产业技术创新战略联盟合作伙伴多目标选择研究

产业技术创新战略联盟（以下简称产业联盟）是一个典型的利益共生体,其合作伙伴选择是产业联盟构建的起始点和成功的关键。在分析理论文献的基础上,探讨了产业联盟合作伙伴选择中共生单元的象参量和质参量,利用AHP多目标决策方法,提出了产业联盟合作伙伴选择的目标体系、评价权重和选择的关键目标因素。     

Policy, Markets and Knowledge: Strategic Synergies in Indian Pharmaceutical Firms

This paper addresses the question of how Indian pharmaceutical firms have transformed themselves from reverse-engineering firms focused on the domestic market to research-driven firms with global presence. It analyses the crucial and changing role of national, then international, innovation and regulatory policies and their impact on growth, performance and technology evolution of Indian pharmaceutical firms. The paper argues that although public policy increased market turbulence, it also provided new opportunities for firms to expand and build new technology, knowledge and market capabilities. From the 1950s Indian firms have pursued a variety of research, marketing and internationalization strategies to tackle changes prompted by policy, markets and knowledge complexities. The paper traces firm strategies that vary both in time and by firm, and argues that the successful firms have evolved substantively towards knowledge-based strategies. The paper then attempts to identify future directions for strategy, knowledge and markets.     

技术创新战略联盟绩效评价研究

随着经济全球化的不断深入,企业已不再是一个孤立的系统,企业间的界限变得越来越模糊,原有的“企业内部研究和创新”的模式已不再适用,企业需要向外部的思想和知识融合开放,使一切创新资源在企业及相关组织间快速流通和共享.技术创新战略联盟正是在这样的全球化背景下应运而生,它为企业、科研机构提供一种机制,使原来互相竞争的企业达成合作,让过去技术占有方(科研机构)和市场主导方(企业)的资源互通.但由于种种原因,目前对技术创新战略联盟绩效的研究尚属空白.因此,本文结合模糊综合评价法与功效系数法,实行定性判断和定量分析的双重方式,构建技术创新战略联盟绩效考核模型.最后通过实例分析,对模型的科学性和可操作性进行了检验.     

战略联盟伙伴搜索、战略柔性与突破性创新的关系研究

战略联盟伙伴搜索打破了搜寻范围与知识结构对企业技术发展轨迹的束缚,是企业赢得竞争优势的重要来源。结合创新搜索理论和资源基础观,构建了战略联盟伙伴搜索、战略柔性与突破性创新的理论模型,研究发现:战略联盟伙伴搜索的不同维度对企业突破性创新均有显著正向影响;战略柔性对企业突破性创新有显著正向影响;战略柔性在战略联盟伙伴搜索和企业突破性创新之间起中介作用。     

基于产业集群的我国科技创新战略研究

产业集群在为科技创新提供良好基础的同时 ,对科技创新有着强烈的需要 ,两者之间有着强烈的互动效果。发展产业集群是科技创新的重要途径。基于产业集群的我国科技创新战略要求以产业集体群为基础 ,建立有效的科技创新平台 ,通过对产业集群中共性技术的大力支持 ,提高产业集群的科技创新能力 ,进而形成强有力的国家科技创新系统。     

Strategic Alliance Networks and Innovation: A Deterministic and Voluntaristic View Combined

Over the past decades we have witnessed a tremendous growth in the number of strategic technology alliances and a growing importance of interfirm collaboration in the high-tech sectors. The literature on these topics has grown accordingly. In this respect, our paper serves two aims. One is to provide an overview of the consensus on key issues in this vast body of literature. Second is to identify some major gaps in this literature that may inform future research. In serving these aims, we first discuss the dominant structuralist perspective that stresses the role of embeddedness, but which also reflects a deterministic stance as if firms are subject to an exogenous structure. In contrast, we also explore a more voluntaristic view of how firms may possibly shape their network in view of achieving their strategic aims. This view also seems better able to capture change and network dynamics, an issue that has been largely ignored by the structuralist view.     

