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1.
The health risks from indoor and ambient air pollution create a considerable burden to global economic development and health, especially in economies within an aging society. Previous research has established the adverse effects of air pollution on health. However, most studies do not focus on the simultaneous effect of indoor and ambient air pollution nor its health risks to the older population. This study examines the impact of exposure to both indoor and ambient air pollution for the same individuals over time on mental health by using a nationally representative longitudinal survey for middle-aged and elderly individuals in China. We find that both indoor and ambient air pollution have an adverse effect on elderly mental health and significantly increases the likelihood of having depressive symptoms. We provide evidence that the effect of indoor and ambient air pollution is associated more with less educated and females. 相似文献
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如何发挥产业转移的雾霾治理效应?——基于长三角地区的实证研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为探究如何借助产业转移实现雾霾污染的有效治理,文章以长三角地区内各城市 PM2.5 日均浓度为样本,在运用 Hsiao 格兰杰因果检验等计量方法揭示了区域内城市间雾霾污染溢出效 应具体特征的基础上,指出了怎样的产业转移才能实现雾霾治理的效果。实证结果表明:(1)区 域内各城市雾霾污染的溢出效应是普遍存在的;(2)各城市雾霾溢出效应的强弱与其地理位置有 关;(3)污染程度较高的城市并不一定呈现出更强的溢出效应。故结合产业现状来看,现行的产 业转移并不能有效缓解长三角地区的雾霾污染问题,必须结合雾霾污染及溢出特征调整产业转移 政策、优化产业转移方向,实施区域协同治理、集中化高效治理。 相似文献
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The distributional effects of a major air regulation in the United State in 2015 were analyzed using Berliant and Strauss Index Numbers, a set of theoretical and empirical equity metrics, and reduced‐form models that estimate the mortality effects of air pollutant emissions and their source contributions. By viewing the effects of pollution on human mortality as an implicit tax, we found progressivity in 54% to 56% of vertical comparisons and inequity in 92% to 94% of horizontal comparisons. The introduction of the proposed policy made 58% of vertical comparisons more progressive and was equitable to 70% of horizontal comparisons. 相似文献
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为明确晋中市榆次区降水过程对大气颗粒物的清除效果,基于2021年1月至2022年12月榆次区的大气颗粒物(PM2.5、PM10)浓度和气象观测数据,利用数理统计、相关性分析等方法分别从降水总量、降水持续时间、降水前颗粒物浓度和小时最大降水量4个指标研究降水过程对PM2.5、PM10的清除效果.结果表明:降水总量的增加有利于促进对PM2.5、PM10的清除效果,随着降水总量增加,PM2.5、PM10的平均清除率提高,正清除比例增加;连续降水可增强对大气颗粒物的清除效果,当连续降水达到12 h可有效降低PM2.5、PM10的浓度;降水对颗粒物的清除效果和颗粒物初始浓度有较好的正相关性,当降水过程开始3 h前颗粒物浓度较高时,降水对PM2.5、PM10有较好的清除效果,但PM2.5初始浓度≤35 μg/m3,PM10初始浓度≤50 μg/m3时,易出现负清除作用;小时最大降水量>1.5 mm时,降水过程对大气颗粒物有比较明显的清除效果. 相似文献
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PM2.5污染已成为我国突出的大气环境问题,开展PM2.5科普以减少PM2.5污染带来的危害已成为科普工作的新热点。通过对合肥市公民PM2.5科学素养的问卷调查,了解到该地区市民对于PM2.5的科普存在着参与度较低、科学意识及能力薄弱等问题。建议政府部门及相关环保组织在进行环境科普时从主体、形式、内容等方面加以改进。 相似文献
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本文阐述了高职学生心理健康的现状,和休闲体育教育的特点对学生心理健康的促进,提出高职院校休闲体育活动应结合专业教育、职业素养培育,在情景教学活动中展开。 相似文献
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以函数型线性模型作为研究动态影响的工具,通过研究发现PM2.5对浙江、福建、江西房价的动态影响存在两种模式:一种是PM2.5上升最终会导致房价下降,PM2.5下降最终会导致房价上升,该模式在全年中占了243天,符合客观认知:空气质量越好房价越高,空气质量越差房价越低;另一种是PM2.5的上升最终会带动房价上升,PM2.5下降最终会导致房价下降,该模式在全年中占了122天,有些违背常理,应当是由其他因素引起而恰好与PM2.5的变动趋势重合。 相似文献
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农村老年人在经济上是最为弱势的群体,他们的贫困发生率远远高于城市老人。贫困不仅体现为物质上的剥夺,更会引起认知退化和抑郁等精神健康上的问题。文章使用中国健康与养老追踪调查数据,实证考察经济状况对农村中老年人精神健康的影响。多层线性模型估计结果表明:家庭人均年收入每提高一千元,反映认知状况的情景记忆显著提高0.132分、精神状态显著提高0.121分,而反映抑郁程度的CES-D则显著下降0.293分。进一步分析表明,收入对精神健康的促进作用对高收入者更大。考虑到农村更加严重的老龄化程度,通过减贫实现农村中老年人精神健康状况的改善将具有重要的现实意义。 相似文献
