高速铁路对生产性服务业空间格局变迁的影响

运用核密度估计法,发现我国生产性服务业从业人口密集区与我国高速铁路网络高度耦合,呈现全国性集聚与省域集聚并存的特点。高速铁路的"廊道效应"促使高速铁路沿线城市生产性服务业密集程度差异呈扩大趋势,而并未对非高速铁路沿线城市的生产性服务业密集程度产生明显影响。在加权平均旅行时间的基础上,引入城市每日高速铁路运营的频次,以此改进可达性的测度方法。结果显示,高级网络节点城市的向心集聚力在高速铁路"虹吸效应"的作用下呈规模递增趋势,并通过扩大与周边腹地差距,形成生产性服务业集聚的核心城市。在多中心区域密度函数的基础上,运用动态VPM模型,分析了高速铁路影响下的各个核心城市生产性服务业空间集聚和扩散的动态过程。结果表明,生产性服务业从业人口密集区域的范围有向高速铁路沿线收缩与向高级网络节点城市收缩的态势,呈现局域的集聚和全域的分散状态。长期而言,生产性服务业有向多核心网络式结构演变的趋势。     

现代服务业集聚的经济效应及其作用机理研究

从经济效应的角度来阐述现代服务业集聚区的形成和发展,并从供求的角度研究了现代服务业集聚区发挥经济效应的作用机制。在中国现在服务业集聚区的形成和发展过程中,要注意发挥集聚区的经济效应,促进现代服务业集聚又快又好地发展。     

产业集聚与城市生态效率动态关系研究

基于2004-2016年285个城市面板数据,运用静态面板、动态面板及面板门槛模型,从整体趋势、时间效应及非线性结构3个方面分析不同产业集聚模式差异与城市生态效率间的动态关系。结果显示,生产性服务业尤其是高端生产性服务的专业化及多样化集聚会在短期抑制生态效率提升,但长期促进作用显著;生产性服务业与制造业协同集聚对生态效率的改进效果相比单一产业集聚更为显著;不同产业集聚模式对生态效率的作用存在门槛效应,两者之间呈现显著倒U型关系,且存在集聚最优值;城市规模对产业集聚与城市生态效率的关系呈负向调节作用。因此,在城市生态经济规划建设中,应加大高端生产性服务业建设投入力度,关注生产性服务业与制造业融合,根据城市基础条件制定相应的产业转移战略,且不可集聚过度,注重发挥产业集聚对城市生态建设的正向促进作用。     

浙江省现代服务业集聚效应与经济互动机理研究

伴随整体经济增长率不断下降的趋势,浙江省服务业产值仍旧保持不低于10%1的增长趋势。其中,信息传输、计算机和软件业、金融业、房地产业、文化体育娱乐业在2004—2012年中年平均增长率不低于16%,表现不菲。因此伴随信息科技的发展,以信息技术为支撑的浙江省现代服务业成为经济发展中一支突出的力量。文章将从集聚的视角深入分析浙江省现代服务业,并研究现代服务业集聚对浙江省经济发展的影响效应,从而更深层的理解和认识现代服务业集聚及其对经济发展的影响效应。     

加快连云港现代服务业集聚区发展的对策思考

现代服务业集聚区是承载和集聚服务业发展的重要载体。建设发展集聚区,获取集群、集聚效应,是加快现代服务业发展的突破口和主抓手。在连云港推进转型升级,实现跨越崛起的进程中,应当更加重视、深入研究、大力推进现代服务业集聚区建设,有力助推现代服务业提档升级、加快发展。     

中国城市服务业集聚测度——兼论服务业集聚与制造业集聚的关系

利用2004年至2010年中国地级城市的服务业就业数据,根据EG指数公式测算了中国城市服务业及其子行业的集聚程度,同时建立固定效应模型实证检验了服务业集聚与制造业集聚的互动关系.研究结果表明:目前服务业仍处于较低的集聚水平,也弱于制造业,但集聚程度呈上升趋势;生产服务业集聚程度高于消费和社会性服务业;经济越发达的区域,服务业集聚程度越低.另外,服务业集聚与制造业集聚之间存在很强的协同关系,服务业总体和多数门类行业集中度的变动与制造业同方向,应充分运用二者的互动机理来促使我国制造业与服务业的共同发展.     