从CRM到客户并购:客户创新源管理发展趋势

在现代大规模定制的生产方式中,企业产品线的改进需要客户的参与。对客户作为创新源进行管理经历了4种方式:客户关系管理、客户参与、客户集成和领先用户集成,它们在客户与企业合作进行产品创新的强度上由弱到强。未来客户创新源管理的发展趋势是客户并购,将外部客户知识转化为内部知识。通过客户并购可以降低与客户进行合作带来的不确定性和开发成本。客户并购适合于那些基于产品平台生产模块化的复杂产品的大企业。     

企业创新战略管理与网络绘制

创新网络的发展，使企业为了实现其创新战略目标，必须广泛寻求合作者，并对外部创新资源进行管理。创新网络绘制是寻求外部资源并对之进行管理的重要工具。对创新网络绘制的特点、方法和内容进行了讨论，并简要介绍了其在创新战略管理中的应用。     

产业技术创新战略联盟的性质、分类与政府支持

产业技术创新战略联盟是合作研发的组织模式之一,承载着产业发展的目标,通过合作研发取得产业共性技术,并在联盟和全行业中扩散,最终实现产业竞争力的提升。产业共性技术的复杂性和准公共品性质、联盟合作创新的困境,决定了政府支持产业技术创新战略联盟的必要性。产业技术创新战略联盟有多种类型,政府应针对不同类型的联盟提供不同的支持。在明确产业技术创新战略联盟的内涵及性质的基础上,按照3个维度对其进行了分类,并借鉴国外经验给出了当前我国政府提供政策支持的建议。     

生命周期视角下产业技术创新战略联盟冲突影响因素演变研究

产业技术创新战略联盟面临的冲突影响因素随着联盟生命周期阶段的演变而发生变化。为明晰这些变化趋势,根据组织生命周期理论,总结了产业技术创新战略联盟生命周期6个阶段,并通过冲突影响因素分析和案例研究发现,随着联盟生命周期演化,联盟目标一致性水平逐步下降;信息沟通和知识共享程度先上升后下降,呈倒U型变化趋势;绩效考核与利益分配合理程度逐步上升。     

战略联盟伙伴选择、知识搜索与联盟创新绩效关系

战略联盟伙伴选择作为联盟形成的源头,既是管理联盟企业关系的关键,又是提升联盟绩效的核心。为从源头剖析联盟创新绩效影响因素,依据资源依赖理论,从战略导向视角出发,以长三角地区战略联盟企业调研数据为实证依据,构建并验证了战略联盟伙伴选择、知识搜索与联盟创新绩效间的理论框架。研究结果表明:①战略联盟伙伴选择的二元导向性（关系导向的联盟伙伴选择与市场导向的联盟伙伴选择）对联盟创新绩效有显著正向影响;②知识搜索（搜索宽度与搜索深度）在战略联盟伙伴选择与联盟创新绩效关系中起部分中介作用。该研究结果有助于厘清战略联盟伙伴选择二元导向性影响联盟创新绩效的作用机理,并为我国企业基于战略整体性选择合适的联盟伙伴提供理论依据与实践指导。     

Mind the Gap: Information and Communication Technologies, Knowledge Activities and Innovation in the Pharmaceutical Industry

The paper explores the specific challenges facing the pharmaceutical industry regarding the exploitation of information and communication technologies (ICTs) in the context of developing new frameworks supporting knowledge activity and the wider innovation process. The paper seeks to provide a framework to view these changes but also highlights gaps in our current conceptualization of the role of ICTs in facilitating and effecting change within the pharmaceutical industry.     

Mind the Gap: Information and Communication Technologies,Knowledge Activities and Innovation in the Pharmaceutical Industry

The paper explores the specific challenges facing the pharmaceutical industry regarding the exploitation of information and communication technologies (ICTs) in the context of developing new frameworks supporting knowledge activity and the wider innovation process. The paper seeks to provide a framework to view these changes but also highlights gaps in our current conceptualization of the role of ICTs in facilitating and effecting change within the pharmaceutical industry.     

