对信用制度在中国金融市场发展中基础地位的探讨

信用制度的建立是金融市场发辰的基础,金融市场同时又作用于信用制度,促进其不断发展与完善．中国金融市场正处于快迷发展阶段 急需社会信用制度的支持．因此,信用是金融市场产生发展的基础,金融市场促进信用和信用制度的发展．     

企业财务信用缺失及其治理

我国企业中普遍存在着财务信用问题。企业财务信用产生的原因既有企业自身造成的,社会环境存在的缺陷造成的,又有法律及信用管理滞后造成的。本文认为,治理企业财务信用危机,提高企业信用水准,需要通过完善法制,强化全社会的道德意识,树立新型的企业经营理念,建立和加强企业内部财务信用管理,构建和逐步完善起我国财务信用管理系统,并形成有效的财务信用管理机制,从根本上治理和消除财务信用缺失,使市场经济健康有序地运行。     

热钱流出对中国金融安全的影响及防范

我国热钱流出的速度之快出人意料。热钱的快速流出,必然会存在金融风险的隐患,金融风险的累积又会对我国金融安全构成威胁,从而削弱我国经济发展的后劲。因此我们必须不断完善金融体系,适度进行金融改革,建立资本流动监测和预警机制系统,加大反洗钱工作的力度,加强对外资企业的外汇流向监管。     

上市公司财务信用评价指标体系的研究

上市公司财务信用危机对证券市场造成了极为恶劣的负面影响,从经济学角度分析上市公司财务信用评价的供给与需求关系,成为财务信用评价指标体系的设计思想基础,为此设计具体评价指标及评价方法和评价等级,并通过实证分析进行检验证明其科学性。     

Correcting Inflation with Financial Dynamic Fundamentals: Which Adjustments Matter in Africa?

This article assesses the adjustment of inflation with financial dynamic fundamentals of money (financial depth), credit (financial activity), and efficiency. Three main findings are established: (a) there are significant long-run relationships between inflation and the fundamentals; (b) the error correction mechanism is stable in all specifications but in case of any disequilibrium, only financial depth is significant in adjusting inflation to the long-run relationship; and (c) in the long-run, short-term adjustments in the ability of banks to transform money into credit do not matter in correcting inflation. This is most probably due to surplus liquidity issues. Policy implications are discussed.     

黑龙江省金融发展滞后的原因分析

实践证明,一国(地区)的经济发展水平和国际竞争力与其金融发展是密切相关的,金融体系越健全,金融工具越丰富,金融服务效率越高,金融资产越充裕,其经济发展水平和国际竞争力就越高。黑龙江省的经济发展同样离不开本地区金融的发展,离不开强大的金融支持。然而,与发达地区相比,黑龙江省金融发展呈现出弱势,各种迹象表明其金融发展已经滞后于经济发展,其原因在于政府和金融部门管理者思想认识保守,管理工作不到位,缺乏金融理论研究的支持、金融发展的技术支撑以及制度环境体系不健全     

对我国信贷配给双重性的探讨

在对金融抑制理论和金融约束理论的简要回顾的基础上 ,了解了信贷配给的形成及西方经济学家对此研究的现状 ,通过对中国金融市场上存在的信贷配给现象的考察 ,使中国信贷配给的双重性有了进一步地说明和解释     

地方政府财政支出对中国通货膨胀的冲击效应研究——基于凯恩斯 AD - AS 视角

基于国家干预的凯恩斯 AD - AS 视角,主要对财政货币政策与通货膨胀之间的关系进行研究,并采用 1952—2010 年中国宏观经济数据进行实证分析,结果表明: ( 1) 长期内,地方财政支出的扩张是导致通货膨胀的关键性因素; 而中央财政支出的扩张却有利于控制通货膨胀; 不同层次的货币供应量对通货膨胀的冲击则并不显著; 除此之外,通货膨胀还受到消费者预期、人民币汇率、职工工资水平和原材料购进价格的正向影响。(2) 短期内,无论是中央抑或是地方财政支出都能对通货膨胀产生负向的冲击作用; 然而,货币供应量( M0、M1、M2) 却对通货膨胀起到了明显的助推作用,且 M0与通货膨胀具有双向的 Granger 因果关系。( 3) 新时期,财政货币当局不仅需要高度关注高通胀惯性对政策效果的影响,尤其应注重财政货币政策的多重目标分解、梳理及协调配合,而且要处理好反通胀、保增长、调结构之间困难而复杂的关系,寻求三者之间的有效"平衡点"。     

Financial literacy in the digital age—A research agenda

Digital innovations are transforming financial services and resulting changes in consumer behavior and personal money management. Diffusion of pervasive digital technologies offers individuals quick and easy access to various digital services bringing opportunities and challenges into their personal money management. The study aimed to explore how digitalization affects individuals' financial literacy and financial capability. As a result, we identified three main themes in the intersection of finance and digitalization: Fintech, Financial behavior in digital environments, and Behavioral interventions. We propose directions for measuring digital financial literacy, updates to the financial literacy curriculum, and developments of digital learning tools. Further, we highlight collaboration between the public and private sectors to create a fairer and more inclusive economic landscape. Our study contributes to existing research by proposing a framework for digital financial literacy and financial capability and a research agenda for future studies.     