服务业集聚的动态溢出效应研究 ——来自中国261个地级及以上城市的经验证据

本文基于中国2000-2011年261个地级及以上城市的面板数据,利用两步系统GMM方法,实证分析了服务业集聚的动态溢出效应。研究结果表明：第一,服务业集聚显著促进服务业劳动生产率增长,而滞后一期的服务业集聚与服务业生产率之间存在负相关关系,服务业集聚的“拥塞效应”和“集聚效应”会在不同时期达到不同均衡状态。第二,服务业集聚与人均GDP之间交叉相乘项不利于服务业劳动生产率的提升。该结果表明,服务业集聚对生产率影响的积极效应受到经济发展水平的影响。第三,制造业集聚、物质资本、人力资本均有利于服务业劳动生产率提升。另外,本文分区域研究了东、中、西部城市服务业集聚的动态效应,提出了相应的政策措施。     

现代服务集聚区形成和发展的动态机制探讨

近年来,现代服务业发展迅速,并且向大城市及其中心区域集聚,形成了现代服务业集聚区.本文从集聚经济性和集聚不经济性两个角度出发,阐明了现代服务业集聚区形成和发展的机理,说明了现代服务业集聚区正处于一个动态的过程之中.     

基于生产性服务业的产业协同集聚效应研究

将生产性服务业的集聚作用划分为集聚效应和与其他产业的协同集聚效应,利用中国252个城市2005-2012年的面板数据,重点探索基于生产性服务业的产业协同集聚对经济增长和工业利润率提高的作用。结果发现：生产性服务业与制造业的协同集聚效应明显,对于经济增长有正向促进作用;但与其他服务业的协同集聚效应在现阶段经济增长的作用未能显现。针对提升生产性服务业与其他服务业的协同集聚效应,提出推进生产性服务业发展的对策建议。     

以集聚区带动服务业发展——苏州模式的启示与借鉴

集聚是产业演化和发展中的一种普遍现象,作为国民经济重要部分的服务业也呈现出明显的集聚趋势。本文首先研究了服务业集聚问题的必要性,并对服务业集聚的相关文献进行了综述;其次,以江苏苏州为例,通过盘点苏州服务业集聚区的发展情况、集聚效应和制造业的良性互动和发展目标,具体阐述了服务业集聚的机理及效应与影响因素;最后提出以集聚区为载体对我国加快服务业发展的意义。     

John Stuart Mill's Theory Of Justice

John Stuart Mill has traditionally been portrayed as self-contradictory and failing to construct a unified social theory. Recent scholarship, however, has challenged this view, finding Mill's work to be creatively synthetic in bridging the antinomies inherent in liberal democratic thought. This revisionist interpretation of Mill is advanced by an understanding of his theory of justice and its role in shaping his policy positions on issues such as welfare, education, voting rights, property rights, taxation, government intervention, and the future of capitalism.     

A Rich Vein for “Reality Mining”北大核心CSSCISSCI

Arik Hesseldahl In the aftermath of the September 11 attacks, U.S. officials quickly turned their attention to other potential targets, including California's Golden Gate Bridge. What would happen if terrorists took down the bridge between San Francisco and Marin County? How much of the region would be affected and for how long?     

中国养活自己能力的长期预测:技术和政策分析

中国拥有世界五分之一强的人口 ,收入又在迅速增长。因此 ,国际上很自然地会考虑或推测她在今后的几十年是否有能力养活自己。中国的人口预计将从 2 0 0 0年的 1 2 8亿增长到 2 0 2 0年的 1 4 6亿 ,和 2 0 3 0年的 1 4 9亿。与此同时 ,人均收入的增长将导致对家畜和鱼类产品更大的需求 ,因而对饲料的需求也将有很大的增长     

John Stuart Mill's Theories of Wealth and Income Distribution

Although he was much influenced by David Ricardo when he wrote the classical part of his Principles , John Stuart Mill was not a Ricardian when he penned his theories of wealth and distribution. They are based on a triple foundation. First, a belief that economics is a moral discipline. Second a theory of custom-driven human behavior. Third, an empirically formed conviction that the institutions of state, education and business cooperate to structure the distribution of income. On the basis of these presuppositions, Mill formulated 1) an institutional theory of the formation of human and non-human wealth and 2) an even more institutional theory of distribution demonstrating how the aforementioned institutions malignantly skew the distribution of income to the advantage of the propertied classes and to the extreme disadvantage of the working class. As a social economist, Mill recommended institutional reforms designed to eradicate the poverty of the working class.     