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经济发展导致了环境污染,而监测部门的统计数据是从不同方面对环境状况的反映,这不可避免带来了信息重叠、多指标难以进行比较分析的困难。本文应用主成分分析法及聚类分析法,根据广东省空气污染和治理方面等实际情况作了一定的简化、分析及研究,并给出了相应的解决方案与对策。 相似文献
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为分析唐山区域环境质量,以2018年2—4月的空气成分数据为数据源,借助Python对其进行数据可视化分析,包括散点图、热力图,以及污染成分相关性分析等.研究结果表明:针对区域环境质量分析的问题,交互式散点图相对于热力图表现得更加精确实用;季节性变化和地理位置的变化对空气质量的影响程度非常大,PM2.5与空气湿度的变化趋势呈现负相关,可以通过控制湿度来改善空气质量;部分工厂地区PM2.5浓度达到130以上,明显高于其他区域;唐山地区各大工厂污染气体的排放是造成空气污染的主要原因,需要对这些区域进行重点管理. 相似文献
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空气质量无论对经济的发展还是人体的健康都尤为重要。以大气中PM2.5浓度的变化为研究对象,采用逐步回归的方法对PM2.5影响最严重和最显著的因素进行筛选,利用这些因素构建普通多元线性回归模型和线性分位数回归模型来研究PM2.5浓度,全面细致地探究气象因素和污染物排放因素对西安市PM2.5浓度的影响,分析了普通多元线性回归模型和线性分位数回归模型不同分位点自变量对因变量的影响大小以及显著性特点,得出影响因素在不同分位点上的变化趋势。 相似文献
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Air pollution has imposed significant negative effects on individuals’ well-being, including citizens’ sentiment levels. To test this claim, we investigate the impact of air pollution on Chinese urbanites’ music sentiments. The analysis is based on a unique dataset of high-frequency music consumption records from a music platform in China from October 13th, 2019 to January 7th, 2020. Using machine learning algorithms, songs on this platform are divided into cheerful songs, melancholy songs and other categories, by which a music sentiment index (MSI) is generated at city-daily level. By matching MSI and daily air quality, this study finds that the MSI declines during highly polluted days, indicating that: on highly polluted days, citizens tend to enjoy melancholy songs over cheerful ones. In addition, this effect becomes more remarkable when the Air Quality Index (AQI) score is above 200, a critical point for “heavily polluted” and “severely polluted” days. 相似文献
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目的分析探讨中专生社会支持获取的状况与特点。方法采用社会支持评定量表(SSRS)与症状自评量表(SCL-90)对254名中专生进行问卷调查。结果中专生社会支持水平在不同年级、男女、城乡学生、独生子女与非独生子女之间均无显著差异,心理健康者在主观支持上评分显著高于心理问题者。结论在中专生心理健康教育中,要重视良好的社会网络特别是主观支持的建立和利用. 相似文献
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Using monthly regional panel data on air quality and large retail store sales in Korea, we empirically examine the effect of air pollution on retail sales. We account for regional heterogeneity in air pollution and control for various macroeconomic and climatic factors that can affect retail sales. We also use the air quality indicator in the west coastal islands (affected by trans‐border pollution but uncorrelated with the economic activity in the mainland) as an instrumental variable. The estimation results show that, in general, 1 additional day of PM10 level higher than 80 μg/m3 reduces monthly retail sales by approximately 0.1 percent. Nonetheless, an adaptive pattern emerges over time, particularly when the level of air pollution in the previous month was severe. 相似文献
