FDI、产业集聚与技术创新——基于高技术产业的实证分析

文章通过构建面板数据模型,分析了FDI与我国高技术产业集聚的关系,检验了FDI的技术溢出效应对我国高技术产业的技术创新能力是否影响显著,并在此模型基础上引入产业集聚变量来分析产业集聚中的FDI对技术创新能力的影响。检验结果表明,集聚中的FDI技术外溢效应确实对我国内资企业技术创新能力的发挥具有显著的促进作用;而在不考虑产业集聚情况下,FDI在高技术产业中的技术外溢效应不显著。最后对相关结论提出几点政策建议。     

高新技术产业与传统产业间的溢出效应分析——基于菲德模型的检验

文章分别从总效应与外溢效应两个方面分析高技术产业与传统产业之间的互动作用机制,并从实证角度就菲德模型对我国高技术产业与传统产业的关系进行检验。实证检验表明高技术产业对传统产业具有明显的外溢效应,而传统产业对高技术产业的外溢作用不明显。     

高技术产业对经济增长的影响机制及发展建议

高技术产业是国民经济的重要组成部门,对推动经济增长具有重要的促进作用。高技术产业可通过扩大产业规模,形成新经济增长点;通过知识与技术外溢效应,带动经济结构优化;通过产业升级,提升生产要素效率,进而促进经济增长。近年来,虽然我国高技术产业快速发展,但仍面临企业技术创新能力弱、金融支持体系不完善、产学研协调创新机制不健全等障碍。因此,应制定相应的政策措施,提升高技术产业的技术创新能力,完善高技术产业的金融支持体系,健全产学研协调创新机制,进而促进我国高技术产业持续健康发展。     

外商直接投资对中国高技术产业自主创新能力影响的实证分析

利用1999-2007年面板数据,就FDI对中国高技术产业自主创新能力的影响进行了量化分析,结果表明:(1)FDI在中国高技术产业存在技术外溢效应,并在一定程度上促进中国内资企业自主创新能力;(2)研发投入较之于人力资本投入在推动内资企业自主创新能力上,发挥着更为重要的作用.     

高技术产业集群效应评价研究——以陕西省为例

高技术产业集群效应既是高技术产业集群存在的合理解释,也是高技术产业集群不断完善的动力。结合高技术产业集群的技术、人才、风险投资集聚效应以及协同效应和知识外溢效应,通过构建高技术产业集群效应评价指标系统,对陕西省高技术产业集群效应作出评价。     

行业外研发创新外溢效应的实证检验

生产率的增长一方面来自于劳动和资本质量的提高,另一方面来自于效率和技术进步,而后者正是个人、企业和政府的正规或非正规的研发投资以及大量的未被测量的科学和其它知识外溢的贡献。利用全部制造业和高技术产业样本,测算了创新投资的收益率水平,考察了创新投资对全部制造业和高技术产业全要素生产率增长的贡献程度,在此基础上进一步分析了全部制造业和高技术产业生产率的提高,接受来自产业外、公共部门等不同创新投资来源外溢影响的程度,发现行业外技术创新对制造业的生产率提高有显著的正向促进作用。     

战略性贸易政策及其对我国高新技术产业发展的启示

首先介绍了战略性贸易政策关于在高新技术领域政府干预合理性的阐释：高新技术存在技术外溢,规模经济和不完全竞争条件下高技术企业的补贴可提高本国福利;其次,分析了欧洲和日本运用战略性贸易政策的 例子;最后,在以上分析的基础上提出了战略性贸易政策对发展我国高新技术产业的有益启示。     

我国高技术产业技术创新影响因素分析

近年来,我国高技术产业在经济增长中的战略性和先导性作用日益突出,但其技术创新能力却成为制约产业持续发展的主要瓶颈.本文从内部创新、产业组织、制度环境和技术溢出效应等四个方面考察影响我国高技术产业技术创新的主要因素及其作用机理,通过构建面板数据模型,对1998-2011年高技术产业技术创新的影响因素进行实证分析.研究结果显示,研发经费投入是影响我国高技术产业技术创新的最重要因素,但过度增加的政府投入却降低了技术创新产出;国有产权比重提升对行业技术创新也具有显著的负面影响;外商直接投资技术溢出效应对于技术创新的影响比购买国内技术显著.     

FDI对我国高技术产业发展关键要素影响研究

经过三十多年的发展,FDI作为外部资金、技术来源推动了我国高技术产业规模的快速发展;但不容忽视的现实问题是,本土高技术企业在外资企业的强竞争条件下,却难以分享产业高速增长带来的"红利",从长期看,还有可能会抑制我国高技术产业的可持续发展能力。因此,我们不得不重新回顾历史,并思考在未来的开放条件下如何利用FDI在继续推进我国高技术产业"量"的发展同时,更好地推进我国高技术产业的"质"的发展。本文力图通过对FDI对我国高技术产业发展关键要素,包括资本、技术和人力资本的影响途径进行定性和定量分析,并据此提出更好地利用FDI以促进我国高技术产业可持续发展的政策措施。     

本土技术转移对高技术产业创新效率的影响

运用超效率SBM模型测度中国省际高技术产业创新效率,并运用系统GMM方法实证检验本土技术转移对产业创新效率的影响。结果表明,本土技术转移对高技术产业创新效率有显著促进作用,而国外技术引进对创新效率具有抑制作用,FDI对高技术产业创新效率具有显著正向外溢效应;本土技术转移与国外技术引进存在互补效应,促进本土技术转移将有助于增强国外技术溢出效应。本土技术转移与FDI存在替代效应,对创新效率具有显著负向影响。     

A Rich Vein for “Reality Mining”北大核心CSSCISSCI

Arik Hesseldahl In the aftermath of the September 11 attacks, U.S. officials quickly turned their attention to other potential targets, including California's Golden Gate Bridge. What would happen if terrorists took down the bridge between San Francisco and Marin County? How much of the region would be affected and for how long?     

