Modelling Professional Sports Leagues: An Industrial Organization Approach

This paper outlines a simple model of professional sports contests that can provide a number of useful insights into the operations of professional sports leagues. The model incorporates a concern for competitive balance on the part of fans and has the advantage that a number of league market structures can be analyzed using standard industrial organization techniques. The model can also be used to determine the effect of a number of league rules including revenue sharing, payroll caps, and luxury taxes on the respective demands for talented players. In addition, it can be shown that the model of professional sports contests developed here has a useful parallel with a standard model of differentiated products.      

Theory of the Perfect Game: Competitive Balance in Monopoly Sports Leagues

Based on the limiting assumption that sports owners are profit maximizers the invariance proposition holds that revenue sharing has no impact on competitive balance in sports leagues. If owners are win-maximizing sportsmen instead, then revenue sharing can lead to increased competitive balance and higher payrolls. Evidence of the sportsman effect is provided by erosion of monopsonistic exploitation in the four major American sports leagues where players now share about 60% of revenues. Monopsony power erosion forces sports-league cartels to exploit statutory monopoly power in monster deals for media rights fees and public venue subsidies. New evidence on competitive balance suggests that revenue sharing leads to increased balance with or without team salary caps. Optimum competitive balance is an empirical question, and the answer lies between random competition of the NFL and deterministic dynasties of the NBA.      

The Increasing Competitive Balance in Major League Baseball

This paper explores the changing competitive balance in Major League Baseball through the relative-entropy measure of information theory. It is shown that while competitive balance in both leagues has been on an upward path during the 20th century, the path has had numerous detours that resulted from some on-the-field and some off-the-field changes that Major League Baseball has undergone during the past 75 years. The most important detours occurred in the wake of the Black Sox scandal of 1919, Jackie Robinson's breaking the color barrier and the concurrent spread of television and erosion of the minor leagues, franchise moves and major league expansion, and free agency.     

用加重方法完全平衡平面机构惯性力的条件

在平面杆机构的设计中 ,惯性力的平衡是经常遇到的问题。本文经推导给出了用加重法完全平衡平面杆机构惯性力的条件     

Competitive behavior in the European mobile telecommunications industry: Pioneers vs. followers

This paper studies the relationship between competitive strategy and improvement in the competitive position of pioneers and followers in the mobile telecommunications industry. The analysis uses a panel of data comprising all the actions of European firms operating in the digital mobile telecommunications industry with GSM 900 and/or DCS 1800 networks. The results show that competitors gain market share when they follow competitive strategies that are different from those of other firms. The paper also finds that price reduction actions represent the best approach for followers, while differentiation actions are the most effective strategy for pioneers.     

中国区域建筑产业竞争力ANP评价模型指标选择与实证研究

将指标综合选择方法引入建筑产业评价领域,利用聚类分析、主成分分析、相关性分析等分析方法,定量化地选定了12个观测指标,从资源要素、产业外部环境、产业内生能力3个方面提出区域建筑产业竞争力评价指标体系.针对该评价指标体系本身非递阶层次结构特点,利用网络分析法(ANP)建立了中国区域建筑产业竞争力评价模型,对全国31个省、市、自治区建筑产业竞争力进行了具体测定与排序.计算结果表明:建筑产业竞争力存在着明显的地域差异,东部和沿海地区表现明显优于西部和中部地区.     

关于构建我国银行危机预警指标体系的思考

银行危机预警指标体系是我国银行危机预警体系中的重要组成部分。结合国内外的一些研究成果,认为银行危机预警属于宏观与微观相结合的研究范畴,所以在构建预警指标体系时综合考虑外部环境对银行业的影响和冲击以及银行业自身运营状况两个方面,选取8个宏观经济指标和5个大类、13个分类银行体系自身指标构建起我国银行危机预警指标体系。     

基于信息化的棉纺织企业绩效评价指标体系的构建

本文针对棉纺织企业国际国内市场萎缩的现状,在分析棉纺织企业绩效评价指标体系研究历程的基础上,结合棉纺织企业的特点及信息化下绩效构建原则,从企业研发、生产、营销、服务、基础设施、人力资源、物流这7个方面出发,构建出棉纺织企业基于信息化下绩效评价指标体系。这为棉纺织企业采取相应的措施来促进信息化对企业绩效的提升提供了指导。     

利润区指数模型:企业利润区定量分析范式

本文基于过程管理的研究思路,提出企业运营的内因势能和弹性势能概念,并根据企业运营过程中的势能状况来界定企业的利润区,选定关键环节的具体评价指标体系,建立了企业利润区指数模型,并采用超越对数方法对指数模型的具体函数形式进行逼近,最后利用上市公司生产经营的真实数据进行实证研究。结果进一步印证了利润区指数模型用于企业利润区定量分析的合理性。本文给出了一种企业利润区分析的定量研究新范式。     

节点分控法提高采油厂生产运行效率

分析了影响采油厂生产运行效率的主要因素,介绍了中原油田采油一厂推行的“节点分控法”,即：制定有效的生产运行效率量化指标,打造独具特色的节点分控网络,探索出生产运行由定性化考评向定量化考评转变的创新管理模式。为提高采油厂的生产运行效率提供了有益的参考。     

京津冀都市圈人口变动与城市化的空间发展态势--基于ROXY指数分析

本文以都市圈为空间地域单元,以全国人口普查数据为基础,综合运用多种计量方法系统分析京津冀都市圈人口变动与空间分布特征,并构建ROXY指数方法,探讨京津冀都市圈整体人口变动态势及核心城市北京、天津的城市化发展阶段及空间演化路径。研究表明,目前京津冀都市圈人口变动呈加速态势,城镇体系呈“双核”格局,各区域人口贡献度差异悬殊,人口空间分布不均等,人口城市化度稳步提升;京津冀都市圈总体上处于人口向空间分散的趋势变动,人口郊区化特征逐渐显现;北京和天津分别处于人口郊区化向逆城市化的过度阶段及人口城市化向郊区化的过渡阶段,都市圈的核心城市人口城市化演进更加迅速和成熟。     

2020年全国煤、电、运综合平衡初步判断及煤炭运输能力对华东电力发展的制约分析

根据对2020年全国电力需求水平的总体判断,结合对全国煤炭生产和铁路运输规划的分析,对2020年全国煤电运综合平衡情况进行了综合分析和判断,并重点分析了煤炭运输能力可能对华东地区电力建设所产生的制约和影响。