Has China Crowded out Foreign Direct Investment from Its Developing East Asian Neighbors？

This paper applies a gravity model to investigate the determinants of foreign direct investment (FDI) in East Asia. Economic fundamentals, such as market size, per capita income and country risk indicators, economic and cultural ties, exchange rate volatilities and information asymmetry are found to be important determinants for FDI. Globally, the inward FDI among high-income OECD economies declined significantly on average over the period of 1990-2003, whereas the inward FDI of the high-income OECD economies in emerging market economies gained substantially. In the East Asian region, the ASEAN-4 (Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines and Thailand) received above-average inward FDI from the high-income OECD economies after controlling for their economic fundamentals. By contrast, China's FDI from the high-income OECD economies is below average relative to its economic fundamentals. Therefore, it is difficult to establish that China has crowded out FDI from its developing ASEAN neighbors.     

Impact of the US Economic Crisis on East Asian Economies： Production Networks and Triangular Trade through Chinese Mainland

This paper investigates the impact of the 2008 economic crisis on industries in East Asia. It attempts to identify the transmission mechanism and the magnitude of the impact of the crisis on industries in East Asia using the updated Asian international input–output table for 2008. The analyses reveal that the crisis significantly affected industrial output of the nine East Asian economies included in the present study. The economies that are deeply involved in production networks were affected most seriously. Our analyses also show that the impact was transmitted to East Asian industries through triangular trade, in which Chinese mainland imports parts and components from neighboring East Asian economies and then exports final products to the US and EU markets. Although such intricate production networks have improved the competitiveness of East Asian economies, they have also increased vulnerability to external shocks.     

东亚汇率合作的现实选择——基于汇率动态性的考察

从理论上看,东亚地区汇率合作有多种形式可以选择,然而,合作选择受制于双边汇率动态性。本文通过东亚主要国家汇率相关性和锚货币的动态性考察,推导出现阶段东亚汇率合作的方案选择,即从非正式的单独钉住货币篮子入手,逐步过渡到正式的共同钉住区域内外货币组成的混合货币篮子,最终的方向是构建东亚共同的由区域内货币组成的货币篮子或者说亚洲货币单位(ACU)。     

Currency Undervaluation and Economic Rebalancing towards Services： Is China an Exception？

The present study investigates the main determinants of the employment share of the service sector using a panel of 66 countries over the period 1983–2007. Based on alternative measures of currency misalignment, the study extends the literature by investigating the impact of an undervalued currency on services. The empirical findings show that together with productivity and income per capita, currency undervaluation significantly determines the total employment share of services. Another key finding is that conventional crosscountry determinants and the exchange rate undervaluation can only partially explain the underdevelopment of services activity in China and in other South‐East Asian countries. In these countries, policies that aim at rebalancing the economy towards services should include elements to reform the domestic financial market, and the social security and healthcare systems.     

Renminbi＇s Potential to Become a Global Currency

This paper is a tentative endeavor to delineate the potential of the renminbi to become a global currency. It first analyzes the critical economic, financial and policy attributes that are required to support a currency to gain an international role. It then examines whether China has the potential to acquire these attributes. The paper concludes by offering some provisional observations on the implications for Asia and the global economy, should the renminbi evolve into a world currency in the coming decades.     

东亚区域汇率合作:中国视角

本文立足中国视角 ,对当前各种流行的东亚汇率合作方案做出了评价。研究发现 ,由于中国经济基本面的快速变化 ,加上欠发达的国内金融市场 ,钉住一揽子货币、亚洲汇率机制等一系列东亚汇率合作方案不能对当前的人民币汇率制度构成有益的改善。推进东亚汇率合作 ,中国一方面可以通过呼吁日元对美元的稳定实现东亚区域内货币之间的稳定 ,另一方面 ,推进人民币在东亚区域更加广泛的使用是中国参与东亚货币合作的战略目标。     

人民币汇率：坚定地升？或忽悠着升？

本文主要讨论了汇改以来的人民币汇率水平的决定机制,探讨了其中的得失,论证了引入适度浮动机制的必要性和紧迫性。     

最优货币区理论:能否解释东亚货币合作?

