房价推动型通货膨胀——基于资产价格视角的通胀研究

文献综述 国内不少学者对我国房地产市场与通货膨胀之间的关系进行了研究,但结论不尽相同。王维安等（2005）通过构建房地产均衡市场模型,对我国房地产市场进行了实证研究,发现房地产预期收益率与通货膨胀之间存在稳定的函数关系。毛丰付（2008）考察了房地产价格上升对劳动力成本的影响,认为房地产价格对工资上升产生压力,可能会引发持续性通货膨胀。李秋实（2008）通过选取1998-2007年间相关数据,运用向量自回归和向量误差修正模型进行研究,最后证明,我国房地产价格波动在短期内对通货膨胀的影响十分有限,在长期则对通货膨胀具有较为显著的影响,而且,在房价与通货膨胀之间存在着正反馈作用机制。而黄平等（2005）的研究则认为,我国房地产市场的财富效应微弱,房地产价格的大幅度变化对消费、产出进而对一般价格水平的影响十分有限。经朝明（2006）等通过对1987-2005年房地产市场价格与消费物价指数年度数据进行计量分析后认为,我国房地产价格与通货膨胀之间存在长短期的均衡关系,但是它们之间是负相关的关系,即替代效应大于财富效应,房地产价格的上升会造成一般物价水平的降低。     

我国货币政策调控房地产价格的效果分析

本文通过实证分析2000年第1季度到2006年第1季度我国M2和房地产价格的相互关系,考察货币政策调控房地产价格的效果.结论是:通过吸纳金融市场过多流动性,央行货币政策起到了抑制房地产价格过快上涨的效果,但不能消除房地产过热,防止房地产过热还需综合运用各项政策.     

我国货币政策调控房地产价格的效果分析

本文通过实证分析2000年第1季度到2006年第1季度我国M 2和房地产价格的相互关系,考察货币政策调控房地产价格的效果。结论是:通过吸纳金融市场过多流动性,央行货币政策起到了抑制房地产价格过快上涨的效果,但不能消除房地产过热,防止房地产过热还需综合运用各项政策。     

中国房地产价格与通货膨胀关系研究

本文通过分析房价和物价(CPI)相互影响的直接、间接和预期三个渠道,运用计量方法对房价与物价相互影响作了实证研究。结果显示:在全国层面上,房地产价格与通货膨胀预期互为Granger原因,并且房地产价格领先于CPI;在地方层面上,地方房地产价格均显著地是CPI的Granger原因,房地产市场价格波动对CPI的影响显著且影响时间较长。另外,研究表明通货膨胀预期领先于CPI,并且房地产价格对通货膨胀预期冲击的持续性长于CPI;而通货膨胀预期对房地产价格波动的解释能力高于CPI,这表明中央银行控制通货膨胀预期对于稳定房地产市场和实际通货膨胀具有重要作用。     

我国资产价格波动与通货膨胀关系的理论研究与实证分析

随着次贷危机引发全球性金融危机,学术界对于货币政策是否以及如何对资产价格做出反应的争议再起。本文根据协整分析技术、Granger因果检验方法和误差修正模型,利用1998—2008年中国的季度数据,对资产价格与通货膨胀之间的关系进行了实证研究。实证研究表明：第一,我国资产价格与通货膨胀之间确实存在长期的均衡关系,其中房价变动对通货膨胀的影响大于股价变动对通货膨胀的影响;第二,我国资产价格与通货膨胀之间存在着单向的因果关系,即股票价格与房价上涨是通货膨胀的原因。     

我国货币政策影响房地产价格的实证分析

本文对我国货币政策与房地产价格的关系进行了理论和实证分析,得出了货币政策可以影响房增产价格,利率对房地产价格的影响比货币供应量更为显著,货币政策对房地产价格的影响时滞为2个季度等相关结论.     

中国CPI与房地产价格长期走势相关性研究

自2008年美国金融危机爆发以来,中国房地产价格不断上涨,伴随着高CPI的是房价的一路走高,CPI与房地产价格的长期走势表现出了一致性。因而研究两者之间的相互关系,能够增进对资产价格与物价间关联的理解,有助于有关当局政策的制定与执行,从而维护经济的稳定与房地产市场的良性发展。本文在结合了西方经济学界与国内学者的研究成果的基础上,对房地产价格的长期走势与通货膨胀间的相关性进行了理论研究与实证分析。首先对我国房地产市场现状与通货膨胀的状况进行了概述,并分析了国内外学术界对两者间关系的看法。然后,从理论上分析房地产价格长期走势与CPI之间相互作用的具体机制。继而,选取了2010年6月到2016年9月的相关数据,运用协整检验对其展开实证分析,其结果表明在长期两者间存在正向相关关系。最后,本文将理论分析与实际经济情况相结合,提出了一系列建议。     

