论超主权国际货币的构建对世界经济的影响

金融危机的不断发生暴露出现行的国际货币体系的诸多弊端和不足,构建超主权国际货币则是国际货币制度改革的方向。汇率的稳定以及国际储备资产价值的稳定对于一国国际经济的发展尤为重要,为此世界各国希望有一种有效的国际储备货币以减轻汇率波动所带来的负面影响,这种国际储备货币便是超主权货币。文章从国际货币体系对国际贸易和国际金融的影响方面进行了探讨,进一步分析了超主权国际货币的构建对世界经济的影响。     

The Governmental Function of International Competition and Cooperation

Administering and servicing national economy is only one side of the governmental function which can be called inner economic function. In the condition of economic globalizafion, the external function of government is more and more important. This kind of function is not only administering foreign trade, but also international competition and cooperation. The government must reinforce its function of international competition and cooperation to strengthen the competitiveness of national economy and gain the benefit of international cooperation.     

浅谈国际保理业务在我国的发展

国际保理,是当今国际贸易中一种重要的结算方式,是一种无追索权的资金融通方式。近20年来,保理业务在世界各国的国际贸易和国内贸易中都得到了广泛运用,随着国际贸易的发展,国际保理在国际结算中占据了越来越重要的地位。     

社会保障基金海外投资分析

本文分析了全国社会保障基金目前的投资运营状况,并通过资产组合理论讨论了海外投资的重要意义;同时研究了12个OECD国家和3个新兴市场国家的养老基金海外投资情况,以及爱尔兰和挪威养老储备基金的案例,并从中借鉴成功做法和有益经验。文章指出,投资于海外资本市场是社保基金分散风险、保证收益的最佳途径,并在最后对海外投资策略提出建议。     

论建立公平的国际经济秩序之正当性

在国际伦理学界,比较通行的五种分配正义观包括绝对平均/平等主义的分配正义观、差别原则的分配正义观、功利主义的分配正义观、应得原则的分配正义观和自由主义分配正义观。这五种分配正义观在政治光谱上大体占据着从左到右的位置,从强调绝对平等到强调相对平等,再到功利和应得,最后是强调自由的权利,它们都不同程度地体现了人类理性,是维护人类共存和谐与发展的基本伦理。这五种分配正义观无论其是否全面,但它们都代表着人类不同利益群体对分配正义的一种认同。对照这五种分配正义观,作者认为,当今国际经济秩序存在着缺损,如平等的缺损、幸福的不足,对应得的扭曲和对历史罪恶的矫正缺失。依据这五种分配正义观,作者认为,不论从任何分配正义观来说,发展中国家提出的改善国际经济秩序公平性的内容在国际伦理学上都具有正当性和合理性,即使从最不注重公平的自由主义分配正义观来看,也是如此。     

A generalized multi-country endogenous growth model

The transitional dynamics of open-economy endogenous growth models are largely unexplored. The present paper fills this gap in the literature. By applying the familiar Travis–Dixit–Norman (Dixit and Norman, Theory of International Trade, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 1980) approach to a general class of growth models, it provides original results on the transitional dynamics of the multi-country open-economy versions of several prominent special cases, including the models of Romer (J Polit Econ, 94:1002–1037, 1986; J Polit Econ 98:S71–S102, 1990), Lucas (J Monet Econ, 22:3–42, 1988), Grossman and Helpman (Innovation and Growth in the Global Economy. MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 1991a, Chaps. 3 and 4; Rev Econ Stud 58:43–61, 1991b), Jones (J Polit Econ, 103:759–784, 1995a), and Segerstrom (Am Econ Rev, 88:1290–1310, 1998). This approach also shows that, in the class of models considered, the question of whether or not international economic integration accelerates growth in the long run is equivalent to the question of whether or not scale effects prevail.      

Financial Market Volatility and International Reserve Holding Behaviour: A Case Study for Korea,Indonesia, the Philippines,and Thailand

Abstract

The effects of financial market volatility on the international reserve holding behaviour of four Asian countries that experienced the financial crisis in 1997—Korea, Indonesia, the Philippines, and Thailand are investigated. The financial market volatility is modelled and the effect on reserve dynamics, reserve accumulation, and reserve volatility is estimated. Estimations are taken for two periods—pre- and post-crisis—and the structural break test is performed to examine the change in the effects on reserve holding behaviour. The empirical results, in general, support the evidence for the structural change in the effects on reserve holding behaviour after the crisis. This would be one of the evidences of the precautionary motive for reserve holdings after the crisis.     

