平,通过拉动内需消除我国过大的贸易顺差,从根本上解决内外经济比例失衡问题。     

森林资源规划设计调查总结与反思

森林资源规划设计调查是为国家、地区及森林经营单位制定林业方针政策,编制林业区划、规划、计划,指导林业生产而提供基础资源数据,为实现森林资源合理经营、科学管理、永续利用、持续发展,充分发挥森林生态效益、经济效益、社会效益服务。森林资源调查的任务是全面查清森林资源数量、质量变化及其消长变化状况、规律,进行综合分析和评价,准确提供所需有关森林资源调查成果资料。基于森林资源二类调查的重要性和今后调查工作顺利开展的需要,调查之后的总结与反思尤为重要。     

Homogeneity and Heterogeneity Within and Across Boundaries and Shorelines: Ensemble of Darwin's Finches and Human Transaction Types

Synopsis: In the most famous example of the biological process of adaptive radiation, two forces explain the fourteen distinct species of Darwin's finches on the Galápagos and Cocos Islands: First, populations adapt to their respective distinct ecological environments. Second, previously separated populations come in contact and may adapt to mitigate inter-species competition. The result is a complex pattern of homogeneity and heterogeneity among the birds, both on a single island and across islands. This pattern reflects the finches' adaptations both to the distinct ecological conditions created by the visible shorelines that separate the islands' niches and to the finches' own less-visible cultural and societal shorelines. The New Institutional Economics highlights the fact that human institutional infrastructures also exhibit complex homogeneities and heterogeneities, as we adapt those infrastructures to accomplish the tasks at hand in distinct geographic and societal contexts. Mixes of both state enforcement and self-enforcement, through inter-temporal, inter-issue, and inter-actor linkages, provide support and enforcement for transactions; and those mixes differ across transactions and across states. When transactions occur across state or cultural shorelines, institutional infrastructures must be flexible enough to accommodate those differences, without allowing the differences to become disguised protectionism or barriers to competition. These issues contribute to many of the regulatory disputes associated with ‘globalization’. We briefly consider two concrete recent examples: (1) the European Union–United States ‘Safe Harbor’ Agreement that regulates firms' policies toward Internet-data privacy; and (2) international trade policy negotiations over regulation of ‘geographical indications’ (for example, Champagne or Roquefort) as means of assuring product quality for processed foods. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Classical and Neoclassical harmonies and dissonances

Abstract

Proofs are given that only singularly can real 1750 – 2007 competitive price ratios be ‘natural', in the sense of being invariant under changes in demand tastes. Proofs are given that both 1750 – 1870 discrete technologies or 1890 – 2007 continuum technologies, with convexity properties sufficient for arbitrage-proof supply-demand equilibria, will be ‘intertemporally Pareto optimal', immune to leaving any deadweight (inefficient) losses on the table. Sraffa (1960), ignoring the vast post-1945 linear and non-linear programming mathematical literature of Danzig, Kuhn-Tucker-Bellman, von Neumann, Ramsey literature does not quite arrive at attainable distribution solutions. Where it tolerates increasing or decreasing returns to scale, there can be no competitive equilibria. When its matrix equations do obey first-degree-homogeneous functions, the book's stress on Basics or non-Basics is an irrelevancy leading to bizarre novel interpretations of Ricardo.

Old age overtakes us all. Alas, Sraffs's proposed critique of twentieth century political economy we will never be able to know.     

Sen and Commons on Markets and Freedom

Amartya Sen's enlarged conception of freedom has augmented the scope of economic analysis but it also has had the surprising effect of being more supportive of the free market than conventional welfare economics. It is argued here that a comparison of Sen's position with that of the American institutionalist, J R Commons, highlights some problems with Sen's approach and points to possible ways in which they might be addressed.     

美国、日本产业政策:比较分析与启示

现阶段,在吸取美国、日本经验的基础上,我国产业结构调整应主要依靠市场机制进行调节,同时辅之以宏观政策,尽快使我国的产业结构优化,即产业结构的合理化、高级化。     

Globalization and taxation: Theory and evidence

We construct a theoretical model to capture the compensation and efficiency effects of globalization in a set up where the redistributive tax rate is chosen by the median voter. The model predicts that the two alternative modes of globalization- trade liberalization and financial openness- could potentially have different effects on taxation. We then provide some empirical evidence on the relationship between taxation and the alternative modes of globalization using a large cross-country panel data set. On average, globalization is associated with lower taxation but there is some evidence that in countries with high capital-labor ratio, globalization is associated with increased taxation. We make a distinction between de jure and de facto measures of globalization and find a strong negative relationship between taxation and de jure measures of globalization. The results for de facto measures of globalization are mixed.     

Finance and inequality: Channels and evidence

We provide a framework to interpret the recent literature on financial development and inequality. In many developing countries, access to funding and financial services by firms and households is still very skewed. Recent evidence suggests that poor access does not only reflect economic constraints but also barriers erected by insiders. Inequality affects the distribution of political influence, so financial regulation often is easily captured by established interests in unequal countries. Captured reforms deepen rather than broaden access, as small elites obtain most of the benefits while risks are socialized. Financial liberalization motivated to increase access may in practice increase fragility and inequality, and lead to political backlash against reforms. Thus financial reforms may succeed only if matched by a buildup in oversight institutions. Journal of Comparative Economics 35 (4) (2007) 748–773.     

The Performance of Public and Private Enterprise under Conditions of Active and Passive Ownership and Competition and Monopoly

Privatisation is driven by the belief that public ownership is cost inefficient, in particular under monopoly. However, some theoretical and empirical studies have questioned whether privatisation will necessarily lead to efficiency gains. This paper focuses on the impact of ownership when owners can be either active or passive. Active owners decide on output, whereas passive owners delegate this decision to a risk-averse manager. It turns out that managerial slack as reflected in the marginal costs will actually be the same or higher in a private monopoly than under public ownership. The impact of entry is theoretically ambiguous, but an increased number of firms in an oligopoly may lead to lower efficiency.