浅谈环戊酮的合成方法

文章首先对环戊酮的定义进行了阐述，接着对环戊酮的制备进行了细致的分析，最后重点探讨了环戊酮的合成方法。     

尼龙-6单体己内酰胺绿色生产技术研究

在绿色生产的国家发展政策背景下,传统的己内酰胺生产工艺需要进行技术创新开发。文章分析了传统的己内酰胺生产工艺技术缺陷,归纳总结了我国己内酰胺绿色生产技术的开发与应用。     

环戊酮的制备

环戊酮是一种重要的精细化工中间体，它是制备新型的香料二氢茉莉酮酸甲酯和白兰酮及抗焦虑药丁螺环酮等产品的原料。由于它对各种树脂具有很好的溶解性能，在电子行业作为溶剂得到广泛应用。     

试述化学工程中的化工生产工艺

人们日益加强了环保意识,对于低碳生产理念逐步加大了重视程度。尤其是在当前的化学工程中,不仅十分注重对低碳环保与节能减排等技术应用,而且对于化工生产工艺也展开了有关于绿色主题创新开发。为此,在对当前化工生产存在的一定实际性问题展开相关探讨后,对化工生产工艺进行了有效分析,希望可以在不断加强技术进步的同时,能够进一步提升节能环保效益。     

中石化拟薄水铝石生产新工艺中试成功

拟薄水铝石是各种类型加氢催化剂的主要载体原材料,其性能和生产成本直接影响加氢催化剂的性能和成本,因此拟薄水铝石的生产工艺技术是加氢催化剂研究开发和生产的关键技术之一。鉴于拟薄水铝石生产工艺技术对于加氢催化剂研发和生产的重要性,中石化石科院多年来一直在开展拟薄水铝石的相关基础研究工作,经过十多年的长期研究和知识积累,开发了满足不同需求的系列化产品。并于2006年上半年完成了短流程系列化拟薄水铝石及其工艺成套工艺包的技术转让。于2007年8月获得成功应用,现在仅通过生产工艺参数的调节,就可以稳定生产出满足渣油加氢、加氢裂化、柴油加氢等不同类型催化剂载体要求的系列化拟薄水铝石产品。     

混合发生炉煤气站的安全、经济、持续运行

随着我国煤炭气化技术的不断提高、完善,各种气化方式在企业中得到广泛的应用。目前应用较多混合发生炉煤气生产系统,有冷煤气生产工艺也有热煤气生产工艺;近几年,随着国家对各地方环境保护的控制要求,煤价的上涨,导致两段炉应用较多,有热粗煤气生产工艺,热脱焦油煤气生产工艺,也有冷净煤气生产工艺。各企业的煤气站因操作管理不同,运行成本相差很大,也有极少数的煤气站因管理工作水平差,操作人员素质低,造成生产和设备运行事故不断,直接影响企业的生产正常运行。     

多元磨合球化剂、孕育剂及球铁系列化成套技术

这一技术在1992年1月已通过河北省科委组织的鉴定。1　项目简介球墨铸铁因其具有类似钢的强韧性能,而生产工艺却比钢简便,成本低廉,其使用范围正在不断扩大。河北科技大学材料科技研究所在开发研制各种不同牌号、不同壁厚的球墨铸铁及其生产技术的过程中,与之相对应开发研制了适用于不同牌号、不同壁厚、不同熔炼方法的专用多元复合球化剂、孕育剂系列产品,并已分别获国家发明专利或通过成果鉴定,被认定为高新技术产品。使用多元复合球化剂、孕育剂及球铁系列化成套技术,可在铸态生产出壁厚为3～425mm之间的不同牌号的球铁铸件,节约热处理工…     

帝人公司开发聚酯钛催化生产工艺

日本合成纤维生产商帝人公司说,它成功地开发了生产聚酯的新的催化工艺,这将使得帝人公司能够生产环保性能更好的聚酯产品。该生产工艺是帝人集团根据采取各种方法保证环保、废物处理和回收措施的原则而开发的。 新工艺能够使帝人公司完全不用重金属(例如锑和锗)来生产聚酯产品。采用该催化工艺进行聚酯产品     

南农大填补国内生物除草剂空白

3月15日,南京农业大学杂草研究室研制的生物除草剂专利技术产品"菌克阔"签约转让。该产品作为具有自主知识产权的真菌菌株发酵生产的生物除草剂,是南京农业大学杂草研究室历经8年开发完成的,在生产原料、生产工艺以及环境适应性方面具有重要技术突破,将填补目前国内自主开发的     

