佛山市城市轨道交通网络化客流效益提升策略研究

佛山市城市轨道交通第一期建设项目逐步投入运营,第二期建设规划于2021年获批,正是轨道交通系统由单线运营步入初期网络化运营发展的关键时期。为有效提升轨道网络整体运营效率以及线网客流效益,文章基于佛山市城市轨道交通规划建设实施评估,梳理后续发展面临的问题及挑战,从线网规划建设、周边用地开发、服务水平提升以及交通需求管理等方面提出客流效益提升策略,以期为佛山市轨道交通下一阶段规划、建设、运营提供决策支持。     

城市轨道交通网络化运营模式及特点分析

随着城市轨道交通的发展成熟,网络化运营是促进城市轨道交通服务水平提升和资源有效运用的重要方式之一。从基本类型和运营特点阐述网络化运营,分析模式列车重联/分解的资源共用、直通化运营的资源共用、网络内多车场(段)的资源共用模式特点,剖析城市轨道交通"资源共用"型网络化运营的适用性,为加快我国城市轨道交通网络化运营的发展提供参考。     

城轨智慧车站管控平台方案研究与设计

城市轨道交通发展趋于网络化运营模式，车站运营管理提升面临新的挑战。既有智慧车站相关研究成果在车站的整体性和协同性方面存在不足。根据运营组织架构，分析了车站运行管控与客运服务的业务需求，从符合网络化运营发展的角度，研究“线网+车站”双层级的城轨智慧车站管控平台设计方案。首先，围绕车站运营管理、客运服务、设备维修3个维度，通过调用线网调度中心、客服热线中心和设备维修中心业务资源，以及与航站楼、高速铁路车站等综合交通枢纽信息互通，实现了车站管控的整体性和协同性；依托智能视频和数字建模技术，增强客运服务和车站运行监测手段；最后，研究移动站务管理与车站场景模式，实现车站运营管理能力与事件响应能力的显著提升。     

公共管理角度下城市轨道交通货物运输发展研究

<正>改革开放以来，国内各大城市都在积极地建设各种城市轨道交通项目，线路网络规模也在逐年地增加，这给人民的生活带来了极大的便利。目前，城市轨道交通的主要任务还是执行客运任务，但对于城轨交通的货运业务依然没有足够的重视。随着我国社会与经济的不断发展，各大城市的建成区规模也在逐年增加，这导致了环境也发生很多改变，部分区域已经开始限制货运车辆进入市区，但各种货物运输不仅是企业生产所需，也是满足城市居民生活所需。因此，城市轨道交通作为一座城市的运输系统，不仅要满足市民的出行需求，还要承担一定的货物运输任务，这样才能发挥出城轨交通的潜力，也为城轨交通运营单位增加一项新的收入来源。     

我国城市轨道交通的建设与展望

目前我国城市轨道交通建设步入了快速发展的轨道,已建成通车的城轨交通覆盖了六大城市;正在建设的城轨交通覆盖了八大城市;正在筹备建设的城轨交通覆盖了16 个城市,还有有意向的10余座城市。同时,城市化进程的加快,也使城际轨道交通建设揭开了序幕。     

城市轨道交通实训基地设计方案研究

目前国内城市轨道交通市场规模剧增,线路结构网络化,城轨类型多元化,未来几年亟需培养出一批不同层次、不同专业、能适应各条新线的专业操作需求,并能够形成梯队分明,后进人才踊跃的专业化队伍.鉴于此,实训基地的建设被提上日程.如何对土地资源进行合理利用,并满足不同维修工艺要求,集约高效地进行建设,是亟待解决的问题.目前,实训基地的建设标准还没有相关规范,笔者根据杭州地铁线网的实际需求,研究实训基地的培训设备工艺、总图布置,提出实训基地的设计原则和技术要求.     

城市轨道交通线网列车运行图协同编制系统功能研究

线网列车运行图协同编制是城市轨道交通网络化运营组织的核心问题,其编图质量直接影响系统服务水平。现有列车运行图编制系统多是针对单一线路,缺乏对城市轨道交通网络化运营的适应性。通过分析国内外线网列车运行图编制系统的功能特征,结合我国协同、智慧的城市轨道交通发展理念,探讨城市轨道交通成网条件下列车运行图编制的实际功能需求,并对数据管理、自动编图与调整、应急运行图编制、运行图协同接续优化、列车群运行仿真、线网运输计划评估以及乘客行程规划等关键功能进行设计,实现全网范围内各线路列车运行图的智能化编制、各线路间的运力协调和合理高效运输,有效满足运营单位与乘客的实际需求,为成网线路列车运行图编制系统的开发提供平台和工具。     

