共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Geoffrey Schneider 《Forum for Social Economics》2013,42(2):115-124
The theory of comparative institutional advantage posits that certain types of firms locate production facilities in a particular location and avoid other locations due to unique institutional advantages and disadvantages. In sub-Saharan Africa, neoliberal policies, weak and corrupt states, and Transnational Corporations have created a particularly destructive variant of capitalism. African capitalism generates little in the way of economic growth, rewards mainly the TNC and the African elites, and undermines Africa’s economic future via activities that are utterly extractive in nature. African capitalism is facilitated directly by the WTO, the structural adjustment policies of the IMF and the World Bank, and the institutional structures of African economies. After outlining the problems with African capitalism as currently structured, the paper goes on to suggest an alternative to this model involving experimental, embedded, grass roots development efforts that build on domestic cultural institutions that would generate significantly more positive outcomes for the people of sub-Saharan Africa. By abandoning neoliberal policies, it might be possible to create a better economic model that would build on community-centered institutional strengths to benefit a greater proportion of the population. 相似文献
2.
Mark A. Lutz 《Forum for Social Economics》2008,37(2):147-164
Probably one of the most controversial contributions to the literature of international trade theory was offered by the late
social economist John Culbertson. In his view, low wage competition among corporations in a world characterized by capital
mobility and massive trade deficits undermines the foundation trade theory based on David Ricardo’s celebrated notion of comparative
advantage. Instead, there are several good reasons to believe that international trade with China, India, Vietnam, etc. will
be governed by absolute advantage. The current essay is dedicated to the virtually ignored work of Culbertson, and it is meant
as an invitation for social economists to critically evaluate the argument and in the process make an attempt to point out
where it goes wrong.
Mark A. Lutz was born in New York, grew up in Switzerland, and earned his M.A. and Ph.D. degrees in economics at the University of California, Berkeley. He taught at the University of Maine from 1970 till his retirement in 2001. For three decades he has been a member of the Association of Social Economics, serving in various capacities, including as president, and was also privileged to be awarded the Thomas Divine Award. His longtime interests have centered on a more humanistic approach to economics, a viewpoint centered on human wellbeing, which can be traced back to the early 19th century. It’s a vision of the economy where there has long been much skepticism about the alleged benefits of unregulated market competition coordinating economic activity within or between nations. 相似文献
Mark A. LutzEmail: |
Mark A. Lutz was born in New York, grew up in Switzerland, and earned his M.A. and Ph.D. degrees in economics at the University of California, Berkeley. He taught at the University of Maine from 1970 till his retirement in 2001. For three decades he has been a member of the Association of Social Economics, serving in various capacities, including as president, and was also privileged to be awarded the Thomas Divine Award. His longtime interests have centered on a more humanistic approach to economics, a viewpoint centered on human wellbeing, which can be traced back to the early 19th century. It’s a vision of the economy where there has long been much skepticism about the alleged benefits of unregulated market competition coordinating economic activity within or between nations. 相似文献
3.
Rojhat B. Avsar 《Forum for Social Economics》2008,37(2):125-134
The rhetoric of the Ownership Society defined by the Cato Institute has been integral to framing the motivation behind the
Social Security reform introduced by George W. Bush. This motivational frame involves a fierce advocacy of what we will call
‘neoliberal autonomy’ in a Hayekian and Friedmanite sense. For Hayek and Friedman, the social adequacy component of Social
Security is problematized in the name of self-reliance and individual choice, which rejects any authoritative standards as
morally indefensible. Nevertheless, the rhetoric of the Ownership Society, though it glorifies the neoliberal notion of autonomy,
does not explicitly question the moral basis of Social Security. Rather, by defining the terms of debate, it frames the meaning
of Social Security along neoliberal lines in an attempt to make a supposedly detached economic case for private retirement
accounts. In this ‘pro-privatization’ framework, the social adequacy component of the Social Security system fades away as
individual equity, or actuarial fairness, comes to the fore as the chief theme. We suggest a ‘pro-social’ rhetoric that recognizes
the pursuit of social standards as providing the element of autonomy.
Rojhat B. Avsar born in 1979, is a Ph.D. candidate at the University of Utah, Salt Lake City and is currently focusing his research on political economy, macroeconomic policies and economic pedagogy. 相似文献
Rojhat B. AvsarEmail: |
Rojhat B. Avsar born in 1979, is a Ph.D. candidate at the University of Utah, Salt Lake City and is currently focusing his research on political economy, macroeconomic policies and economic pedagogy. 相似文献
4.