行业生命周期、企业生命周期与混合并购绩效的实证研究

以沪深两市发生混合并购的上市公司为对象,分析样本企业所在的行业生命周期与企业生命周期处于不同组合状态时,混合并购绩效的差异,以探寻适合混合并购发生的外在条件与内在时机。首先,将样本企业所在的行业生命周期和企业生命周期分为成长、成熟、衰退三个阶段,据此将样本企业按其所处的"行业-企业"生命周期的不同组合状态分为九组;其次,以独立样本t检验法和多元线性回归法,研究在九种不同组合状态下,样本企业混合并购绩效的差异。本文的结论为:企业处于"行业衰退-企业衰退"生命周期组合状态时,混合并购后绩效得到显著改善;而无论行业生命周期处于何种阶段,成长期企业实施混合并购均不利于绩效改善。     

金融创新、资本配置与企业技术创新

当前,金融创新在企业技术创新过程中的作用日益凸显。金融创新一方面能够为企业技术创新提供更多融资方式和工具;另一方面可通过优化企业资本配置,间接促进企业技术创新。基于内生金融发展理论和内部资本市场有效理论,构建理论分析框架,从微观层面研究金融创新对企业技术创新的影响路径。以2011-2015年343家战略性新兴产业A股上市企业数据为研究样本,实证分析金融创新、资本配置与技术创新之间的关系。结果发现,金融创新能够通过提高企业资本配置效率正向促进战略性新兴产业上市企业技术创新。结论可为战略性新兴产业合理运用金融创新、提升企业资本配置效率进而促进技术创新提供理论参考。     

The Strategic Management of Mergers and Acquisitions in the Pharmaceutical Industry: Developing a Resource-based Perspective

There is a growing recognition within resource-based theory that mergers and acquisitions (M&A) can play an important role as a means of transferring otherwise non-marketable resources and capabilities. However, this resource-based view has yet to consider in detail the management process issues involved. This paper looks at three cases from the pharmaceutical industry and seeks to begin the development of a resource-based perspective on the management of M&A.     

Strategic Pricing, Consumer Search and the Number of Firms

We examine an oligopoly model where some consumers engage in costly non-sequential search to discover prices. There are three distinct price-dispersed equilibria characterized by low, moderate and high search intensity. The effects of an increase in the number of firms on search behaviour, expected prices, price dispersion and welfare are sensitive (i) to the equilibrium consumers' search intensity, and (ii) to the status quo number of firms. For instance, when consumers search with low intensity, an increase in the number of firms reduces search, does not affect expected price, leads to greater price dispersion and reduces welfare. In contrast, when consumers search with high intensity, increased competition results in more search and lower prices when the number of competitors in the market is low to begin with, but in less search and higher prices when the number of competitors is large. Duopoly yields identical expected price and price dispersion but higher welfare than an infinite number of firms.     

The Strategic Management of Mergers and Acquisitions in the Pharmaceutical Industry: Developing a Resource-based Perspective

There is a growing recognition within resource-based theory that mergers and acquisitions (M&A) can play an important role as a means of transferring otherwise non-marketable resources and capabilities. However, this resource-based view has yet to consider in detail the management process issues involved. This paper looks at three cases from the pharmaceutical industry and seeks to begin the development of a resource-based perspective on the management of M&A.     

股权特征、控制权收益与企业并购效率

国有企业与民营企业的代理成本的表现形式是不同的,不同的代理成本造成了两类公司不同的控制权收益,进而影响了并购效率。国有企业主导的并购,管理费用增加较多,降低了并购效率;而民营企业主导的并购,通常伴随着大股东通过关联交易转移资产,也降低了并购效率。为提高我国企业并购的效率,应针对不同类型的公司采取不同的监管策略。     

战略联盟双元性对合作创新绩效的影响：一个有调节的中介效应

双元型组织已成为动态环境下战略管理研究的新范式,然而国内外研究对双元性组织与创新绩效的关系尚未达成一致结论。基于网络理论和双元能力视角,通过采集253份企业问卷,探讨了战略联盟双元性对合作创新绩效的影响,并采用有调节的中介效应模型考察了关系承诺与共同愿景在其中的作用机制。研究表明：①战略联盟双元性对合作创新绩效有显著正向影响,关系承诺在其中起部分中介作用;②关系承诺对合作创新绩效有显著正向影响,共同愿景在其中起调节作用;③共同愿景调节关系承诺对战略联盟双元性与合作创新绩效关系的中介作用。