John Stuart Mill's Theory Of Justice

John Stuart Mill has traditionally been portrayed as self-contradictory and failing to construct a unified social theory. Recent scholarship, however, has challenged this view, finding Mill's work to be creatively synthetic in bridging the antinomies inherent in liberal democratic thought. This revisionist interpretation of Mill is advanced by an understanding of his theory of justice and its role in shaping his policy positions on issues such as welfare, education, voting rights, property rights, taxation, government intervention, and the future of capitalism.     

中国养活自己能力的长期预测:技术和政策分析

中国拥有世界五分之一强的人口 ,收入又在迅速增长。因此 ,国际上很自然地会考虑或推测她在今后的几十年是否有能力养活自己。中国的人口预计将从 2 0 0 0年的 1 2 8亿增长到 2 0 2 0年的 1 4 6亿 ,和 2 0 3 0年的 1 4 9亿。与此同时 ,人均收入的增长将导致对家畜和鱼类产品更大的需求 ,因而对饲料的需求也将有很大的增长     

John Stuart Mill's Theories of Wealth and Income Distribution

Although he was much influenced by David Ricardo when he wrote the classical part of his Principles , John Stuart Mill was not a Ricardian when he penned his theories of wealth and distribution. They are based on a triple foundation. First, a belief that economics is a moral discipline. Second a theory of custom-driven human behavior. Third, an empirically formed conviction that the institutions of state, education and business cooperate to structure the distribution of income. On the basis of these presuppositions, Mill formulated 1) an institutional theory of the formation of human and non-human wealth and 2) an even more institutional theory of distribution demonstrating how the aforementioned institutions malignantly skew the distribution of income to the advantage of the propertied classes and to the extreme disadvantage of the working class. As a social economist, Mill recommended institutional reforms designed to eradicate the poverty of the working class.     

Toward a Phylogenetic Reconstruction of Organizational Life

Synopsis Classification is an important activity that facilitates theory development in many academic disciplines. Scholars in fields such as organizational science, management science and economics and have long recognized that classification offers an approach for ordering and understanding the diversity of organizational taxa (groups of one or more similar organizational entities). However, even the most prominent organizational classifications have limited utility, as they tend to be shaped by a specific research bias, inadequate units of analysis and a standard neoclassical economic view that does not naturally accommodate the disequilibrium dynamics of modern competition. The result is a relatively large number of individual and unconnected organizational classifications, which tend to ignore the processes of change responsible for organizational diversity. Collectively they fail to provide any sort of universal system for ordering, compiling and presenting knowledge on organizational diversity. This paper has two purposes. First, it reviews the general status of the major theoretical approaches to biological and organizational classification and compares the methods and resulting classifications derived from each approach. Definitions of key terms and a discussion on the three principal schools of biological classification (evolutionary systematics, phenetics and cladistics) are included in this review. Second, this paper aims to encourage critical thinking and debate about the use of the cladistic classification approach for inferring and representing the historical relationships underpinning organizational diversity. This involves examining the feasibility of applying the logic of common ancestry to populations of organizations. Consequently, this paper is exploratory and preparatory in style, with illustrations and assertions concerning the study and classification of organizational diversity.     

Information infrastructure: Who builds broadband networks?

This paper examines the essential difference between the U.S. and Japan, when one considers information infrastructure. There are seven perception gaps between the U.S. and Japan concerning Information Infrastructure policies. These gaps must be understood in order to compare the countries' governmental policies in this area. In looking at the present circumstances, the essential question to answer concerns who is to build, own and operate the network(s) of the infrastructure. Liberalization is certain to be a central factor in the ongoing telecommunications debates. Now that customers have had a taste of the liberalized market-place, the movement toward more open markets will be difficult to stop. When considering options, it is necessary to pay close attention to standardized network access and the increasingly important role software plays. These issues are causing us to take a new approach to the traditional role played by regulators. They also force a closer look at the appropriate structure of utility companies. This paper addresses the above issues in hopes of stimulating dialog on the new telecommunications infrastructure paradigm.     

Nonlinearity in Stock Exchange Markets: The Case of Bist 100 Indices

In this paper,using data for the Bist 100 index,we investigate the presence of nonlinearities by employing several nonlinearity tests.The Brock,Dechert,and Sche...     

Solidified Branding Function: How the Urban Brand Affects a Small Town’s Development? Case Study of Wangqingtuo,Tianjin, China

Chinese small towns are usually developed with single core industry,and the urban brand is the identity of a town that formed with the development of its indust...     

海岛地区产业演替及资源基础分析--以舟山群岛为例

改革开放以来,舟山市产业构成发生了显著变化,其经济发展过程可以划分为三个阶段。1992年前,是以产业结构渔业占绝对地位的单一结构阶段;1993—1998年,以旅游业为主的第三产业快速发展阶段;上世纪末以来,又进入了新一轮的经济发展时期,即工业产值比重快速增加阶段。根据海岛的自然资源基础和特点,在新世纪的经济发展过程中,舟山市应定位为生态型的港口旅游城市。以港口及临港工业为主导,以海岛旅游和海洋经济为特色,大力发展第二产业和第三产业。海岛地区的主导产业应体现海岛资源优势及区位优势,以集群性环保型产业为主。同时由于海岛地区淡水资源缺乏,主导产业也应着重选择低耗水型产业。