Output volatility of five crisis-affected East Asia economies

A decade has passed since the Asian financial crisis (AFC) in 1997, and attention is drawn to the output performance of the crisis-affected economies in East Asia. Using the Hodrick–Prescott (HP) filter, this paper examines the growth volatility of GDP, its components and the stock market of five East Asia economies of Japan, Singapore, South Korea, Chinese Taipei and Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (SAR). Empirical evidences based on quarterly data show that output volatility for both Singapore and South Korea has increased after the AFC. For the GDP components, trade is a major factor in lowering GDP volatility in Chinese Taipei. The Hong Kong SAR economy has experienced an increase/decrease in the volatility of investment/private consumption. Among the five East Asia economies, government intervention is obvious in Singapore. The stock markets in both Hong Kong SAR and Chinese Taipei showed stronger ability in absorbing shocks.     

Who is the center of local currency Asian government bond markets?

This paper analyzes nine Asian government bond markets comprising Japan, Hong Kong, Singapore, Korea, China, Malaysia, Thailand, Philippines, and Indonesia, in conjunction with the US, and determines the center market from among three candidates of Japan, Hong Kong and Singapore. Employing a multivariate GARCH model, we find that Singapore is the center defined as the market with largest comovements in yields with other local markets in terms of the dynamic conditional correlations, and with the largest effects on other local markets in terms of volatility spillovers. Neither Hong Kong nor Japan is the center.     

Who Plays the Key Role among Shanghai, Shenzhen and Hong Kong Stock Markets？

In this paper we examine the daily frequency stock market indices of Shanghai, Shenzhen and Hong Kong from January 2000 to June 2012, and use the Morlet wavelet coherence model to determine who is playing the most important role in the financial markets of China. We find that there are significant comovements between these stock markets in the medium and long run. This provides investors with opportunities to increase their capital gains. The Hong Kong stock market plays a leading role in the long run, but its leader position is threatened by fast‐growing Chinese mainland stock markets, especially the Shanghai Stock Exchange. Based on our analysis, the following suggestions apply to the Chinese stock markets: establish and improve international and regional finance centers in Chinese mainland; encourage more qualified institutional investors; reposition the market relations among Hong Kong, Shanghai and Shenzhen; and increase deregulation and internationalization to speed up the integration of financial resources.     

我国A股市场中的波动性之谜与市场情绪

本文使用Campbell和Shiller(1988)基于对数线性RVF的VAR非线性Wald检验方法对我国A股1994-2009期间的数据进行实证研究,结果表明样本期间我国A股股价相对其基础价值表现出"过度波动"的迹象,无论是常数超额收益率模型还是V-CAPM模型都无法对此进行解释。通过进一步定义市场情绪指数来分析这种"波动性之谜"现象的原因,结果发现市场情绪和股市"过度波动"之间存在相互作用机制,市场情绪能够对股价波动提供额外的解释。     

Lessons from the global financial crisis – the case of Mainland China and Hong Kong

Abstract

The analysis of the intertwined reactions of Hong Kong and Mainland China to the 2008 Global Financial Crisis is considered in this study through the lenses of their stock markets. The GARCH-based analysis of stock market performance over the period December 2011–December 2014 shows that trade and equity sectors were the sectors most affected by the global recession; volatility was prevalent on the Shanghai stock market, whereas volatility persistence characterised the Hong Kong stock market. The results also show that the two stock markets recovered quite quickly. Tight controls applied by the financial authorities helped ensure some stability during the crisis.     

境外股指期货市场监管体制对比研究

2010年我国正式推出股指期货。为了进一步完善我国股指期货监管体制,促进股指期货市场的发展,笔者通过对美国、英国及我国香港地区股指期货市场监管体系的对比分析,归纳总结了这些国家（地区）在股指期货发展中的共同点和经验教训,并对我国股指期货监管体制的建设提出了建议。     

The co-movement of stock markets in East Asia: Did the 1997–1998 Asian financial crisis really strengthen stock market integration?

This paper examines the integration and causality of interdependencies among seven major East Asian stock exchanges before, during, and after the 1997–1998 Asian financial crisis. For this purpose, we use daily stock market data from July 1, 1992 to June 30, 2003 in local currency as well as US dollar terms. The data reveal that the relationships among East Asian stock markets are time varying. While stock market interactions are limited before the Asian financial crisis, we find that Hong Kong and Singapore respond significantly to shocks in most other East Asian markets, including Shanghai and Shenzhen, during this crisis. After the crisis, shocks in Hong Kong and Singapore largely affect other East Asian stock markets, except for those in Mainland China. Finally, considering the role of the USA shows that it strongly influences stock returns in East Asia – except for Mainland China – in all periods, while the reverse does not hold true.     