国外高吸水性树脂生产与应用

概述了目前世界高吸水性树脂（ASP）的发展现状和市场从需概况，对SAP两种典型的生产工艺的技术及其技术经济进行了论述，着重探讨了国外各生产公司对SAP应用诉开发与研究。     

己二酸合成技术进展与市场分析

2005年全球市场对己二酸的需求约达到2650kt。全球己二酸市场需求在未来5年内有望以年均3．0％的速度增长。而我国随着聚氨酯工业的迅速发展，我国己二酸市场需求也呈现强劲增长的态势。文章介绍了目前国内外己二酸绿色生产工艺和技术进展，对比国外己二酸的技术进展、生产现状、市场情况，分析了国内生产与消费情况，提出了我国今后的己二酸工业要加快在先进技术引进、生产装置规模化以及国内合成技术开发等方面工作进程的建议。     

The influence of firms' technological capabilities on export performance in supplier-dominated industries: the case of ceramic tiles firms

In this paper, we study the effects that firms' technological capabilities, as an expression of their technological innovation strategy, have on their international competitiveness. In doing so, we draw on export and international trade literature to justify the influence that the firms' technological activity has on their export performance. In addition, we use concepts derived from the literature on technological innovation to identify different capabilities that the firms may develop to manage their innovation process, i.e., those related to investment, production and co-operation. These constitute the basis of our hypothesis, in which the technological innovation capabilities identified are related to firms' export performance. Empirical work is carried out on a sample of 88 Spanish exporting firms belonging to the ceramic tiles industry, which is characterized as being a supplier-dominated industry. Data were mainly gathered through a postal survey directed at firm managers. Our findings show that technological innovation capabilities have a positive impact on export performance. Specifically, results show that investment in internal non-R&D innovative activities, such as engineering design and pre-production, exerts a positive influence on export performance. However, neither investment in R&D nor investment in external acquisition of technology exerts any influence on export performance. In addition, our findings show that production capabilities have a positive effect linked to both improvement and imitation of products and processes. Regarding co-operation, export performance is related to capabilities that derive from co-operation with universities and research institutes rather than co-operation with other companies.     

Recent Research in Learning Technological Concepts and Processes

This paper examines recent research in student learning of technological concepts and processes. To explore this area three inter-related aspects are considered; existing concepts of technology, technological knowledge and processes. Different views of technology and technology education are reflected in both research outcomes and curriculum documents. Teacher and student perceptions of technology impact on the way in which technology is undertaken in the classroom. Teacher's perceptions of technology influence what they perceive as being important in learning of technology. student's perceptions of technology and technology education influence what knowledge and skills they operationalise in a technological task and hence affect student technological capability. Technological concepts and processes are often defined in different ways by particular groups. Subject subcultures are strongly held by both teachers and students. The influence of subject subcultures and communities of practice will be discussed in terms of defining and operationalising technological concepts and processes. Technological concepts are not consistently defined in the literature. For students to undertake technological activities, knowledge and processes cannot be divorced. Recent research highlights the problems when processes are emphasised over knowledge. This paper will examine different technological concepts in an attempt to create a critical balance between knowledge and process. Much of the literature in technology education has rightly emphasised definitions, curriculum issues, implementation and teacher training. This paper argues that it is now time to place a great emphasis on in-depth research on student understanding of technological concepts and processes and ways in which these can be enhanced.     

Exploring purchasing integration in product development

With increasing outsourcing and the growing importance of product innovation as a means for creating competitive advantage, the integration of purchasing and product development processes has become a key issue for many firms. Although, consequently, the integration of purchasing and suppliers in product development has attracted growing attention from practitioners and researchers, most research on the topic remains limited to the context of single development projects. The integration with long-term issues such as technological alignment between supplier and manufacturer is often neglected. This limited conception and the lack of a coherent definition of what purchasing integration in product involvement is form a major impediment to the advancement of knowledge in this field. Therefore, this article develops a framework encompassing various activities across different management levels, which embody the alignment and integration of purchasing and product development processes.     