We examine the “new comparative economics” as proposed by Djankov et al. (2003) and their use of the concept of an institutional possibilities frontier. While we agree with their general argument that one must consider a variety of institutions and their respective social
costs, including legal systems and cultural characteristics, when comparing the performance of different economic systems,
we find various complications and difficulties with the framework they propose. We propose that a broader study of clusters
of institutions and such newly emerging forms as the new traditional economy may be better suited as ways to approach the study of comparative economics in the era after the breakdown of the old comparison
of market capitalism and command socialism that came to an end with the breakup of the Soviet Union.
相似文献
Marina V. RosserEmail: |
5.
The Political Foundations of Development: The Case of Botswana 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Unlike many of its fellow sub-Saharan countries, Botswana has avoided the African Growth Tragedy. The success lied in the
ability of the government of Botswana to successfully adopt growth-enhancing policies. We argue that the success stems from
three factors. First, the government enhanced its legitimacy by relying on traditional sources of authority. Second, the traditional
leaders pursued policies that legitimized the political system. Third, the government did not expend resources on military
expenditures during its first decade. The interaction of these factors explain Botswana’s success.
相似文献
Scott A. BeaulierEmail: Phone: +478-301-2836Fax: +478-301-2635 |
6.
Charles J. Whalen 《Forum for Social Economics》2008,37(1):43-60
Post-Keynesian Institutionalism (PKI), a synthesis of post Keynesian and institutional economics, emerged in the USA as a
strand of evolutionary economics in the early 1980s and has attracted increasing attention in recent years. This article examines
milestones in the development of PKI, devoting particular attention to the tradition’s conception of the role of the state.
The first section identifies antecedents to PKI in the writings of John R. Commons and John Maynard Keynes. The second describes
how PKI emerged against the backdrop of increasing dissatisfaction with neoclassical Keynesianism in the era of stagflation.
The third summarizes the subsequent contributions of Hyman P. Minsky, whose work was a model of PKI in the 1980s and 1990s.
The final two sections outline PKI’s contemporary characteristics and identify elements of an agenda for future research.
PKI has always been about achieving a more humane form of capitalism, which requires the state to play a creative role in
shaping economic life.
Charles J. Whalen is professor of economics and director of the department of business and economics at Utica College. He is also a visiting fellow in the School of Industrial and Labor Relations at Cornell University and editor of Perspectives on Work, published by the Labor and Employment Relations Association. His research interests include the history of economic thought, US economic history, macroeconomics, and industrial relations. He is editor of Political Economy for the 21st Century: Contemporary Views on the Trend of Economics (M.E. Sharpe, 1996), New Directions in the Study of Work and Employment: Revitalizing Industrial Relations as an Academic Enterprise (Edward Elgar, 2008), and guest editor of the Forum for Social Economics special issue on “The State, Public Policy and Heterodox Economics.” 相似文献
Charles J. WhalenEmail: |
Charles J. Whalen is professor of economics and director of the department of business and economics at Utica College. He is also a visiting fellow in the School of Industrial and Labor Relations at Cornell University and editor of Perspectives on Work, published by the Labor and Employment Relations Association. His research interests include the history of economic thought, US economic history, macroeconomics, and industrial relations. He is editor of Political Economy for the 21st Century: Contemporary Views on the Trend of Economics (M.E. Sharpe, 1996), New Directions in the Study of Work and Employment: Revitalizing Industrial Relations as an Academic Enterprise (Edward Elgar, 2008), and guest editor of the Forum for Social Economics special issue on “The State, Public Policy and Heterodox Economics.” 相似文献
7.
Samuel Cameron 《Forum for Social Economics》2009,38(1):19-29
The economics of hate is a barely developed field. There is one paper overtly on the topic by Glaeser and several related
papers on racism. war and other important topics. This paper considers the scope for taking the economic analysis of hate
beyond the narrow confines of the neoclassical approach by Glaeser and those working in cognate areas.
Samuel Cameron is a Professor of Economics at the University of Bradford, UK. He is the author of the books Playing the Love Market, The Economics of Sin, Econometrics and several journal articles and book journals. He is also co-editor of the Journal of Cultural Economics. 相似文献
Samuel CameronEmail: |
Samuel Cameron is a Professor of Economics at the University of Bradford, UK. He is the author of the books Playing the Love Market, The Economics of Sin, Econometrics and several journal articles and book journals. He is also co-editor of the Journal of Cultural Economics. 相似文献
8.
