创业强度理论综述与研究展望

本文在对创业强度的概念、维度进行理论回顾的基础之上,对创业强度的度量和影响因素进行了总结.从当前的研究看,创业强度的度量大多是对企业价值观和高层决策在创新、承担风险和超前行为方面的程度进行测量;公司创业强度的影响因素可概括为环境因素、组织因素和个体因素3个方面.最后对创业强度和企业绩效关系进行了讨论,并在此基础上提出了未来的研究方向.     

创业团队异质性对创业绩效的影响研究——以组织气氛为中介变量

在相关文献的基础上,探讨了创业团队异质性、组织气氛、创业绩效3者之间的关系,建立了创业团队异质性对创业绩效影响的概念模型,提出已有研究的局限及对未来研究的展望。     

企业集群环境下的公司创业研究——网络资源与创业导向对集群企业绩效的影响

环境复杂性和动态性的加强,导致更多的企业采取公司创业战略以获取持续竞争优势。然而,大多数研究忽视了网络资源对公司创业日趋重要的影响．尤其在企业集群环境下,仅从组织内部因素和产业环境因素难以解释公司创业的前因后果。基于网络视角,本文首先对公司创业的三种资源获取方式进行比较。认为网络资源是公司创业活动受益于企业集群的内在原因;进而对网络资源、创业导向与集群企业绩效的关系进行探索性研究;最后对浙江省集群企业的实证研究表明：创业导向、网络资源均与企业绩效有显著正相关性．网络资源显著提高了创业导向对企业绩效的贡献。     

科技创业者创业动机与新创企业绩效的关系研究

创新创业过程中离不开创业动机的开发和创业机会的识别。本文从创新创业的视角出发, 探讨了创新创业过程中不同维度的科技创业者的创业动机和创业机会识别对新创企业绩效的影响和作用机制, 并对 282家科技新创企业的样本数据进行了实证检验。研究结果表明： 创业者创业动机中机会型动机和成就型动机对新创企业绩效具有显著正向影响, 而生存型动机对绩效的影响则不显著, 但是３ 个维度的创业动机均对创业机会识别具有积极作用; 创业机会识别完全中介了创业者创业动机与新创企业绩效之间的正向关系; 创业能力可以在创业机会识别与新创企业绩效间起正向调节作用, 创业能力越高, 创业机会识别对新创企业绩效的积极影响就会越大。研究结论对致力于取得较高创业绩效的创业者具有一定实践启示。     

企业集群环境下的公司创业研究——网络资源与创业导向对集群企业绩效的影响

环境复杂性和动态性的加强,导致更多的企业采取公司创业战略以获取持续竞争优势。然而,大多数研究忽视了网络资源对公司创业日趋重要的影响,尤其在企业集群环境下,仅从组织内部因素和产业环境因素难以解释公司创业的前因后果。基于网络视角,本文首先对公司创业的三种资源获取方式进行比较,认为网络资源是公司创业活动受益于企业集群的内在原因;进而对网络资源、创业导向与集群企业绩效的关系进行探索性研究;最后对浙江省集群企业的实证研究表明:创业导向、网络资源均与企业绩效有显著正相关性,网络资源显著提高了创业导向对企业绩效的贡献。     

影响创业融资因素的实证分析

随着就业竞争的加剧,创业成为就业的一个重要补充.同时创业也成为当今经济增长的重要驱动力.本文通过现场问卷的实证研究方法,运用方差分析来研究影响创业融资的因素,解释了微观因素是怎么样去影响创业融资的.在此基础上,为创业者提供创业理论和创业指导.同时,也提醒创业者在创业过程中应该注意分析各种环境对创业项目的影响.     