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We quantify and estimate the economic impact of the transboundary haze pollution in 2015 on Singapore following reliable quantitative methods and techniques in cost-benefit analysis. We include in the estimation both tangible and intangible costs associated to haze pollution. Specifically, in the estimation of the tangible costs of haze, the estimation includes (1) adverse impacts of haze on health, (2) loss in tourism, (3) loss in business as an indirect effect from loss of tourist receipts, (4) productivity loss due to restricted activity days and (5) cost of mitigation and adaptation by government agencies and households. For the estimation of the intangible costs, the value is derived from the contingent valuation study of Quah et al., 2018 which was conducted in 2018 to estimate Singapore residents’ willingness to pay for a pro-environment collaboration project that could effectively stop “slash and burn” practices and significantly reduce the annual haze pollution issue. The total cost of the 2015 haze episode on Singapore which lasted for 2 months is estimated at S$1.83 billion, amounting to 0.45 % of the country’s gross domestic product. Accordingly, the total tangible cost is estimated at S$1.46 billion equivalent to 0.36 % of GDP while the total intangible cost stands at S$0.36 billion equivalent to 0.09 % of GDP. The findings have important implications for public policy. 相似文献
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Carla Blázquez-Fernández David Cantarero-Prieto Marta Pascual-Saez 《Global Economic Review》2018,47(4):464-479
An open debate these days is about how national income inequality could affect individuals’ health outcomes. Therefore, the present study aims to provide new evidence regarding life expectancy determinants and how they are related to the income inequality hypothesis. Precisely, it is provided new evidence on this relationship for 26 European countries during the period 1995–2014. The analysis is based on panel data techniques, with the latest data from both Eurostat and the OECD Health Statistics. Furthermore, data from the World Bank is also applied. Besides, we have tested the sensitivity of the estimates in our empirical analysis using three clusters of countries. Our results suggest that income inequality does not significantly reduce health in developed societies, like the European ones. Notwithstanding, as income inequality can be sometimes harmful for population health, these issues must be taken into account in order to improve health care policies. 相似文献
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Faced with serious environmental pollution, strengthening the enforcement of environmental regulations has become a priority for governments, especially with sustainable development as a main goal. However, there is not enough empirical evidence about the income distribution effect of environmental regulations. This paper analyzes binding emissions target as a policy shock of environmental regulation to empirically understand its impact on wage growth and inequality based on household and firm level data from 2002 to 2007 in China. The results show that in more pollution-intensive cities, stricter environmental regulation inhibited wage growth, furthermore widening the income gap between skilled and un-skilled labor. These results were further proofed after taking ventilation coefficients as the instrument variable. Heterogeneous tests show that this negative impact is more serious for un-skilled labor in high-polluting industries and also more significant for those located in the central and eastern parts of China. 相似文献
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为评估外来人口与区域产业和环境关系,判别人口环境意识,为区域产业结构调整提供支持,在深圳市沙湾河流域开展外来人口的问卷调查。结果的分析发现,外来人口与本地区产业的关系极为密切,开展产业结构调整时需将产业伴随的人口的生活污染的环境影响纳入考虑。外来人口对区域生态环境满意程度较高,但结合本地区的环境污染问题,人口对环境问题的满意程度出乎预期,污染最严重的水环境受关注程度最低,人口缺乏足够的环境知识,环境意识淡薄,需引起地区管理部门的注意。 相似文献