Organizational Issues in Worker Ownership

Abstract . In the United States the issue of worker control is currently receiving increased attention. Nevertheless, before this view of work and the workplace can be successfully implemented, the standard (hierarchical) image of organizational order must be rethought. Communicative competence, as discussed by Jürgen Habermas, is offered as a theoretical alternative to social ontological realism for developing a workplace that is compatible with worker control. This theoretical shift is necessary to avoid organizational domination of the worker and to develop a workplace that embodies, instead of restricts, human action. For if human action does not orient the workplace, worker control does not exist.     

World-wide Interest in Worker Participation in Management

A bstract . Participation in Management has been developing in industry in various parts of the world. Problems have arisen due to the lack of education of workers and unfavorable attitudes of management. Sociologists from various countries discussed them in Tokyo, November 6-8 1980. Increasing rationalization of production has reduced to some extent the potential for decision making; this hinders this development.     

社会转型背景下的行政价值构建

任何形式的改革必然首先是主观认知的变化,行政价值决定了行政行为,处于社会转型期的中国需要赢得改革的成功,必须要构建符合新形势的行政价值观。本文首先阐明了行政价值观和行政改革之间的关系,然后回顾了西方行政价值观的发展历程,最后着重指出了我国行政价值构建的价值取向。     

The Impact of Employee Share Ownership Plans On Employee Participation and Industrial Democracy

This article examines employee participation in recently-formed employee share ownership plan organisations (ESOPS) in the UK. the various legal/institutional forms of ESOP are outlined prior to considering the nature and determinants of participative institutions and processes. It is suggested that there are three ‘constellations’ of ESOP in terms of employee participation:‘technical ESOPS’, ‘paternalist ESOPs’ and ‘representative ESOPs’. There are relatively few innovations in participation in the first of these, while in paternalist ESOPs, innovations centre on individualistic forms of participation and communication at the level of the workplace. In representative ESOPs employees gain more of a say in strategic decisions through such innovations as employee representation on company boards. It is argued that these differences in the nature of participation are due neither to differences in legal structure nor to variations in the extent of employee share ownership. Instead, participative systems are viewed as the outcome of the philosophies and objectives of those involved in the conversion to employee ownership.     

Longitudinal Research and the Analysis of Social Change

Quality &; Quantity -     

试论社会转型期农民的非制度政治参与

当前中国农村社会转型过程中最突出的政治现象是农民的非制度政治参与。它源于农村经济体制改革,与农村传统政治思想、历史文化积淀、自然地理特点、阶层结构变迁等密切相关,并对农村基层政权建设和社会政治稳定产生重大影响。如何把农民的非制度政治参与逐步转变为合法有序的制度化政治参与,不仅是目前农村民主政治建设过程中亟待解决的现实问题,而且也是建设社会主义新农村过程中值得深入探讨的理论问题。     

Foreign Participation in Housing Development in Mainland China: Legal Concerns on Property Ownership

Since the economic reform in the 198Os, real property development, especially in the housing sector, has become one of the major economic activities in mainland China. Housing development was commercialized initially for the overseas market, particularly for the Chinese emigrants, as foreign capital was much needed. Under the new socialist market economy, a clear legal definition is still to be established for ownership of real property, which is a crucial issue for any real property development. This paper critically reviews the evolving concept of property ownership and evaluates the major pieces of legislation that govern participation of foreign investors in commodity units housing development. A critical evaluation highlights the legal concerns that hinder foreign involvement in commodity unit housing development.     

社会公共安全治理中公众参与的模式与策略

我国的社会公共安全治理面临政府有效性不足的现状,公众参与公共安全治理存在着意识、动力与能力的约束,而转型社会的多元性特征决定了公共安全治理需要公众的积极有序参与。公众作为参与治理中的主体作用应该被关注。文章提出了我国社会公共安全治理从以政府为单一中心的管理走向政府与公众参与的合作治理的必然性。在此基础上,结合治理理论与公众参与的实践,提出我国社会公共安全治理中公众的社会网络化参与模式与实现策略,包括要构建透明化的法治政府,引入非政府组织的参与,培养公民的参与意识与能力以及创新公众参与的制度。     

社交网络背景下企业与消费者对话策略分析

社交网络成为人们在互联网以及真实世界共同的生存环境,对企业的经营管理产生了至关重要的影响。企业需要掌握社交网络的脉络,找到对自身品牌具有影响力的社交网络平台,制定行之有效的对话策略,借助社交网络与消费者进行持续的对话,才能充分利用社交媒体所带来的机会,建立自身独特的竞争优势。     

Social Change: Measurement and Theory*

Societal change, which takes a variety of directions and forms and in no way can be assimilated or reduced to a single dimension, is often accompanied by a perception of insufficient understanding and lack of control. There is a frustrated need for mastering complexity and instability, separating the voluntary from the involuntary, the intended from the unintended, opportunities from risks, getting to the real causes and dominating the uncertain implications of social change. Social change catches us unprepared and confused. In this context statistics are generally considered a fundamental instrument of knowledge, but also part of the problem! In the public debate and in the specialized literature, the ability to measure social phenomena through current statistics and indicators is increasingly questioned. Data-it is claimed-are lacking, particularly longitudinal data; their quality (accuracy, relevance, timeliness, comparability, etc.) should be improved; indicators do not provide early warning signals, policy performance evaluation, and a precise indication of outcomes. Statistics cannot be used as a reliable and timely basis for decision making by individuals, organizations, governments, and for understanding these decisions. In some cases, statistics have been accused of giving a misleading and false picture of reality: do we measure the real extent of social exclusion and unemployment? Do we fully capture the quality of life and the degradation of the environment? Mismeasurement has been deemed by some commentators as being responsible for the wrong focus in inflation and stabilization policies, science and technology, unemployment and poverty. The productivity paradox, the informal economy, failure to measure welfare and the quality of urban life are instances where statistics do not seem to provide complete and satisfactory answers to the demand for information and knowledge. Our paper illustrates how, quite independently of measurement techniques and data production processes, the inadequacy of the conceptual framework may explain mismeasurement in relation to complex (multidimensional) and dynamic social phenomena. It is then to social theories, explanations and interpretations that statisticians need to turn, in order to come to grips with the new challenges in social measurement. We will develop this thesis looking at a few cases where measurement issues can be connected to both theoretical and empirical difficulties. The statistical gap which reveals itself in the mismeasurement or difficult measurement of social phenomena is closely interconnected with the social science gap. Only close collaboration between statisticians and social scientists can bring about continuous advancement in social science and quality improvement in social statistics.     

电子音乐流派的社会变革(英文)

从社会和政治变化、电子音乐流派的发展,形成了电子音乐,科学和技术的发展对电子音乐有重大的影响。他们是四个不同历史时期的发展——未来派,法西斯主义,达达派、电子音乐的时期。从最早使用:麦架,嘘声,窃窃私语,爆炸等。音乐和表达感情的表现,在阶级斗争,政治变革和经济危机、发展迅速的电子音乐,用在许多不同的零件,例如播放音乐、电影、电视等,都成了一个必不可少的组成部分的音乐市场。