江苏省农业财政支出对农民收入影响的实证分析

作者根据<江苏省统计年鉴>,对江苏省农业财政支出与农民人均纯收入水平的关系进行实证分析,通过回归分析发现农业财政支出与农民人均纯收入水平呈显著的正相关关系,农业财政支出每增加一亿元,农民人均纯收入增加17.271元.因此努力增加农业财政支出是当前增加农民收入的有效途径.     

Alternative methods of reducing government expenditure

In recent years spectacular attempts by various major industrialized countries to reduce government expenditure have met with limited success and given rise to heavy controversies. What are the lessons to be learnt? What are the principles to be followed in cutting government expenditure?     

The international repercussions of EC agricultural policy

The importance of the EC in international agricultural markets has grown steadily since the establishment of the Community and will receive another boost following its southward enlargement. Nevertheless, agricultural policy has been inward-looking and has paid, little heed to the external effects it engenders. Prof. Schmitz shows that EC agricultural policy has tended to depress world market prices, has increased their volatility and artificially distorted the price structure in the world market.     

企业政策性搬迁收入的财税处理

随着我国经济的快速发展,许多企业因城市建设、环境保护等公共利益的需要进行搬迁、重建.对于企业政策性搬迁而取得的搬迁收入的会计及税务处理财政部及国家税务总局分别出台了相关规范性规定,本文根据现有规定对执行新企业会计准则的企业因政策性搬迁所取的搬迁收入的会计、税务处理规定作以分析.     

The impact of monetary and tax policy on income inequality in Japan

This paper assesses the effects of the most recent monetary policy behaviour of the Bank of Japan (in particular, zero interest rate policy and negative interest rate policy) and Japanese tax policy on income inequality in this country during the period of 2002Q1 to 2017Q3. The vector error correction model (VECM) that develops in this research shows that increase in money stock (m1) through Quantitative Easing (QE) and Quantitative and Qualitative Easing (QQE) policies of the BOJ significantly increases the income inequality. On the contrary, Japanese tax policy was effective in reducing the income inequality. Variance decomposition results show that increasing of income inequality by monetary policy is larger when comparing to decreasing effects of tax policy on income inequality. Cointegration and VECM results show that monetary policy has both short-run and long-run impacts but for tax policy paper could not find any significant short-run impact on income inequality. In addition, paper found that technological progress only in long-run can reduce the income inequality by increasing the marginal productivity of labour with positive impacts on employment and wages.     

Coherence between development policy and agricultural policy

The practical shaping of the EU's common agricultural policy and the instruments used to pursue its goals are often in conflict with the development policy goal of a trade regime which offers developing countries open markets as a contribution, in the long term, to reducing the poverty gap between nations. What are the possible areas of conflict between agricultural policy and development policy? How can these policies be made more coherent?     

The common agricultural policy—Where now?

The outcome of the Athens and Brussels summits was a cruel disappointment for all European optimists. The brunt of the consequences of this diplomatic failure will be borne by the Common Agricultural Policy. Is it now time to write its obituary?     

The composition of government spending as an additional policy instrument

This paper reevaluates the relationship between policy instruments and desired target levels when government and private spending are complements. First, the conceptual basis for the inclusion of government spending as an argument in the private consumption and investment functions is examined. Next, we show that a gap arises between the perceived and actual models under which the monetary authorities operate. Thus, the analysis is undertaken under conditions of uncertainty. In view of this, we conclude by showing that the presence of an additional policy instrument enables policymakers to adhere less rigidly to conventional fiscal and monetary measures.     

昆山地方政府金融引导政策研究

近年来县域层面的金融资源有效供给和企业融资需求的矛盾较为突出。因此对于县域地方政府来说,如何引导金融资源扶持中小企业发展、满足中小企业融资需求显得格外重要。昆山市近年来的积极金融支持政策有效缓解了中小企业的融资困境,本文以此为案例,梳理了近两年来昆山的地方金融政策,并对各项具体政策做出总结,旨在为其他县域地方政府提供具有一定参考意义的融资经验。     

The impact of agricultural price policy in developing countries

Agricultural price policies are under closer review now in many developing countries. There is a growing tendency to rely more on market forces. What impact have agricultural price policies had on the performance of the agricultural sector in developing countries until now?     

EC agricultural and regional policy

Additional state intervention harbours the danger of increasing inconsistencies; this is especially true if there is no clear demarcation of duties between authorities at different levels, as is the case in many spheres within the EC. The plans to double the size of the EC Structural Fund by 1992 give reason to subject the EC’s agricultural and regional policy interventions to scrutiny as regards their consistency and compatibility with overall economic goals.     

Top income shares in OECD countries: The role of government ideology and globalisation

This paper investigates how government ideology and globalisation are associated with top income shares in 17 OECD countries over the period 1970 to 2014. We use top income shares of the World Wealth and Income Database (WID ). Globalisation is measured by the KOF index of globalisation. Static and dynamic panel model results show that the top income shares increased more under right wing governments than under left wing governments. The ideology‐induced effect was stronger when globalisation proceeded more rapidly. Globalisation was positively correlated with income shares of the upper‐middle class (P99–P90), but negatively with income shares of the rich (top 1%) in the overall sample. We show that the relationship differs between Anglo‐Saxon countries and other OECD countries. Globalisation was more pro‐rich in Anglo‐Saxon countries than in other OECD countries. Government ideology does not turn out to have a statistically significant effect on top income shares in Anglo‐Saxon countries after the 1980s, whereas ideology‐induced differences in the distributional outcomes continued in other OECD countries.     

EC agricultural policy and international trade

The world markets for agricultural products are in a state of crisis. This is manifested in phenomena such as record surpluses, falling incomes for farmers and constantly increasing agricultural expenditure in a number of industrial countries while, at the same time, people go hungry in many developing regions. What are the factors which have brought this situation about? What can be done to solve these problems?     

Consumers and the common agricultural policy

The NCC is an independent, government funded public body which carries out policy work in the interests of consumers. In 1988 at the request of the British government it published a study of the EEC Common Agricultural Policy summarised below. The outcome was a set of proposals for far-reaching reform. Since publication the EEC has made some tentative moves towards reform with the latest farm price review proposals for price cuts and the introduction of support for farmers through direct income aids, which should be a more satisfactory form of support for farmers than price fixing. However, the collapse of the GATT Conference in Montreal demonstrates the dangerous lack of agreement over world agricultural policy, which could have serious consequences for consumers and farmers.     

European agricultural policy at the crossroads

It is now widely acknowledged that the agricultural policy course followed by the EC in the past cannot continue unchanged. Intensive negotiations on modifications to the Common Agricultural Policy have taken place, but have not yet led to agreement among the member countries. Professor Tangermann analyses the ideas for reform that are currently under discussion and presents possible alternatives.     

The chances for a thorough reform of the common agricultural policy

That the Common Agricultural Policy of the European Community is in need of reform is by now commonly accepted. But all moves for a reform on the political level have been postponed until after the French elections in the spring, a fact which highlights the political problems. Is there a real chance of a thorough reform of the CAP?