Clifford Poirot 《Forum for Social Economics》2008,37(1):61-76
This article discusses the relationship between classical pragmatism, political economy and economic policy. Classical pragmatism
is contrasted with vulgar meanings and uses of the term pragmatism. Classical pragmatism aims at a deep, substantive theoretical
understanding of real-world economic systems and supports application of well-warranted claims to knowledge to improve the
human condition. The article reviews the contributions of the founder of pragmatism, Charles Sanders Peirce, to the areas
of ontology and epistemology as well as their further development by contemporary classical pragmatist philosopher Susan Haack.
Hilary Putnam’s argument that we can have ethics without ontology and objectivity without objects is then critiqued. We need
ethics based on an ontology that is rooted in actual human experience; this provides better guidance for evaluating policy
proposals. The paper concludes by discussing the affinity of classical pragmatism with different approaches to political economy
and policy.
Clifford Poirot is associate professor of economics in the Department of Social Sciences at Shawnee State University, Portsmouth Ohio. In addition to the philosophy of economics, his research interests focus on cultural ecology and the problems of transitional economies. He teaches principles of economics, cultural anthropology, comparative systems and international political economy. 相似文献
Clifford PoirotEmail: |
Clifford Poirot is associate professor of economics in the Department of Social Sciences at Shawnee State University, Portsmouth Ohio. In addition to the philosophy of economics, his research interests focus on cultural ecology and the problems of transitional economies. He teaches principles of economics, cultural anthropology, comparative systems and international political economy. 相似文献
9.
Development in Africa has been stalled for decades in a vicious cycle of poverty, underdevelopment, corruption, and conflict. In this paper, we argue that donors should focus on democracy and accountability as a first priority in development aid. We use the theory of comparative institutional advantage to identify the key institutions that are most likely to facilitate economic development in communities in the modern world. These institutions include an efficient non-corrupt government sector. Subsequently, we discuss how a lack of democracy and accountability inevitably undermines development efforts and investment, referring especially to the Ethiopian experience but also considering the experiences of other African dictatorships. Finally, we discuss how donors, by emphasizing democracy and accountability along with other policies that support democratic institutions, have a greater chance of effectively contributing to African economic development. 相似文献
10.
While most heterodox economists endorse some amount of policy activism, there is no unified conception of the state and public
policy in heterodox economics. To help clarify the similarities and differences within heterodoxy – and between heterodox
and mainstream economics – a panel addressing this subject was convened in 2007 at the Annual Meeting of the Association for
Institutional Thought. This article introduces the essays prepared for that symposium. They include an examination of the
position of Marx and Engels, a clarification of the institutionalist views of Veblen and Commons, an outline of the perspective
of Post Keynesian Institutionalism, and an account of some essential contributions of Classical Pragmatism (a major school
of thought within the philosophy of science). The collection advances what Robert Heilbroner called “the worldly philosophy”
by seeking to understand the role of the state in a world where institutions, defined broadly as social habits, adjust to
other institutions.
Clifford Poirot is associate professor of economics in the Department of Social Sciences at Shawnee State University, Portsmouth Ohio. In addition to the philosophy of economics, his research interests focus on cultural ecology and the problems of transitional economies. He teaches principles of economics, cultural anthropology, comparative systems and international political economy. Samuel R. Pavel is assistant professor of business at Purdue University North Central. He is an economic development specialist for the northwest Indiana/southeast Michigan region. His research interests include Institutional Economic theory and applications that focus primarily on labor and financial markets. 相似文献
Samuel R. PavelEmail: |
Clifford Poirot is associate professor of economics in the Department of Social Sciences at Shawnee State University, Portsmouth Ohio. In addition to the philosophy of economics, his research interests focus on cultural ecology and the problems of transitional economies. He teaches principles of economics, cultural anthropology, comparative systems and international political economy. Samuel R. Pavel is assistant professor of business at Purdue University North Central. He is an economic development specialist for the northwest Indiana/southeast Michigan region. His research interests include Institutional Economic theory and applications that focus primarily on labor and financial markets. 相似文献
11.
The Social Economics of Globalization 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
John P. Tiemstra 《Forum for Social Economics》2007,36(2):143-159
There is general agreement on the moral values that globalization should serve. These are widespread prosperity and economic
growth, ecological sustainability, and cultural diversity. Proponents believe that neoliberal globalization will achieve these
goals, while the critics believe that globalization undermines them. An institutionalist theory that recognizes the reality
of economic power and choice posits that globalization enhances the power of the business sector at the expense of the government
and moral–cultural sectors. Policies for redressing this imbalance are discussed.