人民币汇率变动与房地产价格关系的实证研究

本文利用我国1998年第3季度至2007年第2季度的人民币实际有效汇率和房地产价格的季度数据建立协整模型,使用格兰杰因果检验方法对我国的房地产价格和人民币实际有效汇率的关系进行实证检验。得出结论:人民币有效汇率和房地产价格之间存在正的相关关系,保持人民币汇率小幅升值有利于维持房地产价格的稳定。     

我国货币政策影响房地产价格的实证分析

本文对我国货币政策与房地产价格的关系进行了理论和实证分析,得出了货币政策可以影响房地产价格,利率对房地产价格的影响比货币供应量更为显著,货币政策对房地产价格的影响时滞为2个季度等相关结论。     

资产价格对货币政策目标的影响：实证分析

《中国货币市场》第29期刊登的《资产价格对货币政策目标的影响》一文从定性方面分析了资产价格对货币政策目标的影响，该文续上篇，从定量方面对我国的情况进行了实证分析，实证分析表明，房地产价格的上升与中国通货膨胀紧密相关，而中国房地产价格的大幅波动很大程度上要归因于银行借贷，这需要货币当局的特别关注。对我国货币政策操作的回顾表明，过去十年内我国的货币政策操作取得了一定进步。     

Almanac of anticipations: The age of affluence—of anticipation—of anxiety—of automation—of discontinuity—of longing—of overkill—of space exploration

With this survey of developments in the futures field since 1945, I.F. Clarke completes his present series for Futures. He makes two major points: that forecasting techniques have become essential tools in the management of change; and that nuclear weapons and ecological problems have added a moral dimension to the study of the future. In the next issue of Futures he will start a new series on the range of future-thinking in the USA, from the expectations of the first settlers to the Star Wars programme.     

基金公司经营融资融券业务的问题审视

融资融券业务正式运营已经开展,为证券市场带来了革命性的改革,作为证券市场的一大主体,基金公司面对融资融券也迎来了新的发展方向和挑战,本文从融资融券业务的运行机制入手,分析了基金公司融资融券的新契机,并对其即将面临的问题进行审视和剖析,进而提出策略建议.     

对基层人民银行科技工作的几点建议

银监会分设后,人民银行将专司货币政策、金融稳定、金融服务三大职能。作为人民银行的分支机构,基层人民银行的工作重心也将从金融监管调整到这三大职能上来。人民银行的科技部门,就要积极运用科技手段,为人民银行履行新的职能发挥“服务、支持、促进、发展”的作用。一、围绕三大职能搭建五大平台经过“六五打基础、七五作准备、八五大发展”几个阶段后,人民银行相继实现了核算电算化、清算网络化和办公信息化。特别是近一两年来,陆续开通了大额支付系统、信贷登记咨询系统、会计四集中系统、金融信息服务网站等系统,人民银行信息化水平又…     

The Usefulness of Measures of Consistency of Discretionary Components of Accruals in the Detection of Earnings Management

Abstract:  Prior research has shown the prevalence of measurement error in models used to estimate aggregate discretionary accruals. In these models, the incremental information content of the various components of accruals is ignored. Limited prior research and data gathered from firms under Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) litigation indicate that managers use either one or more than one component of accruals simultaneously, in a consistent way to manipulate bottom-line earnings in a given direction. I propose two measures that capture the consistency between the discretionary components of accruals and test their significance in earnings management (EM) detection in firms that have artificially added accrual manipulation and firms that were targeted by the SEC for accrual manipulation. There is evidence that this information is incrementally useful in detecting EM. This finding paves the way for improvements in the discretionary accruals measure by including consistency information from the components of aggregate accruals.     

社会主义所有制形式的改革、完善与共产党执政能力的提高

在中国,所有制形式的调整、改革与完善,先进生产力的发展,党的执政能力建设,是社会主义建设过程中密切结合在一起的三个不同层面的发展关系.应在相互促进和共同提高中促进社会的和谐发展,保证社会主义现代化建设战略目标的顺利实现.     