Consumer bankruptcy in Utah (USA): who files and why?

This study examined consumer debtors who filed for bankruptcy and their reasons for filing in Utah, the U.S. state that ranked first in household filing rate in 2002–2004 and consistently ranks in the top ten of the 50 states. The purpose of the study was to determine the demographic characteristics of debtors and reasons for filing. Data were collected during 2004–2005 via survey from 508 debtors. The debtors reported employment problems, medical expenses, divorce or other family problems, as well as trouble managing their finances and overuse of credit cards. More than half of the debtors owed medical providers. Debtors were more likely to report a reduction in income than job loss. Self‐employed persons were over represented. Respondent debtors are less educated, less likely to be married and less likely to own a home compared with Utahns and other Americans. Contrary to expectations, debtor households were smaller than the state average, which may be due to the young age of debtors. Results suggest that in order to reduce the bankruptcy rate in Utah, consumer educators should target renters, adults with less than a college education, divorcing persons and small business owners. Utah's mandate for a personal finance graduation requirement should be implemented early in the secondary school curriculum.     

Quebec young adults’ use of and knowledge of credit

This research aimed to study young adults’ use of and knowledge of credit. A large representative sample of Quebec young adults aged 18–29 years participated in a telephone survey. Results reveal that their use of credit has increased remarkably over the last decade. The mean score on the credit knowledge scale used in this study is 49.4% for the entire group. Ordinary least squares (OLS) regression analysis show that credit knowledge is positively related to personal income, number of debts, amount of total debt, number of credit cards and favourable attitude towards credit and debts. Young adults reporting either personal experience or family and relatives as their main source of learning about personal finances were found to have a lower level of knowledge about credit in general than those reporting having learned of this subject from courses, the media or financial counsellors. The learning of basic knowledge about credit and personal finances, with stress on the sensible use of credit, should be part of the educational agenda for young consumers.     

热钱与金融稳定

热钱总是偏爱快速经济增长的新兴市场国家。我国自然是热钱流入的热土。热钱的流入必然导致国内资产价格的大幅度波动,造成金融市场的不稳定。为此,短期内加强对资本流动的监管,有效地阻止热钱的流入,长期内建立金融稳定监控和预警系统。     

“非中介化”、农户货币偏好与农户信用重建研究

本文对农村金融中的常态“非中介化”和农户货币偏好规律进行了探讨,揭示伴随农户借贷行为而产生农户融资渠道的转变和货币偏好,这两种经济现象背后的实质是信用的核心———普适性信任在发生作用,提出通过建立农户贷款担保基金和强化农村合作经济组织建设,以重构农户信用。同时,通过完善农村信用社的经营机制和产权结构,优化对农户信用缺失约束的外部环境,以增强双方的信任度,从而达到消除农村金融中的常态“非中介化”等对农户收入增长的不利因素。     

‘Credit Constraints and Determinants of the Cost of Capital in Vietnamese Manufacturing’

This paper examines the extent to which borrowing constraints restrict firm access to credit and identifies individual, firm, and loan characteristics, which determine the cost of capital in Vietnamese manufacturing. Using direct information from a Vietnamese enterprise survey the paper shows that between 14 and 25% of the enterprises are credit constrained, and these enterprises would increase their debt holdings by between 40 and 115% if borrowing constraints were relaxed. Moreover, it emerges that informal credit markets play an important role for fast growing firms. Enterprises do not appear to have the necessary time to go through the many administrative difficulties in the formal credit system if they want to “seize the day”. Finally, collateralized loans face larger interest rates, explained by the significant influence of “policy lending” in Vietnamese credit markets.     

中国货币市场基金发展与利率市场化：基于美国的经验

美国货币市场基金发展与利率市场化改革推进是相辅相成的。货币市场基金的出现分流了银行存款,促使美联储启动存款利率市场化改革;改革进程中通胀高企、银行产品创新滞后等因素为货币市场基金提供了发展空间。货币市场基金的兴起对美国金融结构及各部分资产负债表产生深远影响,存款机构投资风险偏好提升,居民、企业部门资产配置改变。中国货币市场基金与利率市场化正在形成积极有效互动,出现“小额先行、加速推进”的独特路径,推动商业银行与金融市场的变革和创新。