Toward a Phylogenetic Reconstruction of Organizational Life

Synopsis Classification is an important activity that facilitates theory development in many academic disciplines. Scholars in fields such as organizational science, management science and economics and have long recognized that classification offers an approach for ordering and understanding the diversity of organizational taxa (groups of one or more similar organizational entities). However, even the most prominent organizational classifications have limited utility, as they tend to be shaped by a specific research bias, inadequate units of analysis and a standard neoclassical economic view that does not naturally accommodate the disequilibrium dynamics of modern competition. The result is a relatively large number of individual and unconnected organizational classifications, which tend to ignore the processes of change responsible for organizational diversity. Collectively they fail to provide any sort of universal system for ordering, compiling and presenting knowledge on organizational diversity. This paper has two purposes. First, it reviews the general status of the major theoretical approaches to biological and organizational classification and compares the methods and resulting classifications derived from each approach. Definitions of key terms and a discussion on the three principal schools of biological classification (evolutionary systematics, phenetics and cladistics) are included in this review. Second, this paper aims to encourage critical thinking and debate about the use of the cladistic classification approach for inferring and representing the historical relationships underpinning organizational diversity. This involves examining the feasibility of applying the logic of common ancestry to populations of organizations. Consequently, this paper is exploratory and preparatory in style, with illustrations and assertions concerning the study and classification of organizational diversity.     

Information infrastructure: Who builds broadband networks?

This paper examines the essential difference between the U.S. and Japan, when one considers information infrastructure. There are seven perception gaps between the U.S. and Japan concerning Information Infrastructure policies. These gaps must be understood in order to compare the countries' governmental policies in this area. In looking at the present circumstances, the essential question to answer concerns who is to build, own and operate the network(s) of the infrastructure. Liberalization is certain to be a central factor in the ongoing telecommunications debates. Now that customers have had a taste of the liberalized market-place, the movement toward more open markets will be difficult to stop. When considering options, it is necessary to pay close attention to standardized network access and the increasingly important role software plays. These issues are causing us to take a new approach to the traditional role played by regulators. They also force a closer look at the appropriate structure of utility companies. This paper addresses the above issues in hopes of stimulating dialog on the new telecommunications infrastructure paradigm.     

海岛地区产业演替及资源基础分析--以舟山群岛为例

改革开放以来,舟山市产业构成发生了显著变化,其经济发展过程可以划分为三个阶段。1992年前,是以产业结构渔业占绝对地位的单一结构阶段;1993—1998年,以旅游业为主的第三产业快速发展阶段;上世纪末以来,又进入了新一轮的经济发展时期,即工业产值比重快速增加阶段。根据海岛的自然资源基础和特点,在新世纪的经济发展过程中,舟山市应定位为生态型的港口旅游城市。以港口及临港工业为主导,以海岛旅游和海洋经济为特色,大力发展第二产业和第三产业。海岛地区的主导产业应体现海岛资源优势及区位优势,以集群性环保型产业为主。同时由于海岛地区淡水资源缺乏,主导产业也应着重选择低耗水型产业。     

风险视角下企业治理结构和研发创新——基于委托代理模型的研究

本文基于委托代理模型,从风险的视角研究企业治理结构对研发创新能力的影响。本文构建了一个包含创新活动的委托代理模型进行理论分析,利用动态DEA 模型测算创新能力,并使用2015-2018年我国上市制造业企业数据进行实证检验。实证部分检验了理论结论:委托代理问题不利于企业提升研发创新能力,且客观风险和主观风险厌恶会加剧该负面影响。基于此,本文认为上市企业应根据企业自身研发活动特点有针对性地改善企业治理结构,提出了适当延长代理人任期、推动股权激励计划、提升代理人的风险承担能力等建议。     

研发过程模型优化——研发过程任意阶段知识运作模型研究

本文拟通过对三个现有研发过程模型的评述,结合其他相关文献的回顾以及当前企业界所能够提供的技术服务,对研发过程模型予以优化,并尝试提出了‘研发过程任意阶段知识运作模型”来探讨“知识在研发过程中究竟是如何运作的”的问题,以期能够为当前的企业界和学术界的研发过程运作模式的完善提供有益参考。