相似文献
John P. TiemstraEmail: |
12.
In the African continent, several regional initiatives have been launched or executed. These gave rise to several groupings
including COMESA consisting of 19 countries, ECOWAS (15 countries), ECCAS (10 countries), and SADC with 15 countries. These
groupings are not exclusive in that several countries belong to more than one regional group. The road to full integration
clearly begins with a regional arrangement. The many groupings in Africa had the long term goal of creating an all inclusive
African Economic Union. The objective is to promote the African continent’s economic growth, political stability, and good
governance. The paper examines the effectiveness of some of these regional grouping in the context of an all-inclusive African
club with the aid of the club model. Using data for the period 1986–2005, costs and benefits of membership are evaluated using
the gravity Model. The Helpman’s size dispersion index is used to identify a potential anchor for a regional grouping.
相似文献
Oswaldo PatinoEmail: |
13.
Political entrepreneurs and electoral capital: the case of the Israeli State Economy Arrangement Law
Assaf Meydani 《Constitutional Political Economy》2008,19(4):301-312
This article looks at a specific institutional change in Israel. In 1985, Israeli politicians adopted the “State Economy Arrangement
Law” (SEAL), commonly regarded as part of the budgetary legislation in Israel. This law became an alternative channel through
which applicants could circumvent the necessity of applying to the Israeli parliament (the Knesset) for the implementation
of certain policies. This law enabled an accelerated, flexible regulatory process that short circuited democratic discussion
in the Knesset and obviated the intervention of Israeli consumer organizations. This article suggests that this institutional
change should be analyzed as part of a process where institutional reality influences individual and collective beliefs, thus
triggering an individual and collective learning process that eventually leads to institutional change, specific policies
and outcomes in terms of economic performance. The article also claims that the SEAL legislation is an equilibrium that results
from the actions of political entrepreneurs (or agents of change) who operate to maximize their own electoral capital against
the backdrop of certain structural and cultural conditions, both local and international. They operate in an environment characterized
by the inability of the government to function effectively (non-governability) and the development of an alternative political
culture.
相似文献
Assaf MeydaniEmail: Email: |
14.
This study examines the features and determinants of intra-industry trade (IIT), horizontal IIT (HIIT) and vertical IIT (VIIT)
between Portugal and the European Union in the period 1996–2002, using a static and a dynamic panel data analysis. The findings
indicate that Portuguese VIIT increased significantly during the period in accordance with the values expected for a developed
country. The regression results show that there is evidence supporting the explanation of VIIT by Heckscher–Ohlin’s (HO) theory
and that Portugal has comparative advantages in low-quality differentiated products. The findings support the theory that,
in general, there is no positive statistical association between HIIT and HO variables. The central theme of this paper is
to show that it may be preferable to use the GMM approach in empirical studies of IIT rather than pooled OLS, fixed effects
or random effects estimators. The results also suggest that the GMM system estimator obtains more reasonable parameter estimates
than the first-differenced GMM estimator.
相似文献
Horácio C. FaustinoEmail: |
15.
John F. Henry 《Forum for Social Economics》2008,37(1):13-25
Marx and Engels developed their position on the state in the context of their attempt to understand and analyze society in
general, in particular, capitalist society. Over the course of five decades of examination, their argument was refined, partly
due to their historic investigations, partly due to the work of others, specifically by Lewis Henry Morgan, and partly due
to political developments, in particular the Paris Commune of 1871. Essentially, their concluding statement on the substance
of the state was that this socially determined arrangement was constituted by the instruments of coercion, both physical and
ideological, with which the dominant economic class coerced other social classes. In developing their ideas, Marx and Engels
distinguished between the state and government, though they clearly saw a symbiotic relationship between these structures
in class societies. In the course of their investigations, they differentiated their position from those of liberal, anarchist,
and other socialist commentators.