关于医院建立管理会计制度的思考

本文分别从会计法律法规体系、会计教育、注册会计师制度等方面论述了中国会计在国际化进程中所作的努力及与国际会计惯例、准则等的融合与协调过程 ,并就中国会计在未来国际化进程中应注意的问题提出了自己的看法。     

国际议程设置:一种初步分析框架

作者系统梳理了新闻传播学、政治学及国际政治学的相关议程设置理论,在此基础上提出国际议程设置的理论框架,指出国际议程设置是相关行为体通过议题选择与界定、冲突拓展与利益动员以及议程切入点的选择,最终将其关注的议题列入国际议程的过程。在这一过程中,不仅传统的国家行为体是重要的参与者,而且非国家行为体——例如媒体、专家群体、倡议团体乃至个人——都是重要的参与者。如果议题发起者能够成功吸引足够多的参与者,建立起立体式的议题联盟网络,那么其成功设置国际议程的可能性将大大增强。国际议程设置是国际权力博弈的第二张面孔,它决定了什么议题可以进入国际议程,什么议题被排除在国际议程之外。     

国际分割生产的发展与我国的外资、外贸政策导向

国际分割生产成为国际分工的一种重要现象,我国参与的程度越来越高。国际分割生产有利于我国产业结构的提升、区域经济的协调发展和"走出去"战略的实施,我国的外资和外贸政策应当充分利用国际分割生产的这一特点。     

上海国际贸易中心与国际航运中心建设互动关系实证研究

现有研究定性地认为,上海国际贸易中心与国际航运中心互为前提、相互影响,但是鲜有定量研究。本文为弥补这一缺憾,以上海市20世纪90年代以来的经济数据为基础,从国际贸易中心建设的必备条件入手,运用协整检验、VEC模型和Granger因果检验方法考察上海国际贸易中心和国际航运中心建设之间的互动关系。研究表明,国际贸易中心建设的必备条件,如经济实力、国际航运条件、科技水平、金融服务体系和政策法规环境等与其存在长期影响。同时,无论是在长期内还是短期内,上海国际航运中心建设对国际贸易中心建设都有着显著的促进作用,而且短期影响力超过长期影响。经Granger检验发现,国际航运中心与国际贸易中心建设之间存在双向因果关系,这一发现同样适用于国际金融中心和国际贸易中心建设之间的关系,从而定量地验证了三个中心相互依赖的不可分割关系。     

Competitiveness of China's Manufacturing Industry and its Impacts on the Neighbouring Countries

This paper investigates the rapid growth of China's share in the international commodity market and the structural changes of China's commodity exports. It demonstrates a significant improvement of international competitiveness in China's manufacturing sector. The panel data analysis, based on a Solow–Swan type growth model on China's 37 manufacturing industries from 1991 to 2002, reveals that the main sources of the strengthened competitiveness of China's manufacturing sector have been mainly from Total Factor Productivity (TFP), while labour productivity has been increasing and capital productivity has been falling. A preliminary empirical analysis on the impacts of China's increasing competitiveness finds that there are negative correlations between China and most of its neighbouring countries, both newly industrialised economies and other Southeast Asian developing economies. However, there is no evidence of negative impacts of China's increasing competitiveness on developed countries such as the United States and Japan.     

国际公共产品中集体行动困境的克服

关于国际合作的现有研究通常不对公共产品与私人产品进行具体区分,从而忽略了国际公共产品的特性对国际合作的影响。作者从国际公共产品消费的非排他性和非竞争性等主要特性出发,建立并运用博弈模型分析了国际合作的主要障碍及其可能的解决方式。公共产品如果不具有完全的消费的非排他性或非竞争性,那么排他性的消费机制和成本分担机制就有可能建立,使国际合作成为可能。国家可以局部而渐进地克服集体行动的障碍,使得公共产品在较高水平上得到提供。这一过程形成了公共产品领域在国际合作上的特殊路径,即从不平衡到逐渐平衡,从小范围合作到广泛合作。这种非平衡性和层叠性同时也受到国家间关系、现存国际机制和国家之间在其他议题上的合作程度等因素的影响。以非排他性和非竞争性程度为考察对象,作者建立了分析国际合作可能性和路径特征的简明框架,为解释公共产品领域内的国际合作提供了新的研究视野。     

Creativity and Innovation as Strategic Resources in International Business Markets