高管薪酬激励、创业战略导向与创业型企业成长性关系研究

本文基于2012～2014年创业板上市公司的非平衡面板数据,研究了高管薪酬激励与创业型企业成长性之间的关系,探讨了创业战略导向作为企业内部的增长战略倾向对上述关系的调节作用。研究结果表明：高管货币薪酬、权益薪酬、薪酬差距与创业型企业成长显著正相关;创业战略导向会负向调节高管货币薪酬与创业型企业成长性之间的关系、正向调节权益薪酬与创业型企业成长性之间的关系,而对薪酬差距与创业型企业成长之间关系的调节作用未得到验证。     

淮安市大学生创业环境评价与研究

创业环境是指与创业活动相关联的因素的集合,包括宏观环境(行业环境)和微观环境(营销环境)。创业活动的难易程度、活跃程度在很大程度上受到本地区创业环境的影响,本文基于国际上通用的GEM理论模型,从金融支持、政府政策、政府项目支持、创业教育与培训、研究与开发转移、商业环境、市场开放程度、有形基础设施、文化与社会规范等9个方面对淮安市的创业环境进行综合评价、研究,以分析淮安创业环境存在的问题,进而提出优化淮安创业环境的对策与建议。     

基于维度视角的环境特性与创业活动关系研究

作为外生变量的创业环境对创业过程起着不可忽视的作用,随着创业环境研究的深入和发展,学者们开始关注环境特性与创业活动之间的关系研究.在综述相关研究的基础上,本文探讨了创业环境概念的界定、创业环境特性划分研究,并从维度的视角分析创业环境特性对创业活动产生的影响,以期为我国创业研究提供借鉴.     

基于CiteSpace的我国返乡大学生创业研究现状与趋势分析

“全面推进乡村振兴,人才队伍是关键”,返乡大学生创业推动乡村人才建设,赋能乡村振兴目标实现。对现有返乡大学生创业领域研究现状分析探讨,以期为后续的研究提供重要方法思路与借鉴参考。以中国知网（CNKI）期刊数据为样本来源,使用CiteSpace软件对我国返乡大学生创业领域进行可视化分析,共获得609篇文献,其中核心期刊（以CSSCI为例）上发表的文章数量为29篇,当前研究主要围绕大学生、乡村振兴、返乡创业、影响因素、返乡、创新创业、对策与困境等热点领域展开,目前发展情况划分为两个发展阶段：缓慢萌芽期（2009-2017年）、爆发增长期（2018-2023年）。我国返乡大学生创业领域目前发文量较少,作者、机构之间的合作较为分散,需要注入多元学科与研究方法的新鲜血液。关注热点与突变词等前沿内容,探究返乡大学生创业影响因素,从问题视角入手,提出符合现实语境下的对策方法是未来研究的主要趋势。     

Divergent patterns of engagement in Internet standardization: Japan,Korea and China

This article analyzes the engagement of Japanese, Korean and Chinese participants in the development of Internet standards at IETF on the basis of four quantitative metrics: attendance, patenting, authorship and leadership. The results are strikingly divergent. Japanese involvement in Internet standardization began early and Japan was, for many years, second only to the U.S. in terms of IETF participation. Though Japanese participation has declined since the early 2000s, Japan remains a major contributor to IETF standardization. Korean involvement in IETF has always been significant, but below the levels of Japan and major European countries. Korean participation in IETF has also declined over the past decade, and has been dominated by one firm, Samsung. Though meaningful Chinese involvement in IETF did not begin until the mid-2000s, it has rapidly expanded in recent years. Today, China is a major player in numerous areas of Internet standardization in terms of three metrics (participation, patenting and leadership), and is rapidly gaining in terms of document authorship as well. Most of China׳s recent IETF involvement can be attributed to Huawei, though other Chinese firms have recently begun to increase their participation in the organization. Thus, contrary to some views that China׳s engagement with standardization is primarily one of indigenous innovation and “catching up”, China׳s experience with IETF demonstrates deliberate and effective engagement with a major Western standards-development organization on its own terms.     

增强Linux系统安全性的措施

L inux系统的安全取决于系统管理员如何来管理它。本文探讨了一系列可以增强安全性的技巧与策略 ,包括 :系统安装原则、BIOS安全、口令安全策略、设计帐户自动注销功能、文件系统和日志安全策略、使用 SSH及 TCP-WRAPPERS,隐藏系统信息、删除所有特殊帐户、关闭控制台程序、限制系统中的 SUID/ SGID程序等。本文最后向 L inux系统管理员提出了一些安全管理方面的建议     

Whose Image is it Anyway?: Some Considerations of the Curricular Importance of Subject Image in Secondary School Design and Technology Education

This paper explores the idea that a sense of school subject image is a necessary feature of curriculum management and a potent force for change. The discussion centres on the view that all school subjects have an image and that if those intimately involved with the subject do not control the image then someone else does! In such circumstances the image is the product of past encounters and old euphemisms and is unlikely to hold the changed realities.The UK developments in Design and Technology education (the term Design and Technology is used to denote the school subject defined under this heading by the UK National Curriculum, 1995) have created something of an image problem which has interesting international parallels. Some of these problems are due to clearly discernible internal tensions and an ambiguous relationship with other subject areas.Through greater attention to subject image internal controversies might be acknowledged and resolved, relationships with other subject areas can be more meaningfully understood and practitioners can be helped to make sense of curriculum change.     