铁路与城轨票务模式差异分析及城际铁路票务方案探讨

铁路客票系统、城轨AFC售检票系统分别是国家铁路与城市轨道交通中最直接面向乘客的系统,涉及到乘车购票检票全流程中最直观的感受,影响运输及运营企业的形象,也是体现智能化发展水平的窗口。随着四网融合时代的到来和技术的不断发展,其内涵及范围也越来越丰富,互联互通成为了迫切需求。然而,两套系统独立发展多年,已经形成了各自的体系及标准,深度理解二者差异性是实现互联互通的前提。以典型铁路、城轨票务系统为研究对象进行分析,从不同维度充分剖析其差异性,进而分析城际铁路建设及运营模式,提出不同制式票务系统互联互通的可行性方案,结合深圳城际铁路建设进行案例分析并探讨了互联互通实现方式,最后提出应综合考虑多因素,结合地域实际情况按近期、远期分阶段实现互联互通,方案可以为工程建设提供参考。     

城市轨道交通项目PPP+TOD增值效益研究

城市轨道交通PPP项目投资运营成本高，政府需要对其进行大量财政补贴以保证其正常运营。TOD模式可通过对站点周围土地进行综合开发利用，借助客流量带来额外的经济效益，用来补贴城市轨道交通的成本缺口，减轻政府财政负担。基于TOD开发理论，在对已有TOD案例分析总结基础上，对比一般城市轨道交通PPP模式回报机制，得到PPP+TOD模式下的回报来源及回报机制，分析了城市轨道交通TOD模式可带来的居住功能、商业功能及办公功能的增值收益，并通过特征价格模型对增值效益进行量化计算，同时结合案例对增值收益进行实证分析，定量测算了增值收益反哺城市轨道交通PPP项目建设和运营的幅度，丰富了PPP+TOD模式的可行性分析方法，为政府决策提供了依据和参考。     

我国城市轨道交通网络化建设发展现状及对策

当前,我国机动车保有量不断增加,许多城市人口多、密度大的特点决定了其较大的客运出行需求,继而随之出现的是道路拥挤等交通问题愈发严峻.轨道交通的发展既缓解了城市道路的交通压力,同时也提升了运输效率.目前城市轨道交通的网络化建设还处在初级阶段,建立完善的轨道交通网络化是我国城市未来轨道交通发展的目标.笔者通过对我国轨道交通网络化建设的发展现状进行深入分析,分析存在的主要问题,进而提出改善对策.     

美国信息产业对新经济发展的作用研究

美国信息产业对新经济产生了巨大的推动作用,主要表现为促进新经济的不断增长,产业结构的不断升级,劳动生产率的快速提高,使经济主体间更加和谐,美国发展新经济的主要经验是政府大力支持、企业广泛参与、风险投资活跃。     

New mobility service users' perceptions on electric vehicle adoption

The recent growth of new mobility services such as car-sharing (ZipCar, Car2Go) and ride-hailing (Uber, Lyft) has interesting implications for new vehicle technologies. We explore the users of the services and their relation to electric vehicles preferences by analyzing two large-scale mobility service surveys. A number of categories (car-share usage, ride-hail usage, commute mode, demographics, current vehicle attributes, environmental attitudes, technology attitudes, and life-stage information) are examined in order to determine the likelihood a respondent considers purchasing an electric vehicle in the future. Survey respondents explicitly expressed that exposure to ride-hailing did not increase their propensity for wanting to purchase an electric vehicle in the future. However, we run a full suite of cross-validation models and find that in addition to the typical factors used in modeling preferences, the use of new mobility services statistically increases the predictive power of our model to identify preferences for electric vehicles.     

利用新欧亚大陆桥发展我国国际物流

随着我国外向型经济的发展和自我国连云港至荷兰鹿特丹港的新欧亚大陆桥的贯通,发展国际物流是提高我国物流服务水平,增强我国外向型企业国际市场竞争能力的一个难得的发展机遇。但必须要加强连云港的建设,发展国际集装箱联运业务,以及调整我国的国际物流方向。     

Growing competition in the healthcare tourism market and customer retention in medical clinics: New and experienced travellers

This research sought to investigate international medical travellers’ post-purchase decision-making process by utilizing key concepts in medical tourism (i.e. medical product quality, effective communication, satisfaction, switching costs, and past experience [first-time vs. repeat experiences]). A visitor survey was conducted at medical clinics. Results of the structural model generally supported the proposed relationships among study variables. The role of study variables in generating revisit intention was found to differ significantly between new and repeat customers, and the strength of the proposed relationships was generally greater in the repeater group than in the first-timer group. This study also identified the mediating impact of satisfaction and switching costs. Additionally, the prominent role of satisfaction in the proposed theoretical framework was identified. The results of a structural-model comparison also revealed that a quality–satisfaction linkage was stronger than its alternative ordering in the proposed framework. Overall, this study provides great insight into medical travellers’ post-purchase behaviours.     