恒生股指期货与现货市场波动溢出效应实证分析

本文是针对股指期货市场的波动溢出效应所做的研究。使用香港交易所上市的恒生股指期货和恒生指数作为研究对象,首先利用各种计量检验,探讨了期货市场和现货市场之间的联动关系;其次利用GARCH模型探讨和刻画了期货市场封现货市场的溢出效应,最后得出了相关的结论。     

Rise and Fall of the First Financial Futures Market in China： The Case of Chinese Government Bond Futures

This paper studies the rise and fall of the first financial futures market in China. We compare the characteristics in the Chinese Government bond futures market with those in the US T-bond futures market. They differ in market design and structure, market governance, margin requirements, position limits, delivery process, and the way in which the settlement price is calculated. Furthermore, with a unique dataset, we show that prior to maturities of government bond futures, traders began to accumulate significant amounts of long positions for several selected contracts without the intention to offset, forcing short position holders to either purchase deliverable bonds or offset futures at highly inflated prices, causing higher market volatility and price disequilibrium in both spot and futures markets. Arbitrage opportunity arises and the market eventually collapses. The lessons learned from the suspension of the Chinese Government bond futures market offer an invaluable learning experience.     

基于期指随机定价模型的A股市场风险度量研究

本文从期权定价模型的理论基础出发,首先介绍我国股指期货市场的发展情况,并引出股指期货理论研究的进展情况,然后从逆向思维的角度,通过运用期货随机定价模型对我国唯一的沪深300指数期货进行实证分析研究,试图推算出股指期货中的隐含波动率,获得该隐含波动率在反映未来市场波动风险方面的特性,为将来构造VIX指标寻找到适合的因子。     

我国股指期货市场价格发现功能研究——基于上升、下跌和震荡状态下的分析

为了研究我国股指期货市场的价格发现功能,文章按照时变的思路,根据股指期货在不同市场环境下的作用和表现,将市场区别为上升、下跌和震荡三种情况来检验价格发现功能的差异。通过采用VEC模型、PT模型和IS模型进行对比分析,发现在大牛市和熊市时期,股指期货的所起到的作用会很明显,在价格发现中所占比例较大,为50-70%;而在股市平盘震荡时期,股指期货的价格发现能力要弱一些,只占20-30%比例。文中建议要加快发展我国股指期货市场,改善和优化目前的产品结构体系,减少对市场的不必要限制措施,使之成为更加规范和成熟的股指期货市场。     

新加坡金融服务双向贸易的决定因素

从金融市场结构看,新加坡出口市场更分散,且重要市场比重下滑,但对印度金融服务出口快速上升;而香港金融服务出口更集中且国际化多元化突出。新加坡金融服务与日、韩、香港、美等GL指数较高呈水平分工,与中国和印度GL指数较低呈垂直分工。而决定这一分工现状的主要因素依次为金融市场规模、外来投资以及金融市场开放程度。     

Capitalizing on prospect theory value: The Asian developed stock markets

This study shows that a stock whose past return distribution has a high (low) prospect theory value earns a low (high) subsequent return in the stock markets in Hong Kong and Singapore as well as in Japan. In addition, it investigates whether appropriate components of the value function and the probability weighting function that capitalize on prospect theory value are different across countries due to the different risk attitudes of investors. The parameter estimates show that each stock market has different cumulative prospect theory parameters for better performance, and the level of loss aversion for each market is lower than the original values offered by Tversky and Kahneman (1992).     

Asymmetric Mispricing and Regime‐dependent Dynamics in Futures and Options Markets

We examine regime‐dependent price dynamics and mispricing adjustments within the KOSPI200 spot, futures and options markets through an analysis of data from January 2000 to December 2014. Investors exploit mispricing between derivatives and spot markets only if mispricing is sufficiently large. The futures traders take long, rather than short, positions to adjust for mispricing. Mispricing between spot and options markets is adjusted by trading options and not by trading spots. We find the bidirectional information flows between spot and futures markets when the futures‐implied index is sufficiently larger than the spot index. In contrast, no significant lead–lag relationship between spot and options markets exists. Significant asymmetric transaction costs exist in the spot market and this asymmetry has decreased over time.     