Summary of Results of Survey of Seminar Attendees

Abstract

The Society of Actuaries undertook a three-phase research project on mortality improvement in the three NAFTA countries: Canada, Mexico, and the U.S. Phase 1 consisted of a literature review of papers on projecting mortality levels in the future and a study of the trend in mortality improvement during this century. Phase 2 consisted of a discussion of different facets of modeling mortality rates at a seminar attended by 79 experts (actuaries, demographers, economists, and medical researchers) representing different countries. The last session of the seminar consisted of the completion of a survey by the attendees to obtain input for Phase 3, which would analyze the impact of mortality improvement on the social security system of each country. This paper summarizes the results of the survey.

The survey results illustrate the difficulty in forecasting mortality levels, because the effects of many factors that could have significant impact on mortality rates are unknown. This suggests the need for dynamic forecasting, which allows for the possibility of random shocks. A majority of the survey respondents believe that stochastic forecasting models, despite their complexity, have significant potential to add value. Respondents also believe that both historical data and cause-specific mortality forecasts are useful as input and also in validating forecasts of the aggregate levels of mortality. The challenge is to develop more sophisticated forecasting models to produce results that are relatively easy to interpret and to communicate these results to the desired audiences, including the public and policymakers.

The survey results suggest that the aggregate effect of lifestyle changes, medical advances, diseases, catastrophe, and physical environmental changes is an increase in life span. However, there is much uncertainty about the future. Respondents expect that beyond the year 2020 the mean annual rate of reduction in mortality for males age 65 and over will average about 0.58% for Canada, 0.76% for Mexico, and 0.67% for the U.S. The results for the female age 65 and over population are 0.64%, 0.83%, and 0.70%, respectively. The age 65 and over population is expected to see larger percentage reductions in mortality than the 0–14 and 15–64 populations. The reductions in male and female mortality will be ultimately the same, and the mortality levels in the three countries will ultimately converge, although differences may persist for decades.     

Separation of Unit of Account from Medium of Exchange

The separation of a unit of account (UoA) from a medium of exchange (MoE) in the commodity–money system is investigated by considering explicitly a seller's choice of UoA in terms of either an MoE or a unit of metal weight. If the likelihood of debasement of an MoE and its rate are high enough, the price is posted in terms of a unit of metal weight rather than an MoE. Interestingly, this MoE–UoA separated equilibrium yields the flexible nominal price, whereas an MoE–UoA integrated equilibrium yields the sticky one. This implies the nominal price rigidity in the fiat‐money system where MoE and UoA are integrated.     

银行软件项目外包管理分析

一、引言随着国民经济的不断发展,银行业务与外部企业的联系越来越密切。银行正逐步成为现代经济活动的中心,作为数据处理核心的银行业务应用也越来越大型化、越来越复杂化,因此许多银行也把软件项目逐步由原来的自主开发转变为与公司合作的方式,或直接外包开发的方式,银行本身的技术人员也逐步由开发转向项目管理。二、项目外包的分类银行项目的外包有以下几种情况:①部分子系统外包,有时由于银行的软件项目太大,单靠银行自身的开发力量基本无法在预定的时间内完成项目,只好把相对独立的部分外包;②直接购买软件公司的成熟产品,有些金融软…     

银行管理信息平台建设发展的思考

一、目前国内银行IT发展现状及面临的问题 银行数据集中工作的完成,标志着银行的业务由电子化建设阶段转入信息化建设阶段.一方面银行数据的集中提供了丰富全面的基础数据,面对日益庞大的数据源,如何将数字转化为对银行有用的信息,并从中发现知识,为银行的经营决策提供支持,是摆在银行IT人员面前的一个亟待解决的问题.另一方面用户对银行信息的需求日益增长,如果银行没有一套完整、实用的信息管理系统,将对业务发展非常不利.南京爱立信公司倒戈花旗银行事件曾经轰动一时,其中一个重要原因就是中国本地银行不能满足爱立信全球总部对南京爱立信公司的要求:每周财务上报和每天贷款限额管理.这一事件为中国商业银行的未来发展敲响了警钟,如果不加快管理信息系统的开发,迅速提升业务管理水平,类似的事件还会接连不断地发生,并最终导致国内商业银行在同国外商业银行的竞争中全面溃败.     

Properties of time-series estimates of degree of leverage measures

Empirical studies suggest that time-series regression estimates of the degrees of operating and financial leverage have a tendency to produce measures less than one. According to ex ante theory, these measures should be greater than one for firms operating above the breakeven point. There have also been suggestions that the biases in these estimates may be attributable to an underlying increase in unit sales. This work presents evidence that these counter-intuitive measures are produced by changes in the firm's operating parameters (unit price, variable cost, fixed cost and interest payments). It further suggests that attempts to control for the underlying change in unit sales substantially increase the volatility of predicted estimates.