Sustainable leisure life modes and rural welfare economy. The case of the Randers Fjord area,Denmark

As increasing attention has been paid to rural tourism as a specific form of tourism development, so too has the scope of research into tourism in rural areas become more diverse. Typically, studies focus primarily upon the economic developmental contribution of rural tourism, although a significant amount of work has been undertaken on the consequences of rural tourism development and attitudes/motivations on the part of visitors and/or local communities. However, no attempt has yet been made to integrate studies of both visitors and local communities within the framework of rural tourism development policy. The purpose of this paper is to address this gap in the literature. Drawing on a study of tourism in the Randers Fjord, a relatively underdeveloped area of rural Denmark, it identifies and analyses three groups of tourists characterised by life modes: (i) traditionalists, (ii) peace seekers and (iii) adventurers. In each case, expectations, behaviour and future needs are revealed through qualitative interviews. The predominant (traditionalist) life mode of tourists, it is argued, closely matches that of the area's residents. This, the paper suggests, presents significant barriers to the development and enhancement of tourism, as do the prevailing economic structures and employment patterns. Thus, tourism development policy should take into account both tourists' and locals' life modes in order to progress towards sustainable rural tourism development. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Co-creation with clients of hotel services: the moderating role of top management support

Hotels can strengthen their competitiveness by expanding their innovation process beyond the boundaries of the firm to exploit the valuable knowledge and skills of their customers. This study examines the effects of new service (NS) co-creation with customers in the hotel industry on NS performance, as well as the moderating role of top management support. The research also explores the main barriers faced by hotels to co-create service innovations. Partial least squares structural equation modelling results indicate that Customer co-creation exerts a direct impact on NS market outcomes and NS development (NSD) speed, which in turn favours NS quality. NS quality translates into better NS customer-related outcomes as well as in improved NS market outcomes. Top management support enhances the effect of Customer co-creation on the NSD speed. The main barrier to NS co-creation in hotels is to find customers interested in devoting time to this activity or with the appropriate knowledge and experience.     

Developing metropolitan tourism on the fringe of central London

The paper examines the growth of a ‘new tourism area’ in Islington, north London — a locality that lacks a large attraction, acknowledged distinctive heritage and has not been planned as a destination. We review supply side changes and link them to the recent literature on economic and spatial trends in cities, particularly the role of amenity. We report on a survey of Islington visitors that shows they are drawn by distinctive qualities of place rather than particular attractions. The visitors have characteristics that distinguish them from visitors to London as a whole, but we speculate that they have similarities to Islington workers and residents in their search for amenity, entertainment and high‐level consumption services. In the final section of the paper we explore the consequences of our findings for understanding the growth of urban tourism. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Proximity changes to what and for whom? Investigating sustainable accessibility change in the Gothenburg city region 1990–2014

This paper operationalizes the concept of sustainable accessibility by emphasizing the environmental and social dimensions of sustainability from a spatial perspective. In doing so, we develop a heuristic model that focuses on the crucial dimensions of who gets access to what by using sustainable means of movement. We apply our conceptual approach in an examination of trends in sustainable accessibility for different social groups living in Gothenburg, Sweden between 1990 and 2014. On the basis of welfare-related and time-geographical considerations, we investigate accessibility by proximity for low- and high-income earners, people with small children, and elderly people. We investigate to what extent proximity to fundamental facilities increases or decreases over time, indicating changing conditions for sustainability. The results show that opportunities for living a local life and achieving accessibility via proximity differ socially. Low-income earners and the elderly generally live closer to the facilities important for daily life than do high-income earners and parents of young children. We also show that the opportunities for various social groups to obtain access by proximity change over time. For example, we observe a trend in which over time older people face reduced opportunities to reach daily facilities in their local neighborhoods.     

Analysis of ground access modes choice King Khaled International Airport, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Airports are vital to the transportation system because air travel is the fastest means of transporting people and goods around the world. Airports also connect aviation systems with other modes of transportation.As a result, access modes to airports are critical to the aviation system, and studying air passenger decisions regarding mode choice is an essential part of airport management and system planning.Though there has been systematic analysis of car use to access airports, there has been less systematic attention to the use of the public transport system, especially the taxi service. The aim of this study is to identify King Khaled International Airport (KKIA) access mode characteristics and users, which has not been investigated previously concentrating on the mix between car and taxi using data collected specifically for this research.More than half (55.5%) of the travelers surveyed arrived at KKIA by private car; taxi and limousine passengers accounted for 42.2% of the sample. The Saudi Public Transit Company (SAPTCO), transported only 2.3% of the air passengers surveyed. These results are similar to findings for an airport in the United States and very different from findings for an airports in the East (e.g., Hong Kong).A binary logit model was developed to evaluate the access mode choice. It was found that income, luggage, travel access time, and nationality significantly affect mode choice.Results provide insight for improved planning of access to KKIA.     

应对新形势 实施新对策——上海铁路分局改革与发展的战略思考

分析了铁路分局面临的形势 ,认为铁路分局应该抓住机遇 ,迎接挑战 ,并以上海铁路分局为例 ,探讨了铁路分局的改革与发展战略