This study focuses on Medium-Sized Multinationals （MSMs） that belong to the sectors of mechanics and electronics, and that operate in dynamic international business markets. This work aims to investigate how international marketing strategies are based and maybe in some cases actually heavily dependent on the capacity to form and enhance skills in design, engineering, and production activities, and on the propensity to invest more resources in research and development （R＆D） activities as well as in activities that are more strictly speaking production based （manufacturing）. Undoubtedly, in a global and dynamic business, creative knowledge is one of the key resources that firms must possess in order to take up international strategies successfully. Creativity and innovation are strategic resources for all firms, including those of a medium size and even more for those that belong to the so-called ＂traditional sectors＂. This study also has the objective of examining the influence of the structure and composition of a technological MSMs international alliance portfolio in order to understand which forms of international collaboration are more opportunities for firms that aspire to increasing their know-how and taking up new and more sophisticated forms of exploratory innovation. The present work highlights the results of an empirical research that were carried out during the years 2000-2009. The research involved more than 80 firms of the mechanical and electronics department in the Marche region in Italy.     

生产分割、周期协同与主要贸易伙伴的关联:1995～2008年

利用中国与17个主要贸易伙伴国1995～2008年的投入产出表和分行业双边进出口贸易数据,测算不同时期的双边生产分割程度。然后基于动态面板数据模型,综合分析了影响国际经济周期协同的决定性因素。研究发现,贸易在影响中国与主要贸易伙伴国的国际经济周期协同中存在两种不同方向的作用机制:以双边生产分割程度度量的互补品贸易对经济周期协同存在正向影响,而以双边贸易强度指标度量的替代品贸易对经济周期协同存在负向影响。同时研究还表明,双边金融整合程度对国际经济周期协同有正向影响,而产业结构相似性对国际经济周期协同的影响并不显著。     

Rules,discretion, and international monetary and fiscal policy coordination

This paper considers the implications of international policy coordination when both monetary and fiscal policy choices are endogenous. We show that a movement from insular monetary commitment to international monetary policy coordination will, if fiscal policies are not coordinated, produce higher output and public expenditure levels at the expense of higher inflation rates. We also show that the concurrent coordination of monetary and fiscal policies raises output and inflation while lowering public expenditure relative to a regime of monetary coordination alone. We conclude that the arguments for concurrent monetary and fiscal policy coordination fail to have a clear-cut theoretical basis.     

国际企业家精神对国际化知识获取的作用机制及影响因素研究

文章基于学习理论及知识创造模型,探讨国际企业家精神对获取国际化知识的作用机制以及影响因素。文章假设国际企业家精神能提高企业国际化知识的获取,并且受到有机式组织结构以及企业网络关系强度的调节。基于对219个我回国际化企业实证研究,发现有机式组织结构正向调节国际企业家精神与国际化知识获取,与假设相反,组织的网络关系会减弱国际企业家精神的有效性。     

国际关系与国际法跨学科研究之路径

从本源看,国际关系与国际法关系紧密;从学科发展史看,国际关系理论与国际法学相辅相成。正由此,在两个学科的联结被割裂近半个世纪后,跨学科研究又在西方蓬勃兴起,甚至号称一个国际关系与国际法学派正在形成。相比之下,中国的相关研究刚刚起步,《当代国际法的发展:一种从国际关系理论视角的分析》一书正是起步阶段的一部探索性之作。该书是从国际关系理论的视角,对当代国际法与国际组织的实践进行的一种跨学科分析,试图为当代国际法的实践提供另一种途径的理论诠释。无疑,国际关系与国际法的跨学科研究必须克服很多困难,包括跨学科研究的难度、学科内的偏见以及学科之间的隔阂等。不过,正是由于跨学科研究本身能够给两个学科的进步带来的诱人前景,决定了其是一种具有强大生命力的研究路径,并将成为学科发展的必然趋势之一。     

国际贸易摩擦发生的理论诠释

伴随着国际贸易的增长,各国之间的贸易摩擦比以往有了明显的增加,并出现了许多新的特点。无论何种摩擦形式,其基本的理论根源就在于国际贸易利益的存在及其各国对贸易利益最大化的追求。当一国为了追求本国的贸易利益最大化,采取"以邻为壑"的贸易保护政策措施,或者一国采取的措施有悖于国际贸易的趋势框架时,国际贸易的摩擦则不可避免。各国应尽可能减少国际贸易摩擦的发生,合理规避国际贸易摩擦的风险。