收益波动与随机冲击的非对称性影响：中国与美国股票市场的对比

通过讨论股票收益与随机;中击之间的关系,对中国股票市场和美国股票市场进行了对比研究。研究中使用了中国上海和深圳股票市场1990年12月31日至2005年12月30日的两市A股算术平均周指,以及美国股票市场1973年1月2日至2004年月12月30日的标准普尔500周指。在进行经验研究的过程中,分别使用了线性GARCH模型和GJR—GARCH模型计量股票收益的条件波动——即模型中的条件方差。研究发现,中国股票市场自1990年——1995年波动剧烈,之后波动趋于平缓,而美国股票市场在研究期间内收益波动一直处于一定范围内。同时还发现,美国股票市场的随机冲击对股票收益产生非对称性影响,即负冲击使股票收益产生的波动大于正冲击。而在中国股票市场却找不到相似的证据。鉴于对中国股票市场收益波动的研究结果,在剔除1996年以前的数据之后又进行了扩展研究,但是似然比率检验结果表明,正冲击对股票收益的影响还要略强于负冲击。     

江苏民营企业海外上市发行定价和后市表现实证分析

本文采用事件分析法,对江苏民营企业海外上市的发行定价和后市表现进行了实证分析。江苏民营企业海外上市地点主要是新加坡、香港和美国。研究表明,新加坡市场平均首日收益率远高于香港和美国市场;三地市场普遍存在发行抑价现象,其中,新加坡市场发行抑价率最高;从长期表现来看,美国市场后市表现较好,新加坡和香港市场后市表现弱于国内市场。     

Interaction between Foreign and Domestic Investors in the Korean Stock and Futures Markets*

The present paper analyzes the behavioral relations of major investor groups in the stabilized Korean stock and futures markets after the 1997 Asian financial crisis. Investor groups cannot be classified as positive or negative feedback traders on market returns when both stock and futures markets are considered, which is inconsistent with the results in Ghysels and Seon (2005). Foreign investors and domestic institutions tend to take opposite positions in both markets. The impact of foreign investors on the basis change is significantly negative in the futures market, whereas domestic institutions have a negative relation in the stock market. This supports the view that selling activity of foreign investors in the futures market pulls the futures price down compared with the index value and, consequently, induces the reverse cash‐and‐carry trade of domestic institutions. This relationship, which negatively influenced the Korean economy during the crisis, as shown in Ghysels and Seon (2005), still exists in the Korean financial markets.     

股指期货的推出对我国证券市场影响的研究

股指期货的推出是完善我国证券市场的必经之路,虽然目前由于股市行情不好,经济增长速度下降,在短期推出股指期货从理论上和实践要求上不可取,但是从长远发展看,推出股指期货是必要和可行的。根据分析,股指期货对股市波动性的影响在短期存在,但是长期的影响不明显;并且有利于增加股市的流动性,有利于证券市场良好有序的发展。     

An overview of Asian equity markets

This study overviews the development of 11 Asian equity markets, namely, China, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Japan, Korea, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Taiwan, and Thailand. Prior to the onset of the global financial crisis, the Asian stock exchanges were generally bullish, underpinned particularly by China's robust economic performance. Innovations in financial products and services have been growing in importance, as stock exchanges in these countries have been making a concerted effort to introduce new features and best practices, with the objectives of raising market efficiency, enhancing service quality, and generally bringing operations up to par with international standards. But the potential to realize or support market efficiency can only be possible within an adequate legal framework, a sound market infrastructure, and appropriate corporate governance mechanisms. Thus, many challenges are still to be overcome in the region.     

Interactions of stock markets within the greater China economic bloc

This paper investigates what types of mutual relationships exist among the stock markets of the Greater China economic bloc, which include stock markets in Hong Kong and Taiwan, as well as stock markets in Shanghai and Shenzhen. Using the unit root test, co‐integration analysis, and vector error correction model (VECM), this paper analyzes interrelationships among daily stock indices for the period from the beginning of 1992 to the end of 2001. Test results indicate the existence of one co‐integrating vector, implying that a long‐run equilibrium relationship holds among the four stock indices. Variance decomposition of forecast errors provides evidence that the Shenzhen stock market is the market most heavily influenced by the unexpected variations of other markets in the Greater China economic bloc.