本文扼要回顾了最优货币区理论的发展脉络,并从货币一体化理论的角度评述了东亚货币一体化的可能性及存在的主要障碍。本文认为,虽然单一货币离东亚十分遥远,但实现汇率稳定的机制性安排仍是可能的,它将引导东亚向更高的货币一体化阶段迈进。作者提出了一些初步的设想和中国应采取的政策建议。     

汇改重启意味着什么？

从长期来看,基于一篮子货币的人民币汇率将保持稳定,这一政策目标应该不会发生重大变化。需要做出调整的,是众多市场人士观察人民币汇率的基点和视角。     

全球金融不稳定与东亚货币合作

本文分析回顾了近代经济大萧务与东亚金融危机,研究了理论界对2008年全球全融危机中东亚地区应对金融危机的对策,提出在全球金融不稳定形势下东亚金融合作的设想.     

China＇s Exchange Rate and Financial Repression： The Conflicted Emergence of the RMB as an International Currency

Instability in the worm dollar standard, as most recently manifested in the US Federal Reserve＇s near-zero interest rate policy, has caused consternation in emerging markets with naturally higher interest rates. China has been provoked into speeding RMB ＂internationalization ＂; that is, opening up domestic financial markets to reduce its dependence on the US dollar for invoicing trade and making international payments. However, despite rapid percentage growth in offshore financial markets in RMB, the Chinese authorities are essentially trapped into maintaining exchange controls （reinforced by financial repression in domestic interest rates） to avoid an avalanche of foreign capital inflows that would threaten inflation and asset price bubbles by driving nominal interest rates on RMB assets down further. Because a floating （appreciating） exchange rate could attract even more hot money inflows, the People＇s Bank of China should focus on keeping the yuan/dollar rate stable so as to encourage naturally high wage increases to help balance China ＂s international competitiveness. However, further internationalization of the RMB, as with the proposed Shanghai pilot free trade zone, is best deferred until world interest rates rise to more normal levels.     

汇率连续跌停，人民币升值趋势扭转？

在人民币升值的喧嚣声中,人民币汇率出现连续几日触及跌停。人们不免要问：其中原因是什么？这是暂时的现象,还是人民币升值趋势的转折点？人民币存在不存在严重低估？未来人民币汇率政策如何选择,是选择浮动还是盯住一揽子货币？人民币的未来走势又会如何？     

Northeast Asian Community Building： What Needs to Be Done？

I. Introduction People have started to talk about the community building in Northeast Asian region. Whatdoes the term “community building” mean? People all seem to agree that due to the great diversity and the great culture of the Northeast Asian region, a community does not mean a European type regional organization with a central power managing the regional affairs. The aim of the Northeast Asian community building is to create an environment for living together peacefully and for real…     

工资水平、外汇汇率、流通中货币与物价波动间的关系——估计弹性系数具有区间性视角下的协整分析

协整检验得到的研究结论表明:1952年至2011年,工资水平、外汇汇率和流通中货币三者依次均与物价水平正相关;工资水平、外汇汇率和流通中货币三者对物价水平的弹性系数均具有区间性;工资水平每变动1%,物价水平随之变动0.225 07%至0.290 74%,外汇汇率每变动1%,物价水平随之变动0.191 14%至0.255 96%,流通中货币每变动1%,物价水平随之变动0.042 31%至0.072 84%;从工资水平、外汇汇率和流通中货币三者对物价水平影响程度的60年长期视角来看,推动我国物价上涨的主要因素是工资水平和外汇汇率,而流通中货币对我国物价上涨的影响相对较小。     

How China Could Contribute to a Benign Global Rebalancing？

Our study shows that China could contribute to an orderly global rebalancing using a package of policies to stimulate its domestic consumption. These policies include a progressive appreciation of the RMB, fiscal stimulation by increasing expenditure on education, health care, social safety nets and poverty reduction, income policies to reduce inequality and to strengthen wage income, and reforms of the financial system to improve financial efficiency and to mitigate financial constraints. By implementing such policies, China＇ s external surplus could be narrowed and its domestic imbalances improved. The excessively high savings rate could be lowered and the share of household consumption increased, even though GDP growth would moderate slightly.     

汇率能否压住通胀？

[英国《金融时报》3月17日]多数中国老百姓疑惑，既然货币升值，为什么物价升得更快？升值能抑制通胀吗？而升值又能带来什么实惠？也许只有在跨出国门才能感受到，但是对大多数中国人，牵动神经的只是柴、米、油、盐的日常生活。     

货币能否像变形金刚一样合体？

货币一体化的核心就是汇率稳定固定化,公平与稳定的汇率之路走向的是国际经济的繁荣昌茂,它的未来如何我们无法预测,但我们一直走在探索之路上。