John F. Henry received his Ph.D. from McGill University. Most of his academic life was spent teaching at California State University, Sacramento, where he received the teaching, service, and research awards and was named the Livingston Lecturer in 2001. He has also taught at Staffordshire University, England and spent a term at Cambridge University as Visiting Scholar. He currently teaches at University of Missouri, Kansas City. He’s the author of two books, 20 articles in refereed publications (some co-authored), six essays in collections, many short essays, book reviews, and related publications. 相似文献
John F. HenryEmail: |
John F. Henry received his Ph.D. from McGill University. Most of his academic life was spent teaching at California State University, Sacramento, where he received the teaching, service, and research awards and was named the Livingston Lecturer in 2001. He has also taught at Staffordshire University, England and spent a term at Cambridge University as Visiting Scholar. He currently teaches at University of Missouri, Kansas City. He’s the author of two books, 20 articles in refereed publications (some co-authored), six essays in collections, many short essays, book reviews, and related publications. 相似文献
16.
The recent period of intensive and extensive development of global economic integration, or globalization, has reached a crossroads.
The regime of the neoliberal Great Capitalist Restoration is not sustainable and fundamental governance changes must be made.
This paper adds perspective to the choices that must be made at this critical juncture of the global social economy by applying
the master concepts of Schumpeter’s Creative Destruction and Polanyi’s Protective Response.
相似文献
James Ronald StanfieldEmail: |
17.
Patrick J. Welch 《Forum for Social Economics》2007,36(1):53-62
The end of busing of primary and secondary school students has been a major setback for integration of public schools in the
USA. The purpose of this paper is not to offer an alternative to busing; regrettably, no obvious alternative stands out. Rather,
it is to offer some social, legal and economic background to help the reader consider, and perhaps propose, realistic alternatives
that would reduce both racial and economic segregation in our schools and society. The paper is divided into three sections.
The first offers background information useful for better understanding and evaluating the end of busing and school resegregation.
The second section focuses on an important parallel between racial and economic discrimination. The closing section introduces
considerations important for anticipating reactions to, and the costs and benefits of, alternatives to busing for reintegrating
schools, as well as several recommendations to which those considerations can be applied.
Patrick J. Welch is a Professor of Economics at Saint Louis University with secondary appointments at the Department of Public Policy Studies and School of Public Health. He has articles published in economics, business, law, philosophy and other journals, as well as in several books of collected writings. He is the coauthor, together with, his wife, Gerry Welch of the book, Economics: Theory and Practice, currently in its 8th edition and published by John Wiley and sons. He has received several awards for his teaching and has been actively involved in community service. 相似文献
Patrick J. WelchEmail: |
Patrick J. Welch is a Professor of Economics at Saint Louis University with secondary appointments at the Department of Public Policy Studies and School of Public Health. He has articles published in economics, business, law, philosophy and other journals, as well as in several books of collected writings. He is the coauthor, together with, his wife, Gerry Welch of the book, Economics: Theory and Practice, currently in its 8th edition and published by John Wiley and sons. He has received several awards for his teaching and has been actively involved in community service. 相似文献
18.
Thierry Aimar 《The Review of Austrian Economics》2009,22(3):199-207
The Austrian School has had a curious destiny: while contributing many concepts to contemporary economic theory, it is either
ignored or criticised by much of modern economic literature. This article discusses possible reasons for this institutional
sidelining and the main futures of a renewal of Austrian thought.
相似文献
Thierry AimarEmail: |
19.
This paper studies the disequilibrium transition process engaged by increased openness to trade, and the effect of institutions,
market behaviors and economic policies on that transition. The issue is analyzed with a simple two country (north and south),
two goods model, amended in order to take into account the time dimension of both the production and the decision processes.
Investigating the consequences of a tariff decrease by means of numerical simulations, we show to what extent wage and price
setting, and the degree of tightness of monetary policy affect the outcome of the disequilibrium process. The main result
is that capturing the gains associated with international trade requires market behaviors and economic policies, which are
rather different from what is usually prescribed.
相似文献
Francesco SaracenoEmail: |
20.
Evolutionary thinking in environmental economics 总被引:3,自引:2,他引:1
Jeroen C. J. M. van den Bergh 《Journal of Evolutionary Economics》2007,17(5):521-549
Evolutionary and environmental economics have a potentially close relationship. This paper reviews past and identifies potential
applications of evolutionary concepts and methods to environmental economics. This covers a number of themes: resource use
and ecosystem management; growth and environmental resources; economic and evolutionary progress; and individual behavior
and environmental policy. The treatment will address both biological and economic—including institutional, organizational
and technological-evolutionary phenomena. Attention will be drawn to the fact that evolutionary economics shows a surprising
neglect of environmental and natural resource factors.
相似文献
Jeroen C. J. M. van den BerghEmail: |