快速成形技术的应用及热点分析

基于快速成形技术的原理,展示了快速成形技术在快速模具制造、金属零件直接成形、反求工程等领域的广泛应用,总结了快速成形制造技术研究的热点,即研发新材料和新设备、提高成形精度、建立RPM的反求工程系统、建立成形技术的统一标准和扩大成形技术的应用领域。     

CIS与现代企业管理美学

概括性介绍了 ＣＩＳ（Ｃｏｒｐｏｒａｔｅ Ｉｄｅｎｔｉｔｙ Ｓｙｓｔｅｍ）的三大基本组成，并阐述了它与现代企业管理密不可分的相互联系及所处的举足轻重的地位，指出导入ＣＩＳ是现代企业谋求发展的重要手段。     

HSE走进中国石油

企业管理水平的好坏直接影响着企业的经济效益,运用HSE管理能提高企业管理水平,HSE管理模式将健康,安全,环境三者视为一个有机的整体。HSE管理认为人的安全是第一位的,人是创造财富的原动力,是企业的最大财产,HSE管理体系强调的是“蝴蝶效应”。     

Diffusion and usage of public e-services in Europe: An assessment of country level indicators and drivers

We analyze the state of the art of indicators on e-government, e-health, e-procurement and e-participation. We survey the main methodological properties of these indicators, and highlight their heuristic potential. Further, we address empirically the issue of the explanation of the availability scores, i.e. how the supply of the various e-services in each country is affected by political, institutional and socio-economic differences, and is followed by actual usage. The econometric analysis uncovers the importance of broadband penetration and higher education as drivers for most of the types of e-services and users (citizens and businesses). Moreover, a corruption-free and agile public sector proves to be an important pre-condition for more effective supply and usage. Despite data limitations and the complexity of the underlying diffusion phenomena, our study is the first truly longitudinal contribution aimed at disentangling the common drivers of such an important phenomenon – the e-services availability and usage across European countries. As such, this work appears useful to inform the policy debate and practice, in a phase characterized by a prospective reorientation of the public e-services provision and policy agenda.     

一种高精度的频率标准比对系统

频率标准源可以提供精确的标准频率,在测定频率标准源的各项性能指标时,要求测试系统必须具有很高的比对精度。所设计的频率标准比对系统采取多级倍频 混频方式使频率偏差逐级扩大后再测量,从而避免了直接进行高次倍频的困难,提高了测量精度,可以对高精度的频率标准的准确度、长短期频率稳定度进行快速测量,是一种高精度时畴参数测量系统。     

Material power and normative conflict in global and local agrifood governance: The lessons of ‘Golden Rice’ in India

This special section aims to investigate the interaction of global and local forces in shaping agrifood governance. It starts from the recognition that a multitude of actors and norms shape today’s agrifood system. The resulting opaqueness of the systems makes it extremely difficult to understand and explain processes and outcomes of agrifood governance. Given the sustainability challenges facing the agrifood system, improvements in our understanding of what the interaction of global and local actors and norms means on the ground are urgently needed, however. The section, therefore, analyses agrifood governance in India across a selected group of cases. It does so by employing a systematic framework emphasizing the material and ideational dimensions of power and their interaction. The section has chosen India as the setting in which to analyze this interaction due to the crucial role the food demand and supply of this rising power plays in today’s agrifood system. This article provides the special sections’ analytical framework, which uses the interplay of material and ideational dimensions of power as a focal lens. In addition, the article applies this framework to an empirical study of the political conflict around GMO foods in India, specifically the case of ‘Golden Rice’.     

蒸汽热量计量应用的探析

研究了石油化工企业的燕汽计量情况,着重对蒸汽热量计量的合理性进行了分析,阐述了蒸汽热量计量的依据及计算方法,以及蒸气热量计量对节能降耗的重要意义.