己内酰胺的生产技术及国内外市场分析

介绍了己内酰胺的生产技术新进展，其中绿色生产工艺是今后的发展趋势。2005年全世界己内酰胺的总生产能力为4451kt，总消费量为3950kt，预计2009年总消费量将达到4731kt，2014年将达到5320kt。2005年我国己内酰胺的总生产能力为350kt，产量为212．1kt，消费量为703．2kt，产不足需，每年都得大量进口。预计2010年我国己内酰胺的总消费量将达到约1040kt，己内酰胺在我国发展前景广阔。今后我国应积极采用先进技术扩大装置的生产规模，以从根本上缓解我国己内酰胺的供需矛盾。     

A process-oriented perspective on customer relationship management and organizational performance: An empirical investigation

Research on the CRM-performance link has been fragmented due to various perspectives on CRM. This study, considering different concepts of CRM, proposes a process-oriented framework for examining the relationship among CRM resources, CRM process capabilities, and organizational performance. Based on the resource-based view (RBV) of the firm, CRM resources are classified as “technological CRM resources” and “infrastructural CRM resources”. Data from 77 Iranian Internet service provider firms were gathered in a field survey. The empirical work indicates that the measured constructs demonstrate key psychometric properties including reliability and validity. The results reveal that CRM processes are more affected by infrastructural CRM resources rather than technological CRM resources. Moreover, the findings indicate that firms with improved CRM process capabilities enjoy better organizational performance.     

基于演化范式的技术创新动力机制研究

演化范式的兴起和发展为重新审视技术创新动力机制问题提供了有益视角,应用其倡导的生物学隐喻研究方法,技术可以被理解为以技术知识作为基因型的表型。技术创新的动力一方面来源于技术知识的变化即新技术知识的生产。另一方面来自环境的激活作用,以此为主线可以构建一种有效的技术创新演化动力机制理论。     

Knowledge Acquisition in University–Industry Alliances: An Empirical Investigation from a Learning Theory Perspective*

A firm's technological knowledge base is the foundation on which internal product and process innovations are generated. However, technological knowledge is not accumulated solely through internal learning processes. Increasingly, firms are turning to external sources in the technology supply chain to acquire the technological knowledge they need to introduce product and process innovations. Thus, the successful structuring and executing of partnerships with external “technology source” organizations is often critical to competitive success in technologically dynamic environments. This study uses situated learning theory as a basis for explaining how factors inherent to the knowledge acquisition context may affect the successful transference of technological knowledge from universities to their industry partners. Data collected via a survey instrument from 104 industry managers were used to explore the effects of various organizational knowledge interface factors on knowledge acquisition success in university–industry alliances. The organizational knowledge interface factors hypothesized to affect knowledge acquisition success in the current research include partner trust, partner familiarity, technology familiarity, alliance experience, formal collaboration teams, and technology experts' communications. Results indicate that partner trust predicts the successful acquisition of tacit knowledge but not explicit knowledge. Both forms of knowledge are predicted by partner familiarity and communications between the partners' technology experts. These findings suggest three principal managerial implications. First, although the development of a trusting relationship between the knowledge source and knowledge‐seeking parties is generally advisable, firms that seek to acquire explicit technological knowledge from their alliance partners may successfully do so without having made significant time and energy investments designed to assure themselves that they can trust those partners. The relative observability and verifiability of explicit knowledge relative to tacit knowledge may enable knowledge‐seeking parties to have greater confidence that knowledge has been acquired when partner trust is in question or has not been deliberately developed. A second implication is that, other things being equal, a knowledge‐seeking party's interests may be best served through repeated exposures to particular alliance partners, particularly if those exposures facilitate mutual understandings on relevant process‐related matters. A third managerial implication is that ongoing, broad‐based communications between the partners' technology experts should be used to effect technology transfer. A key quality of the organizational knowledge interface that promotes the successful acquisition of technological knowledge, both tacit and explicit, is multipoint, real‐time contact between the technology experts of the partner organizations. Such communications potentially enable the knowledge‐seeking party to directly access desired information through the most knowledgeable individuals on an as‐needed basis.     

Combining methods in the technology intelligence process: application in an aerospace manufacturing firm

Technological change is a major factor in gaining competitive advantage in manufacturing industries. Promoting innovation, exploiting technological opportunities and avoiding threats are increasingly important. Firms need to recognise both current and potential future technological advances that can affect their products, services and processes. This paper presents a Technology Intelligence (TI) methodology and toolset, the main purpose of which is to enable companies to monitor and assess technological developments associated with their products, components, processes and other areas of concern. These technology management activities will assist the company in evaluating its environment while taking advantage of technological changes that represent opportunities or threats. The methodology is described in detail and demonstrated using a case study conducted in an aerospace manufacturing firm in the United Kingdom.     

Scientific and technical information transfer for high technology: keeping the figure in its ground

The gatekeeper approach to the management of scientific and technical information (STI) is most relevant to companies engaged in product development in a dynamic technological environment (Allen, Tushman, & Lee, 1977). We will argue in this paper that these companies have a choice of how to effectively organize. The organizational structure and processes they implement will have major effects on how STI is transferred as well as the quality of the STI that is disseminated and used. Hence, changing the context within which STI is transferred may be much more effective than improving the efficiency of existing transfer procedures.