货币信贷结构对宏观经济的机理性影响——兼对“中国货币迷失之谜”的再解释

本文使用机理变化型变结构协整模型实证分析了1996年1月至2013年5月期间货币信贷结构对中国宏观经济的影响。结果表明:货币信贷结构均在特定时点开始对产出和通货膨胀率产生机理性影响;货币结构与信贷期限结构对实际产出分别具有较弱的正向和负向机理性影响,对通货膨胀率均具有一定程度的正向机理性影响,并且货币信贷结构对通货膨胀率的影响程度明显大于货币信贷总量。在此基础上,通过比较分析货币信贷结构与“货币迷失”之间的关系,发现货币结构与信贷期限结构对“中国货币迷失之谜”均具有很强的解释力。政策建议如下:中国人民银行应同时注重货币信贷总量与结构的调控,监测货币信贷结构的变动应成为提高货币政策有效性与制定货币政策的重要参考。     

Covering or monitoring? Independent director connectedness and corporate fraud in China

This paper examines how independent directors’ social capital, as measured by their social network, affects corporate fraud. We find that firms with well-connected independent directors are less likely to commit fraud, supporting our monitoring effect hypothesis. This result is robust to a battery of tests. Further analyses show that the effect is stronger for firms with a relatively poor legal environment, for firms whose independent directors face strong reputation incentives and when independent directors are audit committee members. Moreover, we explore a potential economic mechanism of the effect and observe that well-connected independent directors are associated with less absenteeism and more dissension. Overall, our findings suggest that independent directors’ social capital plays an important role in corporate governance.     

Irish credit unions: Differential regulation based on business model complexity

This study examines the business model complexity of Irish credit unions using a latent class approach to measure structural performance over the period 2002 to 2013. The latent class approach allows the endogenous identification of a multi-class framework for business models based on credit union specific characteristics. The analysis finds a three class system to be appropriate with the multi-class model dependent on three financial viability characteristics. This finding is consistent with the deliberations of the Irish Commission on Credit Unions (2012) which identified complexity and diversity in the business models of Irish credit unions and recommended that such complexity and diversity could not be accommodated within a one size fits all regulatory framework. The analysis also highlights that two of the classes are subject to diseconomies of scale. This may suggest credit unions would benefit from a reduction in scale or perhaps that there is an imbalance in the present change process. Finally, relative performance differences are identified for each class in terms of technical efficiency. This suggests that there is an opportunity for credit unions to improve their performance by using within-class best practice or alternatively by switching to another class.     

基于企业生命周期的开放式创新能力与创新绩效关系研究

利用2007～2012年上市公司数据,考量不同生命周期阶段开放式创新能力对企业创新绩效的影响.结果显示:不同生命周期阶段开放式创新能力对企业创新绩效的作用存在差异,其中,吸收能力在成长期与成熟期对企业创新绩效国有显著正效应,在衰退期对创新绩效具有显著负效应;连接能力在成长期与成熟期对创新绩效具有显著正效应,在衰退期与创新绩效呈正相关,但不显著;解吸能力仅在衰退期对企业创新绩效有显著的积极效应,在成长期与成熟期与创新绩效存在正相关,但不显著.结果表明,目前中国上市公司在创新模式上更注重从外部获得新知识,然后通过自身的吸收能力将新知识内化为企业自身的知识,但来意识到保留知识对于企业未来发展的重要性,对企业解吸能力的提升重视不足.